Magic Pen Energy Game

1
Energy
Magic Pen Energy Game (http//www.miniclip.com/gam
es/en/) Hydroelectric Video (http//www.youtube.c
om/watch?vhtT_8sFJx1w) Solar Power
Video (http//www.youtube.com/watch?v91UKEOLf-VM)
Solar Heating (http//www.southface.org/solar/so
lar-roadmap/solar_how-to/solar-how_solar_works.htm
) Solar Cooling (http//www.consumerenergycenter.
org/home/heating_cooling/evaporative.html)
2
MatterVirginia Department of EducationStandards
of LearningGrades 3-5

• Hollins Elementary Science Institute for
  TeachersHollins UniversityJune 30, 2008Dr.
  Daniel R. Derringer

3
Relevant Standards
Standard 3.3 The student will investigate and
understand that objects are made of materials
that can be described by their physical
properties. Key concepts include a) objects are
made of one or more materials b) materials are
composed of parts that are too small to be seen
without magnification c) physical properties
remain the same as the material is reduced in
size.
4
Relevant Standards
Standard 5.4 The student will investigate and
understand that matter is anything that has mass,
takes up space, and occurs as a solid, liquid, or
gas. Key concepts include a) atoms, elements,
molecules, and compounds b) mixtures including
solutions and c) the effect of heat on the
states of matter.
5
Classification of Matter
6
Classification of Matter
Glossary Matter Anything that occupies space
and has mass.
Brown, T. L. LeMay, H. E. Bursten, B. E.
Burdge, J. R. Chemistry, The Central Science
Prentice Hall New Jersey, 2003.
7
Classification of Matter
8
Classification of Matter
Glossary Matter Anything that occupies space
and has mass. Mixture A combination of two or
more substances in which each substances retains
its own chemical identity. Pure Substance
Matter that has a fixed composition and distinct
properties. Brown, T.
L. LeMay, H. E. Bursten, B. E. Burdge, J. R.
Chemistry, The Central Science Prentice Hall
New Jersey, 2003.
9
Classification of Matter
Mixture or Pure Substance?
10
Classification of Matter
Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee
MIXTURE
11
Classification of Matter
Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola
MIXTURE
12
Classification of Matter
Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Mil
k
MIXTURE
13
Classification of Matter
Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Mil
k Sugar
PURE SUBSTANCE
14
Classification of Matter
Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Mil
k Sugar Salt
PURE SUBSTANCE
15
Classification of Matter
Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Mil
k Sugar Salt Water
PURE SUBSTANCE
16
Classification of Matter
Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Mil
k Sugar Salt Water Air
MIXTURE
17
Classification of Matter
Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Mil
k Sugar Salt Water Air Brass
MIXTURE
18
Classification of Matter
Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Mil
k Sugar Salt Water Air Brass Bronze
MIXTURE
19
Classification of Matter
Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Mil
k Sugar Salt Water Air Brass Bronze Granite
MIXTURE
20
Classification of Matter
21
Classification of Matter
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous?
22
Classification of Matter
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee
HOMOGENEOUS
23
Classification of Matter
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Coca-Cola
HOMOGENEOUS
24
Classification of Matter
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Coca-Cola
Milk
HETEROGENEOUS
25
Classification of Matter
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Coca-Cola
Milk Air
HOMOGENEOUS
26
Classification of Matter
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Coca-Cola
Milk Air Brass
HOMOGENEOUS
27
Classification of Matter
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Coca-Cola
Milk Air Brass Bronze
HOMOGENEOUS
28
Classification of Matter
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Coca-Cola
Milk Air Brass Bronze Granite
HETEROGENEOUS
29
Classification of Matter
30
Classification of Matter
Glossary Matter Anything that occupies space
and has mass. Mixture A combination of two or
more substances in which each substances retains
its own chemical identity. Pure Substance
Matter that has a fixed composition and distinct
properties. Compound A substance composed of
two or more elements united chemically in
definite proportions. Element A substance that
cannot be separated into simpler substances by
chemical means. Brown, T.
L. LeMay, H. E. Bursten, B. E. Burdge, J. R.
Chemistry, The Central Science Prentice Hall
New Jersey, 2003.
31
Classification of Matter
Time-Life Periodic Table of the
Elements Lenntech Periodic Table
32
Classification of Matter
33
Classification of Matter
Glossary Matter Anything that occupies space
and has mass. Mixture A combination of two or
more substances in which each substances retains
its own chemical identity. Pure Substance
Matter that has a fixed composition and distinct
properties. Compound A substance composed of
two or more elements united chemically in
definite proportions. Element A substance that
cannot be separated into simpler substances by
chemical means. Atom The smallest
representative particle of an element.
Brown, T. L. LeMay, H. E. Bursten, B.
E. Burdge, J. R. Chemistry, The Central
Science Prentice Hall New Jersey, 2003.
34
Classification of Matter
35
Classification of Matter
Glossary Matter Anything that occupies space
and has mass. Mixture A combination of two or
more substances in which each substances retains
its own chemical identity. Pure Substance
Matter that has a fixed composition and distinct
properties. Compound A substance composed of
two or more elements united chemically in
definite proportions. Element A substance that
cannot be separated into simpler substances by
chemical means. Atom The smallest
representative particle of an element. Electron
A negatively charged subatomic particle found
outside the atomic nucleus. Nucleus The very
small, very dense, positively charged portion of
the atom it is composed of protons and
neutrons. Brown, T. L. LeMay, H. E.
Bursten, B. E. Burdge, J. R. Chemistry, The
Central Science Prentice Hall New Jersey, 2003.
36
Classification of Matter
37
Classification of Matter
Glossary Matter Anything that occupies space
and has mass. Mixture A combination of two or
more substances in which each substances retains
its own chemical identity. Pure Substance
Matter that has a fixed composition and distinct
properties. Compound A substance composed of
two or more elements united chemically in
definite proportions. Element A substance that
cannot be separated into simpler substances by
chemical means. Atom The smallest
representative particle of an element. Electron
A negatively charged subatomic particle found
outside the atomic nucleus. Nucleus The very
small, very dense, positively charged portion of
the atom it is composed of protons and
neutrons. Proton A positively charged
subatomic particle found in the nucleus of the
atom. Neutron An electrically neutral particle
found in the nucleus of an atom. Isotopes
Atoms of the same element containing different
numbers of neutrons. Brown, T. L. LeMay, H.
E. Bursten, B. E. Burdge, J. R. Chemistry, The
Central Science Prentice Hall New Jersey, 2003.
38
Atomic Dimensions
Approximately how many atoms of copper are
present in a 3-g pre-1982 penny?
atomic weight of copper
63.546 g (for every mole of copper atoms)
One mole of anything is equivalent to 6.02 X 1023
? Cu atoms is approximately 3 X 1022
39
Atomic Dimensions
How high would a stack of pennies be if it
contained 3 X 1022 pre-1982 pennies?
The height of one penny is approximately 1 mm.
The stack would be 3 X 1022 mm high.
What is this height in miles?
The average distance to the moon is approximately
240,000 mi.
There are approximately 7 X 109 people in this
world.
40
Atomic Dimensions
41
Atomic Dimensions
C p x D
1.7 mi 3.14 x D
D 0.54 mi
42
Atomic Dimensions
The diameter of an average size atom is
approximately 10-8 m.
The diameter of an average size nucleus is
approximately 10-13 m.
Given these magnitudes, what would the diameter
of a nucleus be, if the the diameter of the atom
were 0.54 mi?
43
Atomic Dimensions
The approximate mass of a piece of nuclear matter
this size would be
250 million tons!