1 Health and Safety Management

1
1Health and Safety Management

• Domestic Arrangements
• Outline of training session
• Presented by Vincent Theobald
• University Safety Office
• 1 Park Terrace
• Tel. 6274

2
2Outline of Session

• What is Management
• The Management Cycle
• Management Tools
• Safety Legislation
• Safety Management Law with examples
• What the University expects for Safety Management

3
3What is Management

• Manage
• Conduct undertaking
• Organise, regulate, be manager of, take charge of
• Manageable
• That can be managed, easily controlled, wielded,
  accomplished
• Management
• Administration of business concerns or public
  undertakings
• Persons engaged in (governing body, board of
  directors etc.)
• Managing
• having executive control or authority

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4The Management Cycle
5
5Management Tools

• Policy, Local Rules
• Risk Assessment
• Inspection Audit
• Method Statements Emergency Plans
• Guidance Training
• Investigation

6
6Main Legislation

• Health Safety at Work etc.. Act 1974.
• Management of Health and Safety at Work
• Regulations 1999.
• These replace the 1992 version.

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7Other Legislation requiring RAs

• Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment)
  Regulations 1992.
• Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992.
• Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations
  1992.
• Construction Design Management Regulations
  1994.
• Fire Precautions (Workplace) Regulations 1997.
• The Control of Lead at Work Regulations 1998.
• Provision and Use or Work Equipment Regulations
  1998.
• The Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations 2002.

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8 Regulation 3Risk Assessment

• Suitable and Sufficient assessment of
• - risks to employees at work
• - risks to others affected by the undertaking
• to ensure statutory requirements are complied
  with.
• Review as appropriate.
• Record in writing.
• Risk Assessment must use the Principals of
  Prevention detailed which are-

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9Principals of Prevention

• a) Avoiding risks.
• b) Evaluating the risks which cannot be avoided.
• c) Combating the risks at source.
• d) Adapting the work to the individual.
• e) Adapting the technical progress.
• f) Replacing the dangerous by the less or
  non-dangerous.
• g) Developing a coherent overall prevention
  Policy.
• h) Giving collective protective measures priority
  over individual protective measures.
• i) Giving appropriate instructions to employees.

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10Stages of Risk Assessment

• 1 Identify hazards for the task / activity /
  situation
• 2 Identify those exposed or particularly at risk.
• 3a Consider the severity of harm and likelihood
  of it happening then evaluate the risk.
• 3b Consider suitable risk control measures
  including both additional and existing controls.
• 3c If necessary go back to the beginning, and
  keep on reconsidering until the controls are
  adequate.
• Record whatever is necessary
• Review the assessment when necessary

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11Stages of Risk Control

• Undertake a risk assessment.
• Provide training/information as necessary.
• Implement risk control measures.
• Ensure staff understand the controls.
• Monitor the measures.
• Review and introduce any corrective actions.

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12Cases and Guidance

• Prosecutions are common for failing to undertake
  a Risk Assessment. See the on line enforcement
  databases at www.hse.gov.uk/enforce/index.htm
• The HSE Five Steps to Risk Assessment booklet is
  on line at www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg163.pdf
• There is a University Safety Office Risk
  Assessment course.
• Risk Assessment guidance is also on the HSE
  website at www.hse.gov.uk/risk/index.htm

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13Cases UMIST Prosecuted

• UMIST Prosecuted and fined 18,500 on 25/2/03
• A pressure vessel, designed and manufactured
  in-house in the dept. of electrical engineering
  and electronics at UMIST was being pneumatically
  leak tested when a sight glass failed after
  excessive pressure was inadvertently applied to
  the vessel. No-one was injured although a
  technician standing in the immediate vicinity
  could have been seriously or even fatally injured
  had he been standing in front of the vessel
  instead of behind it at the moment of explosion.
• 3,500 of the fine was for a breach of Reg. 3 of
  the Management Regs.

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14Cases UEA Prosecuted

• UEA Prosecuted and fined 3,500 on 4/3/04
• A member of the public was swimming in the Sports
  park swimming pool with friends. It was a lane
  swimming session. Another swimmer alerted the
  lifeguard indicating that there was a person on
  the bottom of the pool. The lifeguard rescued the
  person from the pool bottom but the casualty died
  a few days later in hospital. The case was
  brought because the risk assessment which
  indicated that only one lifeguard was required
  was not suitable and sufficient. At least two
  lifeguards were required for a 50m pool. This
  deficiency may have contributed to the death of
  the swimmer.

