Synergistic SoundingImaging and InfraredMicrowave Products Demonstration for EOSNPOESSNPP Direct Bro

1
Synergistic Sounding/Imaging and
Infrared/Microwave Products Demonstration for
EOS/NPOESS/NPP Direct Broadcast Users   Hung-Lung
Allen Huang, Jun Li, Liam Gumley, and Kathy
Strabala Cooperative Institute for Meteorological
Satellite Studies Space Science and Engineering
Center University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
International EOS/NPP Direct Readout Meeting 5
October 2005 Mediterranean Agency for Remote
Sensing Environmental Control
(MARSec) Benevento, Italy
2
AIRS Overview
AQUA launched from Vandenberg on May 4, 2002
AIRS Instrument

• AIRS is in orbit on the Earth Observing System
  (EOS) Aqua spacecraft
• Status
• AIRS Powered on May 6th
• AMSU, HSB to operations soon
• Orbit 705 km, polar sun synchronous,
  ascending, 130 PM
• AIRS Companion instruments
• AMSU-A (Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit - A)
• HSB (Humidity Sounder for Brazil)
• AMSR-E
• CERES
• MODIS

3
AIRS (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder)
1 AIRS granule135 scanlines x 90
footprints12150 pixels 1 AMSU granule45
scanlines x 35 footprints1350 pixels
4
Data Coverage

• AIRS obtains global coverage 2x per day

5
AIRS Spectral Coverage

• IR sounder 2378 channels
• spectral ranges 3.7 - 4.61 ?m, 6.2 - 8.22 ?m ,
  8.8 - 15.4 ?m

6
Radiance received by AIRS
RTE (no scattering) in LTE
7
(No Transcript)
8
AIRS/AMSU/HSB DATA PRODUCTS
Radiance Products (Level 1B) AIRS IR
Radiance AIRS VIS/NIR Radiance AMSU Radiance HSB
Radiance Standard Core Products (Level 2) Cloud
Cleared IR Radiance Sea Surface Temperature Land
Surface Temperature Temperature Profile Humidity
Profile Total Precipitable Water Fractional Cloud
Cover Cloud Top Height Cloud Top Temperature
RMS Uncertainty
Horizontal Resolution
3 20 0.25-1.2 K 1.0-1.2 K 1.0K 0.5K 1.0K 1K 15
5 5 0.5 km 1.0 K
15 x 15 km 2.3 x 2.3 km 45 x 45 km 15 x 15 km 45
x 45 km 45 x 45 km 45 x 45 km 45 x 45 km 45 x 45
km 45 x 45 km 45 x 45 km 45 x 45 km 45 x 45 km
Vertical Resolution
1 km below 700 mb 2 km 700-30 mb
2 km in troposphere
9
AIRS SURFACE TEMPERATURE
10
AIRS SURFACE TEMPERATURE
11
AIRS TOTAL WATER VAPOR
C. Thompson, E. Olsen
12
AIRS TOTAL WATER VAPOR
C. Thompson, E. Olsen
13
AIRS SUPPORTS CLIMATE STUDIES
CO
Monthly Temperature
Monthly H2O
Clouds
Ozone
SO2
Level 3 Products
Aerosols
14
AIRS RESEARCH PRODUCTS INCLUDE TRACE GASES

• Research Products
• Carbon Dioxide total column
• Carbon Monoxide total column
• Methane Distribution
• Ozone Vertical Distribution
• Other Trace Gasses (SO2,)
• Longwave Outgoing Radiation (Spectrally
  Resolved)
• Precipitation Index
• Detection and Characterization of Cirrus Clouds
• Demonstrate ability to determine liquid and
  solid precipitation in polar regions (with HSB)
• Climate Data Records
• Global Mapping of Lapse Rate
• Global Water Vapor Field
• Water Vapor Recycling Rate (With Lower
  Precipitation Data)
• Level 3 Products

15
AIRS movie
AIRS Clear Sky Temperature Jacobians for US
Standard atmosphere, 680 cm-1 lt v lt 900 cm-1,
Bad_Flag 0
? Sort channels by pressure of Jacobian peaks
By Dave Tobin of UW-Madison
16
AIRS nighttime granules over CONUS, 6 Sept 2002
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
Mouse click or page down to start movie
17
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
18
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
19
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
20
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
21
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
22
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
23
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
24
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
25
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
26
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
27
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
28
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
29
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
30
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
31
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
32
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
33
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
34
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
35
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
36
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
37
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
38
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
39
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
40
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
41
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
42
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
43
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
44
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
45
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
46
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
47
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
48
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
49
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
50
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
51
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
52
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
53
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
54
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
55
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
56
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
57
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
58
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
59
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
60
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
61
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
62
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
63
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
64
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
65
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
66
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
67
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
68
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
69
P (mbar)
Tb (K)
70
Unique Ice Cloud Vs. Dust Spectral Signature
Green clear sky Red dust layer from 1013
to 701.2 mb Blue dust layer from 900 to 600mb
Cirrus Clouds at Different Particle Sizes
of CH10km COT1.0 Std Atm. Ts288K
Dust Spectral Slope
Ice Cloud Spectral Slope
71
Dust and Cirrus Signals

