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Evidence Based Approaches to Reducing Gang Violence

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A literature review = reviewers collate relevant studies and draw conclusions from them. Limitations, they are subject to selection and/or publication biases ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Evidence Based Approaches to Reducing Gang Violence


1
Evidence Based Approaches to Reducing Gang
Violence
  • A Rapid Evidence Assessment
  • Gavin Butler
  • Home Office RRT GOWM
  • September 2004

2
Existing Evidence
  • Risk factor literature
  • Sociological theorising hyper-masculinity etc
  • Literature reviews
  • Very little evidence of effectiveness

3
Research Question
  • What is effective in preventing or reducing
    young peoples involvement in gang and gun
    related activity, as victims or offenders?

4
Answer
  • The co-ordination of gang reduction activity
    through a multi-agency, multi-modal strategy,
    specific to one city or locality
  • Civil injunctions
  • Peer mentoring
  • School based learning

5
Methodology
  • A literature review reviewers collate relevant
    studies and draw conclusions from them
  • Limitations, they are subject to selection and/or
    publication biases

6
An REA Gives Stronger Policy Advice Because
  • Based on systematic review methodology
  • It focuses on demonstrable outcomes
  • Screens for evidence of effectiveness
  • Provides an overview of what the evidence is
    saying

7
Process
  • Agree question
  • Agree search criteria
  • Search crime and social science databases
  • Review 311 abstracts
  • Review 100 papers
  • Identified 6 studies
  • Screen papers for evidence of theory of change
    and critical mechanisms

8
Interventions Demonstrating Effectiveness
  • Operation Ceasefire The Boston Initiative
  • Operation Ceasefire The Hollenbeck Initiative
    (LA)
  • The Little Village Approach A Community Approach
    to the Gang Problem
  • Civil Gang Injunctions
  • Peer Mentoring for Violence Prevention
  • Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT)

9
Summary of Findings
  • Effective programmes had the following elements
  • Strong local problem analysis
  • Clear management structure and leadership of the
    intervention
  • A focus on problematic behaviour (gang violence)
    rather than affiliation (gang membership)

10
Summary of Findings
  • Opportunities as well as enforcement. Carrots
    and sticks
  • A focus on reducing incidence and lethality
  • Support partnership working
  • Formal and informal information exchange
  • Engaged community groups
  • Effective marketing

11
Whats Missing?
  • We found what we found
  • UK examples
  • Cost effectiveness

12
Implications
  • Developing the evidence base
  • Developing the REA
  • Supporting practitioners

13
Any Questions?
  • Contact details
  • Gavin Butler
  • 0121 212 5230
  • Gbutler.gowm_at_go-regions.gsi.gov.uk
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