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15 Regulation 5Arrangements

• Requirement to make appropriate health and
  safety arrangements for the effective planning,
  organisation, control, monitoring and review of
  preventive and protective measures.
• These are to be recorded in writing.
• Examples include
• Safety Policy, Risk Assessments, Emergency
  Plans, records of training, Method Statements,
  and more ...

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16HSG (65)

• This has become the International Standard for
  the measurement of safety management.
• Five key areas are
• Policy
• OrganisationControl, Co-operation Communication,
  Competence
• Planning Setting StandardsRisk Assessment,
  Risk Control, Standard Setting, Safety Plans
• Measuring PerformanceReactive, Remedial, Review
• Monitoring Reviewing Performance

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17Enforcement Action London

• An Improvement Notice was issued against the
  University of London under Regulation 5.
• Regulation 5 Management of Health and Safety at
  Work Regulations 1999, Regulation 5 Control of
  Asbestos at Work Regulations 1987. Shortcomings
  in management arrangements for preventing /
  controlling exposure of employees to asbestos.
• This was served 30/7/02 with a compliance date of
  14/1/03 and was complied with.

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18Enforcement Action Bristol

• An Improvement Notice was issued against the
  University of Bristol under Regulation 5.
• Failure to have suitable arrangements in place
  for the effective planning, organisation and
  control of preventative and protective measures
  required during research activities.
• This was served 30/11/01 with a compliance date
  of 28/2/02 and was complied with.

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19 Regulation 6Health Surveillance

• To undertake such health surveillance as is
  appropriate when risk assessments identify it
  to be needed.
• Again this needs to be recorded.
• Health Surveillance also needs to be overseen by
  competent suitably medically qualified persons.
• The University has an in house Occupational
  Health Practitioner service for this function.

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20Work related Asthma

• Common causes include-
• - exposure to chemicals - such as isocyanates,
  solder fume
• - exposure to lab animals - especially rodents
  and insects.
• - egs latex exposure (gloves) and Scampi
  Peelers Asthma.
• Solutions would include-
• - Removing the cause.
• - Local exhaust ventilation.
• - Respirators.
• Occupational Health monitoring can-
• - Prevent things getting worse.
• - Identify people at particular risk.

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21- Regulation 7Competent Resources

• To have Health and Safety assistance that is
  competent and adequately resourced to provide
  advice on aspects of Health and Safety.
• Also where Health and Safety aspects are part of
  a persons job role they must have adequate time
  to fulfil this function.
• Proper full communication of risks is required
  when external persons are fulfilling health and
  safety functions - e.g. design for
  labs/buildings, fire Risk Assessments etc.

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22What is a Competent Person?

• A Competent Person is one who is practical and
  reasonable and who knows what to look for and how
  to recognise it.
• This may be from experience and/or training and
  qualification.
• Competency should be able to be demonstrated in
  all necessary fields for the task(s) in hand.
• A Competent Person in one field may not be
  competent in another field, or at a more detailed
  level.

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23Enforcement Action Leicester

• An Improvement Notice was issued against the
  University of Leicester under Regulation 7 and
  COSHH.
• SG/ respiratory sensitisers inspection project.
  Improvement Notice COSHH HS, MHSW HS (OH )
  assistance
• This was served 25/6/02 with a compliance date of
  30/9/02 and was complied with.

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24 Regulation 8Emergency Procedures

• Procedures required for serious and imminent
  danger and danger areas.
• These include having competent persons to
  implement procedures, e.g. fire / emergency
  evacuation, control of chemical / biological
  spillages etc.
• Staff must be aware of dangers present and
• the precautions needed to prevent it and
• the actions needed to control incidents.

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25Fire Precautions

• A special case - also required by the Fire
  Precautions Act and the Fire Precautions
  (Workplace) Regulations.
• Must have evacuation alarm.
• Must have defined evacuation procedure.
• Must have means of checking for complete
  evacuation/assistance for those needing
  assistance.
• Must have additional precautions for egress of
  disabled where necessary.
• Must train staff to follow procedures.
• Must record training (including drills).
• Must review procedures to check that they work.

