What do we use minerals for

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What do we use minerals for?
Talc baby powder, gymnastics use it to grasp the
bar
Gypsum dry wall, plaster of paris
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Halite Salt
Copper electrical wires, sculptures
Quartz electronic equipment, radios, computers
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Jennifer Lopezs pink diamond
The Hope Diamond
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2.2 Minerals Definition of a Mineral
A. Naturally occurring natural geologic
processes
B. Solid substance within the temp. ranges
normal for Earths surface.
C. Orderly crystalline structure means that
their atoms or ions are arranged in an orderly
repetitive manner.
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D. Definite chemical composition most are
chemical compounds made of 2 or more elements.
There are a few exceptions like Gold or Silver.
E. Inorganic - not living or never have or never
will be.
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How Minerals Form everywhere on earth and under
different conditions.

• Crystallization from magma as magma cools
  elements combine to form minerals.
• 1ST minerals to crystallize from magma are
  usually rich in Fe (iron), Ca (calcium), Mg
  (magnesium)
• As minerals continue to form, the composition of
  the magma changes. Minerals rich in Na (sodium),
  K (potassium), Al (aluminum) then form.

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2. Precipitation

• Water on Earth evaporates. Dissolved
  substances left behind react to form minerals.
• Changes in water temperature may cause
  dissolved material to combine and precipitate
  (fall) out of a body of water.

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3. Pressure and temperature some minerals form
when existing minerals are subjected to changes
in pressure temp.

• Increase in pressure - mineral can
  recrystallize while still a solid.
• Change in temperature certain minerals
  become unstable new minerals form that are
  stable at the new temp.

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• 4. Hydrothermal solutions hot mixture of water
  dissolved substances.
• Have temperatures between 1000C - 3000 C
• When these solutions come into contact with
  existing minerals, chemical reactions take place
  to form new minerals.

• When such solutions cool, some elements in
  them combine to form minerals.

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Minerals Formed as a Result of Crystallization of
Magma
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2.2 Minerals
? Minerals can be classified based on their
composition
1. Silicates most common

• Silicon and oxygen combine to form a structure
  called the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron. This
  silicon-oxygen tetrahedron provides the framework
  of every silicate mineral just add one or more
  other elements.

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The Silicon-Oxygen Tetrahedron
1 silicon atom 4 oxygen atoms
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2.2 Minerals
2. Carbonates second most common

• Minerals that contain the elements carbon,
  oxygen, and one or more other metallic elements

3. Oxides

• Minerals that contain oxygen and one or more
  other elements, which are usually metals

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2.2 Minerals
4. Sulfates and Sulfides

• Minerals that contain the element sulfur

5. Halides

• Minerals that contain a halogen (elements from
  Group 7A of the periodic table) ion plus one or
  more other elements

6. Native elements

• Minerals that exist in relatively pure form

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Were going to make up some acronyms to remember
this stuff

• What is an acronym you say?
• Here is an example THE ORDER OF THE PLANETS
• Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter,Saturn,
  Uranus, Neptune, Pluto
• Acronym
• My very educated mother just served us nine pies!

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Now its your turn5 Characteristics of Minerals

• Naturally occurring
• Solid
• Crystalline structure
• Definite Chemical composition
• Inorganic
•  

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How minerals form

• Crystallization
• Precipitation
• Pressure Temperature
• Hydrothermal Solutions
• Acronym
• Can People Please Think Harder!

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Mineral Groups

• Silicates
• Carbonates
• Oxides
• Sulfates Sulfides
• Halides
• Native elements