Chapter Sixteen

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Chapter Sixteen

• Adolescence
• Psychosocial Development

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The Self and Identity

• Erikson ? Identity Achievement vs Role Confusion
• Identity Statuses
• Identity Achievement
• Willing to go through crises
• Willing to commit to future goals

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• Foreclosure
• Unwilling to go through crises
• Willing to commit to future
• Identity Diffusion
• Unwilling to go through crises
• Unwilling to commit to future
• Moratorium
• Willing to go through crises
• Unwilling to commit to future

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• Society and Identity
• Finding identity is affected by cultural forces
• Provides values that are long lasting
• Provides structure and customs that ease
  transition into adulthood

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Family and Friends

• Parents
• Generation gap
• Loosen ties to family
• Need to become psychologically separate
• Generational stake

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• Parent-Adolescent Conflict
• Bickering petty, peevish arguing, ongoing and
  repeated
• Adolescents believe they should have privileges
  of adult status
• Timing of problems is cultural
• Other cultures, timing may be later

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• Other Family Qualities
• Communication
• Support
• Connectiveness
• Control
• Parental monitoring

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• Peers
• Self-help group
• Support each other when questioning adult
  standards and authority
• Help to define who they are not (identity
  formation)
• Values clarification

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• Peer Pressure
• Pressure to conform strong- till age 14
• Peer-group conformity can be positive
• Peer standards are not necessary negative

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• Peer Group for Immigrants
• Bicultural conflict
• May give in to parental control(girls)
• May join a delinquent group (boys)
• Establishing ethnic identity is not easy

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• Gender Merge Boys and Girls Together
• Friendships
• Romantic relationships
• True intimacy

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Suicide

• Four reasons we believe rate is high
• Triple the rate of 40 years ago
• Adolescents and young adults may be one category
• It is shocking and grabs attention
• Social prejudice considers teenagersproblems

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• Suicidal Ideation
• Thinking about it is common
• Parasuicide
• Deliberate act of self-destruction that does not
  end in death

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• Suicide depends on
• Availability of lethal means, especially guns
• Parental supervision
• Alcohol and other drugs
• Gender
• Attitudes in culture

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Breaking the Law

• Incidence and Prevalence
• Incidence how often
• Prevalence how widespread
• Juvenile Delinquency
• Greatest period of illegal activity

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