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26 Regulation 10Information

• Information for employees to be provided on
• - Health and Safety Risks identified by
  assessment.
• - Preventive and Protective measures.
• - Procedures for fire evacuation etc.
• - Identity of fire wardens etc.
• - Risks transferred from other persons
  undertakings.
• Before employing children and young persons take
  additional precautions to control and communicate
  risk information.

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27Means of providing information

• Risk Assessment provided to competent lab
  workers.
• Training on starting new job / using new machine.
• Drills to practice routine emergency precautions.
• Notice boards/posters.
• Warning signs.
• Notes on pay-slips.
• Examples of others?

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28 Regulation 11Communication

• Must co-operate and communicate with other
  employers or self employed where share premises,
  have staff temporarily working on anothers
  premises including contractors.
• Example of Associated Octell case.

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29Associated Octel

• Large vessel needed repairing. This is a
  specialist job (and filthy) so a Contractor is
  engaged.
• Workers have to clean vessel as part of repairs.
• Company not tell Contractor of risk of flammable
  fumes.
• Tools and lights caused sparks.
• The resultant fire and explosion seriously burned
  the workers in the tank (source House of Lords
  Judgement document).
• Record high fine at that time.

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30Exercise

• What hazards can you identify for a Contractor
  working in your workplace?
• What precautions should you take?
• What communications should be made?

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31 Regulation 13Training

• Individuals capabilities to be taken into
  account.
• Especially on being recruited.
• Especially on changes of risk, responsibilities,
  introduction of new equipment, changes to work
  system.
• Training must be repeated if needed e.g. annual
  drills
• Training and information to be adapted to suit
  circumstances.
• Training to take place during working hours.

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32Woodworking Machine Shop

• Two people trained to use same type of
  woodworking machine. One in an ordinary shop,
  one in a rehabilitation/sheltered workshop.
• Q. who takes longer to train and why?
• Two years on who will be at greater risk and why?
• Who will adapt to changes most readily?
• Do capabilities make a difference?

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33Additional Provisions

• There are additional provisions for
• Employees to communicate with each other to
  protect against serious danger
• Assuring the qualifications of temporary workers
• Supplementary Risk Assessments for new or
  expectant mothers
• Protection of young persons (below 18 years old)
• Liability cannot be defended against on the basis
  that the fault was an employee or appointed
  persons - the Employer is still liable.
• Civil liability exists for Young Persons and for
  Risk Assessments for New and Expectant Mothers.

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34Young Persons

• Young persons are those under 18 years of age.
• Children are persons under the age of School
  Leaving.
• Both are protected by additional requirements
  under the Management Regulations and other
  legislation.
• The reasons are that they are
• More Likely to have an accident
• Less mature and often react or act in unwanted
  ways
• More likely to be injured or harmed than an adult
  from the same accident or exposure to a substance
• Require additional training and information and
  supervision.

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35New and Expectant Mothers

• Additional precautions and specific Risk
  Assessments are require because the mother and
  the child are both at elevated risk from some
  workplace hazards.
• There is HSE guidance on this issue which is
  detailed and very well written. It is on line at
  www.hse.gov.uk/mothers/index.htm
• The University requires specific risk assessments
  and also prohibits work with some chemicals and
  some radiation risks.

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36What else applies

• The Management Regulations provide a framework
  which is added to by numerous other regulations
  and requirements.
• Additional Guidance exists in the ACOP (2002
  edition)
• The HSE requires employers to manage safety and
  health related issues. Failure to do so is
  routinely provided as a specimen charge along
  with a specific allegation under other
  Regulations.

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37The University system

• When the original Management Regulations were
  published the University devised a management
  system and papers that are on-line at
  www.safety.ncl.ac.uk/internal/safety/mgtregs/
• These documents are now being re-written and will
  be released in the near future. The requirements
  remain to
• inspect the workplace,
• Report accidents
• Undertake staff training and supervision of new
  and inexperienced staff
• Undertake risk assessments etc.

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38How To Comply !
Planning is essential first step To Act on the
plans Monitoring the results of the
actions Revise the plans accordingly

• Plan
• Act
• Monitor
• Revise

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39Exercise
Plan Act Monitor Revise

• For each of the cases in the handout consider
• Was there Suitable and Sufficient Control in the
  workplace
• Was there anything that could be done to improve
  matters
• If you were an enforcer what would you expect to
  be done