Chemical and Biological Weapons

1
Chemical and Biological Weapons

• Kaleo Cuaresma
• Mariana Galindo
• Robyn Kobashigawa

2
Relevant Facts

• Biological weapons intentional use of diseases
  to affect an adversaries military force,
  population, crops, or livestock
• Countries/Organizations known to have Biological
  Weapons
• Iraq
• Soviet Union
• Al-Queda
• Japans Aum Shin Rikyo

3
Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention

• Banned development, production, stockpiling,
  acquisition, or retention of microbial or
  biological agents or toxins
• Bans weapons, equipment or means of delivery
• As of November 2001, 162 States signed BTWC, 144
  States have ratified
• Use of BW prohibited by Geneva Protocol-1925

4
Anthrax

• Three types of anthrax infections
• cutaneous
• gastrointestinal
• inhalation
• Anthrax
• Can easily become airborne
• can travel downwind for hundreds of miles
• remains dangerous for decades

5
Professional Issues

• Political officials must balance safety,
  economics, and politics
• Is it right for private companies to manufacture
  anthrax?
• Safety for employees in high risk jobs

6
Legal/Policy Issues

• Breaking treaty that banned countries from mass
  producing chemical/biological weapons
• Illegal to manufacture, distribute, or utilize
  anthrax in the US
• The UN has the right to inspect biological
  laboratories of countries whom agreed to the
  treaty
• If other countries, who are not part of the UN
  and who didnt sign the treaty, produce BW, who
  will enforce the ban? How?
• How are our relations affected by other countries
  who produce anthrax?
• Should authorities keep anthrax scares public?

7
Ethical Issues

• Should we risk so many lives by using BW
• How many civilian lives will be affected?
• Would it be better to use biological or nuclear
  weapons in terms of environmental and human
  impact?
• How would we decide which is better?
• Does the US Defense Department have a duty to
  keep up manufacturing BW with other nations?
• Who benefits from the use of BW and how?

8
Stakeholders

• Civilians
• i.e. Farmers
• Humankind
• Military
• UN
• Government
• Biological Laboratories
• Doctors

9
Possible Actions

• Nuclear Weapons
• Biological Weapons
• Old Fashioned Warfare

10
Nuclear Weapons

• Consequences
• Efforts will be concentrated on nuclear weapons
  and not biological
• More military spending
• Biological Weapons- 10 million
• Nuclear Weapons- 200 million
• More toxic pollution/damage to environment
• Faster outcome

11
Nuclear Weapons

• Individual Rights/Fairness
• Everyone has the right to live normally
• Everyone has the right to be protected by their
  government
• Governments have the right to defend themselves
  from attacks
• Common Good
• Increase Research

12
Biological Weapons

• Consequences
• Costs less to manufacture
• Easier to produce
• Almost as effective
• Prolonged Effects

13
Biological Weapons

• Individual Rights/Fairness
• Everyone has the right to live normally
• Everyone has the right to be protected by their
  government
• Governments have the right to defend themselves
  from attacks
• Common Good
• Increase Research

14
Old-Fashioned Warfare

• Consequences
• Less harm to the environment
• Less civilian casualties/military attacked
• War lasts longer
• More mental damage

15
Old-Fashioned Warfare

• Individual Rights/Fairness
• No countries would have an advantage because of
  technology
• Everyone has the right to live normally
• Everyone has the right to be protected by their
  government
• Governments have the right to defend themselves
  from attacks
• Common Good
• May deter wars
• Less long term harm to environment

16
Final Decision

• World Peace
• Did you expect us to choose how to murder people?
  Wed rather have the Bad People assassinated
  with snipers.