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Serving Physical Handicapped Children

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The common types of disabilities. Cerebral palsy (????/??) Muscular dystrophy ... Be sure that the occupant has fasten the seat belt while doing ALL activities ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Serving Physical Handicapped Children


1
Serving Physical Handicapped Children Youth
  • Barbara Chan
  • Occupational Therapist I
  • Prince of Wales Hospital

2
Planned activity ......
3
The common types of disabilities
  • Cerebral palsy (????/??)
  • Muscular dystrophy (??????/ ????)
  • Spina Bifida(???)
  • Brain injury(???)
  • Others Hydrocephalus, epilepsy, brittle bone,
    congenital heart disease, tumor, burns,
    congenital abnormalities

4
Guess ......
A.??? B.??? C.???? D.???
5
Guess ......
6
Clients
  • Understand the common types of disability
  • Accept and consider disability
  • Understand abilities and disabilities
  • Knowing how to communicate and play with them

7
Major problems
  • Impaired motor control
  • In-coordination problems
  • Tonal problems
  • Joint contractures deformities
  • Skeletal malformation
  • Muscle weakness

8
Associated problems
  • Cognitive impairment
  • Visual / auditory problems
  • Oral motor dysfunction
  • Communication problems (speech problems)
  • Drooling
  • Feeding problems
  • Behavioral problems

9
Strength
  • Normal to moderate IQ
  • Varied physical abilities
  • Same as normal children

10
Communication with Children
  • Introduce yourself and give the reason for you
    are being there.
  • Call the child by name when giving direction or
    interacting with the child.
  • When meeting or interacting with the child, bend
    or stoop so that you are on eye level with the
    child.
  • When speaking to a child, use words and tone of
    voice that will help the child feel confident and
    reassured.

11
Communication with Children
  • Listen to the child. Respect the childs
    response and view.
  • Observe the child carefully. Body language will
    tell you a lot about the childs mood or fears.
  • Always remember that the child may have
    misunderstanding or worries that you may not have
    thought about.
  • Each child will be different with special
    interests, likes or dislikes. You will need to
    find out the childs interest to help you
    communicate.
  • The least lovable child needs the most love.

12
Do ......
  • Give a child a choice when there is a choice.
  • Allow child to be independent with minimal help.
    Give verbal encouragement and make sure he or she
    has opportunity to try.
  • Give positive reinforcement.
  • State suggestion or direction in a positive
    rather than a negative form. (refrain from saying
    dont)
  • When setting limit, clearly define what you mean
    and be consistent.

13
Dont ......
  • Avoid using negative attitude as tool for
    redirecting behavior. Never use words which make
    the child feels less respect such as blaming,
    shaming or making him feel guilty, e.g. only
    babies cry, be good.
  • Do not promise a child anything you are not
    absolutely sure will happen. If you make a
    promise, be sure you are able to do it.
  • Be professional. Do not discuss the child in
    front of another child. Do not discuss the child
    in public place.
  • When commenting on childs creativity, avoid
    words like what is it? Instead use words like
    what beautiful color you used?

14
Clients
  • How many clients involved?
  • Selected some or all participated
  • Consider the age, IQ level, physical abilities
    and disabilities (need walking aids / wheel-chair
    users / special seating system proper handling
    of wheel-chairs both manual and electric
    wheel-chairs, proper transfer to sit)
  • Special needs (food reinforcement ......)

15
Volunteers
  • How many volunteers involved?
  • How to distribute duties among volunteers?
  • Assign somebody to handle problematic child
    during activity

16
Resources - environment
  • Space
  • Enough space for activity
  • Enough space for wheel-chair users
  • Available facilities (furniture or equipment)
  • Accessibility wheel-chair users, those with
    walking aids and special seating system, access
    to toilet

17
Handling the Wheelchairs
  • Ajax Lau

18
  • Manual wheelchair
  • Power wheelchair

19
Safety Wheelchair Handling
  • Safety and Handling of the wheelchair requires
    the close attention of the wheelchair user as
    well as the assistant
  • Be sure that the occupant has fasten the seat
    belt while doing ALL activities
  • Notes to Wheelchair Assistant
  • Keep your back straight and bend your knees
    whenever tilting wheelchair or traversing curbs
    or other impediments
  • Be aware of detachable parts such as arms or leg
    rests. These must NEVER be used to move the
    wheelchair or as lifting supports, as they may be
    inadvertently released, resulting in possible
    injury to the user and/or assistant

20
Wheelchair Manipulation
  • Folding frame
  • Swing away footrest
  • With both hands, grasp the middle of the seat
    upholstery at the front and back edge and lift up
  • Unfolding frame
  • Push downward on the top of the seat rail

21
  • Tilt-in-Space System
  • Engage wheel lock
  • Inform occupant
  • Pull up on the trigger release levers to release
    the tilt mechanism from the tilt slide
  • SLOWLY, push down on the back canes

22
Reaching, Leaning Bending
  • DO NOT attempt to reach objects if you have to
    move forward in the seat or pick them up from the
    floor by reaching down between your knees.

23
Kerb Climbing
  • Place foot on the step tube and begin to tilt the
    wheelchair toward you. Apply a continuous
    downward motion until the balance point is
    achieved and the front casters clear the curb

24
  • The first assistant should stand on the sidewalk
    and turn the wheelchair so that the rear wheels
    are against the curb
  • The wheelchair should be tilted back to the
    balance point and, in one continuous upward
    movement, the rear wheels should be pulled up and
    over the curb.
  • DO NOT return the front casters to the ground
    until the wheelchair has been pulled backward far
    enough for the front casters to clear the edge of
    the curb

25
Planned activities
  • Developmental age appropriate
  • Fun and playful
  • Safety issue
  • Coping i.e. the client manages and gets rewarding
    result from it.
  • Success It builds confidence and the desire to
    try something a bit harder next time. Does the
    activity allows a high rate of success to be
    achieved by the client?

26
Needs of the Child
27
Relationship between physical handicapped
children and planned activities
Passive
High
Participation of clients
Number of volunteers involved
Low
Active
28
Some suggestion on adapting for specific
disabilities
29
Some suggestion on adapting for specific
disabilities
30
Discussion
  • Q1 Suggest an activity for physical handicapped
    children
  • Q2 Suggest an activity for mental handicapped
    children
  • Q3 Suggest an activity for children with visual
    impairment
  • Q4 Suggest an activity for children with hearing
    problem
  • Q5 Suggest an activity for children with
    communication problem (can understand simple
    command but can not verbally express himself)

31
Pass the parcel (Visual impairment)
32
Pass the parcel (Visual impairment)
33
When the cloth is putting down ....... (Physical
handicapped)
34
When the cloth is putting down .......
(Physically handicapped)
35
How to handle ......
  • Case 1 During activity, a child cries ......
  • Case 2 Suddenly, a child has epilepsy ......
  • Case 3 Two children fighting ......
  • Case 4 One of the children lost ......

36
Handling behavior
37
Handling behavior
38
Any questions?
39
Some suggestion
  • ?????? embhsc.hkedcity.net/spsp
  • ?????? www.ort.cuhk.edu.hk/seating
  • ?????? www.spastic.org.hk
  • ??????????? www.fsma.org.hk
  • ?????????? www.spinalbifida.org.hk
  • Search information on planning activities from
    libraries or book stores
  • Approach and discuss with special school
    occupational therapist
  • Special needs or behavioral problems of
    individual children
  • Activities
  • Appropriate or not ?
  • Any special arrangement ?

40
Thank You!
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