Immunity

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Immunity
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Kochs Rules

• Identify pathogen (disease causing agent)
• Grow only the pathogen in a petri dish, no other
  organism
• After growth, the pathogen is injected into test
  animal- must cause original disease

• Remove pathogen again, grow in petri dish again,
  compare to original pathogen- When they match,
  you can conclude that pathogen caused the disease
  

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Kochs Rules
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Keeping clean
In the 1800s more patients died than survived
during surgery.
Disinfectants kill pathogens on objects.
Antiseptics kill pathogens on skin.
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Communicable diseases

• A disease that is spread from one organism to
  another

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Noncommunicable diseases

• Diseases that are not caused by pathogens.
  Theses diseases are not passed from one organism
  to another.

Examples Diabetes Allergies Asthma Cancer Heart
Disease
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Immune system defenses

• Non specific first (skin) and second
  (inflammatory response) line of defenses are
  effective against many different kinds of
  pathogens
• Specific third line (white blood cells) are
  effective against a specific pathogen

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Your Immune System A complex group of defenses
that your body has to fight disease.

• Respiratory system-
• Cilia (small hairs) and mucus to trap foreign
  organisms or antigens.

Digestive system- Stomach chemicals to kill
foreign organisms.
Circulatory system- White blood cells eat foreign
organisms.
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Organs of the immune system

• Blood
• Lymphatic system
• Tonsils
• Thymus gland
• Spleen

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The Lymphatic System

• Major role in the immune system.
• Produces, stores, and circulate white blood
  cells.
• Lymphfluid in the lymphatic system
• Lymph nodesareas of concentrated lymph vessels

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Antibody production
1.Recognition 3.
Disposal 2. Mobilization
4. Immunity
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Two types of defenses
ACTIVE IMMUNITY when your own body makes the
antibodies to the antigen.
PASSIVE IMMUNITY when antibodies are produced
in another animal and placed in your body.
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Diseases

• Allergies when the immune system reacts to a
  harmless chemical as if it were an antigen
• Autoimmune immune system mistakes its own
  cells for pathogens
• HIV human immunodeficiency virus
• Vaccinesdead or weakened pathogen that is
  designed to increase the bodys immunity