• Both ice and silicate absorption small in 1200
  cm-1 window
• In the 800-1000 cm-1 atmospheric window
• Silicate index increases
• Ice index decreases
• with wavenumber

Volz, F.E. Infrared optical constant of
ammonium sulphate, Sahara Dust, volcanic pumice
and flash, Appl Opt 12 564-658 (1973)
wavenumber
72
Anatahan Volcano viewed with AIRS
Abs Scat Tot
Ash signal 1228-995 cm-1
SO2 signal 1284-1345 cm-1
Anatahan
10 May 2003 (1554 UT)
73
Infrared Sounder/Imager Synergism
Multi-spectral bands (VIS/NIR)
MODIS VIIRS AVHRR
AIRS IASI CrIS
Spectral coverage
Surface emissivity
Spectral resolution
74
AIRS spectrum and Aqua MODIS BandSpectral
Response Functions
MODIS Band / wavelength(mm)
36 / 14.2 35 / 13.9 34 / 13.7 33 /
13.4 32 / 12.0 31 / 11.0
30 / 11.0 29 / 9.7 28 / 7.3 27 /
6.8
25 / 4.5 24 / 4.4 23 / 4.1 22 /
4.0 21 / 4.0
wavenumber
75
AIRS Spatial Features Seen from MODIS
5 minutes
6 minutes
Inhomogeneous
Homogeneous
76
Why Synergy?

• Individual Sensor Measurement Information Content
  is unique but limited
• Each Sensor Data Have Inherited Spectral,
  Spatial, and Temporal Resolution
• All Sensor Measurements are Imperfect and
• Combined Sensor Measurement System yields
  Complementary Information Content

77
Why Synergy?
Water Vapor Profile Sounding Information Content
Surface AIRS and Skin Temperature Contrast
Non-unity Surface Emissivity
Temperature Lapse Rate
78
METOP-1 Instruments Fields of View
IASI AMSU-A MHS HIRS/4 AVHRR/3
79
(No Transcript)
80
Infrared Sounder
Water vapor mixing ratio Jacobian (U.S. standard
atmosphere)
81
Microwave Sounder
Water vapor mixing ratio Jacobian (U.S. standard
atmosphere)
82
Infrared Sounder
Temperature Jacobian (U.S. standard atmosphere)
83
Microwave Sounder
Temperature Jacobian (U.S. standard atmosphere)
84
650 independent clear retrievals over ocean
RH_RMS ()
T_RMS (K)
85
MODIS/AIRS Synergistic Single-Channel N
Cloud-Clearing General Principal
Or Q.C.
After Smith
86
AIRS/MODIS Synergistic Cloud-clearing Example
87
AIRS/MODIS Synergistic Cloud-clearing Example
88
Simulations of retrieval errors for broken cloud
(AIRS plus MODIS) and opaque overcast cloud (AIRS
only) conditions, obtained using the cloud
explicit retrieval method. Results for different
cloud altitudes and for the clear sky condition
are shown.
89
What is International Polar Orbiter Processing
Package (IPOPP) ?
The International Polar Orbiter Processing
Package is a software package that is critical to
the Direct Broadcast (DB) user community in its
transition from EOS to NPOESS. IPOPP will enable
the DB community to process, visualize, and
evaluate METOP-1 and NPP/NPOESS Sensor data
(Radiances, Reflectance, ) and Environmental
Data Records (products) which will be useful to
the community during the transition from the
Earth Observing System Era to the NPOESS and
METOP Era.
Detail about IPOPP will be presented by John
Overton On 415 pm Thursday
90
IPOPP Partial Product List

• True color atmospherically corrected images
• Single VIIRS FOV cloud mask and phase
• Cloud Infrared Properties
• Land Surface Reflectance
• Snow/Sea Ice Detection
• Scene Classification (Clouds and Land Surface)
• CrIS single FOV retrieval of temperature and
  moisture profiles
• CrIS/ATMS sounding EDR evaluation/validation.
• CrIS/VIIRS synergistic high spatial resolution
  cloud cleared radiances and retrievals
• Efficient and accurate CrIS/VIIRS/Others
  collocation
• Other high propriety non-core EDRs as identified
  by direct broadcast users.

91
EOS IMAPP NPP/NPOESS/METOP IPOPP- Continuing
Evolving Role

• Provide tools and services to support DB users
• Provide validated measurements products that DB
  users want
• And to conduct synergistic process to
• Provide value-added and performance enhanced
  products for the demands of achieving high
  quality information and knowledge
• Provide data/products inter-comparison as part of
  validation and calibration efforts

92
Cartago delenda est (By the way, Carthage
still must be destroyed)Marcus Cato, 200-220BC
By the way, We still must have all and the best
remote sensing data and products A DB user, 2005
Delenda est Carthago was the phrase used by Cato
the Elder at the end of every speech he gave
before the Roman senate. It means, literally,
"Carthage must be destroyed." Cato started the
practice after visiting Carthage in 157 B.C. he
saw the thriving Carthaginian economy and society
as well as their revolting practice of
consuming a mud-like concoction derived from
combining Pixie Sticks and Hi-C as a potential
threat to Rome. But Delenda est Carthago has
since taken on a proverbial meaning. According to
the Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable
Delenda est Carthago is now taken to mean, "That
which stands in the way of our greatness must be
destroyed."