Transformation of social policy in membercandidate countries Nick Manning University of Nottingham

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Transformation of social policy in
member/candidate countries Nick
ManningUniversity of Nottingham
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A note on data International
agencies TransMONEE - UNICEFNational
statisticsSurveysCase studies/ ethnography/
interviews time quasi-panels
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Which states?First waveIreland (1973),
Greece (1981), and Spain and Portugal (1986)
Second waveEstonia, Latvia, Lithuania,
Poland, Czech, Hungary, Slovakia, Slovenia, Malta
and Cyprus (2004) Current waveTurkey,
Bulgaria, Romania and Croatia
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What is social policy?productionreproduction
solidarity and legitimation
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What is social policy in the EU?Early years
production (eg education)1980s solidarity (eg
poverty, gender equality)Compare OECD
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What is social policy in the EU?Three (four,
or five) worlds of welfare capitalismorEuropea
n Social Model
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What is social policy in the EU? Three
logics of EU social policy distribution
(regional policy and regional funds) regulation
(institutional/capacity building)efficiency
(economic alignment and integration) (Delhey
2001)
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How does social policy change?The nation
state - economic factors - political factors
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How does social policy change?Beyond the
nation state International Monetary
Fund (UK 1976) World Bank (Pensions in
CEEurope) EU (solidarity) USSR (state
regulated egalitarianism)
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How does social policy change in the
EU?adaptive pressures (EU/international
organisations) domestic structure ????
capabilities and constraints Guillén and Palier
(2004) Caporaso et al (2001)
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How does social policy change in the EU?
direct influences -directives - acquis in
the Copenhagen criteria indirect
influences - non-binding recommendations -
open method of coordination - incentives
(structural and cohesion funds) - cognitive
Europeanization Radaelli (2000)
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 Poland elite views civil/mass society
views EU Candidate (Önis
(2004)
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 Turkey (1990s) elite views civil/mass
society views EU - - Candidate
/- -(Önis (2004)
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A comparison of enlargementsCatch up ?? In
the EU 15, the ratio between the richest and the
poorest country is 2.51 (Luxembourg vs.
Greece). With the candidates of the so-called
1998 group, the ratio will double and with
the candidates of the 2000 group, the ratio
will triple. (Delhey (2001 208)
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Spain cognitive Europeanization 1980s
expansion 1990s rationalisation
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CEEurope regulatory distance extant
welfare states Washington consensus
Americanisation or Europeanisation?
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Ireland resource redistribution EUs
greatest success story EU as springboard
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Malta culture versus implementation
clientalist politics Church dominates the
state gender equality in theory and practice
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Conclusion change processesaccession
enlargement elites civil society core
periphery funding support regulation social
policy outcomescitizen worker formal
substantialproduction solidarity