Project BioBus 2004

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Project BioBus 2004
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Energy Consumption in the United States

• The US is responsible for 1/4 of the worlds
  total energy consumption
• Total US petroleum consumption (2003)
• 7.2 billion barrels/year
• Diesel fuel makes up 21 of all fuel consumed on
  roads in the US

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Why We Need An Alternative

• Finite resource
• Foreign energy dependence
• Human health
• Pollution

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old diesel
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Biodiesel!
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Biodiesel

• Made from vegetable oil
• Virgin soybean oil
• Waste fryer oil
• Works in all diesel combustion engines
• Works at any concentration (e.g. B20)
• Requires NO engine modifications!
• Biodiesel is a registered fuel
• Meets ASTM standards
• Registered by the EPA
• ONLY alternative fuel to meet 1990 Clean Air Act
  requirements

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How Biodiesel is made

• Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and Methanol are added to
  the vegetable oil.
• This replaces the glycerol cap with a methyl cap.
  
• Glycerin is a by-product.

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How Does Biodiesel Compare

• Emissions Reductions
• Performance
• Economics
• Energy Independence

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Emissions Reductions

• Diesel contains 40 chemicals listed as hazardous
  air pollutants
• Carbon Monoxide - 48
• Particulate matter - 47
• PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) - 85

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Emissions Reductions (cont.)

• Sulfur -100
• Hydrocarbons -67
• CO2 -78 (lifecycle)

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Diesel School Buses

• 600,000 diesel school buses 24 million students
• Studies
• Air inside buses was 23-43x the levels considered
  to be a significant cancer risk
• Particulate emissions were 5-15x higher than
  ambient air
• Note
• For your countys air quality see
• http//www.scorecard.org

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Keep your diesel engine

• Biodiesel works in diesel engines WITHOUT
  modification!
• Rudolph Diesel designed the original diesel
  engine to run on vegetable oil

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Biodiesel vs. Diesel

• Performance
• Slightly reduced total energy (BTUs)
• Higher cetane level
• Similar fuel economy, power and torque
• Increased lubricity 2 biodiesel will give
  desired levels of lubricity

Recommended Wear Scar
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Life Cycle Analysis

• Energy Balance Ratios
• (Energy in vs. Energy out)
• Diesel 15
• Biodiesel 14

1 gallon of crude oil ? .83 gallons of diesel
or 1 gallon of
crude oil ? 3.2 gallons of biodiesel
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Biodiesel vs. Diesel

• Less toxic than table salt
• Biodegrades faster than sugar
• Higher flash point safer to store
• Cold weather issues
• cold filter plugging point
• At common blends, increases 3-5 degrees F
• Fuel additives

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Economics

• Infrastructure exists
• Current price differences
• Market size
• Legislation
• Support American agriculture
• Engine benefits

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The Real Cost of Oil

• Health Costs
• - Respiratory ailments
• - Cancer
• Environmental Costs
• - Cleaning oil spills
• - Air quality
• - Global climate change
• Economic Costs
• - Macroeconomic disruptions
• - Protecting foreign energy interests
• Subsidies
• - Research and development
• - Resource extraction
• 2.50 more than at the pump!

Source National Geographic, data from Energy
Information Administration, the American
Petroleum Institute and Ian Parry (Hidden Gas
Costs)
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Oil Dependence
Source National Geographic, data from EIA-DOE
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Biodiesel in the US

• Current production of biodiesel is growing
  exponentially
• 1999 500,000 gallons
• 2003 25 million gallons
• Soybean production One of the World leaders
• 75 million acres
• Only 50-60 gallons per acre
• Potential Production
• Other plants
• Canola over 100 gallons per acre
• Algae
• Increased acreage - idle croplands

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Dont Waste Your Waste

• 3 billion gallons of waste oil per year
• Fast food restaurants
• Your schools dining facilities

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Who Is Using Biodiesel

• Harvard University
• The US Military
• Yellowstone National Park
• Boulder, CO
• Clark County Public School District, NV

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What You Can Do

• Bringing biodiesel to your school

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What You Can Run On Biodiesel

• School buses
• Maintenance equipment
• Furnaces
• Generators
• Diesel cars and trucks

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How To Get Biodiesel

• Make your own!
• FuelmeisterTM
• 60-70 cents a gallon
• Buy from your local distributor
• Yokayo Biofuels
• Ukiah
• Local Co-Ops
• Sebastopol
• Berkeley
• Biofuel Oasis
• Berkeley

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Overcoming The Additional Cost

• Fundraising Strategies
• Small scale local initiatives
• Foundations
• Government grants

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Next StepsInitiating Change

• Form a Biodiesel Club
• Curriculum Integration
• Independent Project and Research
• Community Service Project
• TAKE CHARGE

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www.projectbiobus.com
CONTACT US Info_at_projectbiobus.co
m We Want To Help!