Trenda Moore

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Team 3

• Trenda Moore
• Pamela Windmon
• Jon Barnett
• Tellas Buckingham

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Introduction

• In my section I will discuss the 56K modem and
  its overview, the up and downstream path, and
  Intels product support for the 56K modem

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56K Technology Overviewhttp//developer.Intel.com
/network/white_papers/56k.htm

• 56Kbps modem technology increases communication
  speed by making better use of todays standard
  telephone lines.
• Service providers today have digital connections
  to the PSTN, luckily,56K modems take advantage of
  this by avoiding the conversions at the service
  providers end.
• By avoiding additional conversions, speeds up to
  56K are possible

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The upstream and downstream path

• With 56K technology additional digital encoding
  is applied along with the downstream data path,
  maximizing transmission rates.
• Although a theoretical rate of 64Kbps can be
  reached, due to to occasional robof bits the
  actual downstream rate is 56K.
• A variety of factors require that upstream data
  be handled differently. Including Variable
  quality of connection, Analog-to-digital noise,
  and Different telephone line conditioning
  equipment.

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• Combination of these factors require a more
  conservative approach to maintain the upstream
  data.

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Intels Product Support

• Intel supports 56k technology with its PRO/100
  Mobile LANModem 56 PC card and the CardBus II
  Adapter.
• These portable PC adapters help autosense network
  speeds for direct connections.
• The 56k modem technology is a natural extension
  of intels commitment to helping companies build
  and maintain faster, simpler networks giving the
  desktop a unprecedented level of power.
• Todays key challenge is to extend these fast
  networking advantages to a growing number of
  remote users
• 56k technology offers an important first step in
  this direction by dramatically reducing the time
  required to download amounts of information.

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Conclusion

• 56k modem technology is a significant step in the
  right direction by providing next-generation
  modem performance.
• 56k technology offers a solution today that users
  can rely on into the future
• Unfortunately current technologies have supported
  a high number of users, but have not yet meet the
  need for high-bandwidth connections.

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Trendas Question

• Are 56Kbps modems more expensive?

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Agreement reached on 56K Modem Standard

• (http//www.itu.int/newsarchive/press/releases/199
  8/98-04.html)

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The International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
agreed on the technical specifications for PCM
modems. The new recommendations designated V.90
is expected to be widely used for applications
such as Internet and on-line service access.
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V.90 Modems are designed for

• Connections which are digital at one end and have
  only one digital-to-analogue conversion.
• Download speeds of up to 56,000 bits/second
• Upload speeds of up to 33,600 bits/second

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According to industry analysts, the ITU agreement
will boost modem sales significantly. Very
likely V.90 will be the final analog modem speed
standard.
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What is V.90 Technology?
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V.90 has an assumption that one end of the modem
session has a pure-digital connection to the
phone network and takes advantage of that high
speed digital connection. V.90 technology is
able to accelerate data downstream from the
Internet to your computer at speeds of up to
56Kbps.
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In this way V.90 technology is different than
other standards of today, because it digitally
encodes downstream data instead of modulating it
as analog modems do. The data transfer is
asymmetrical method, so upstream transmissions
continue to flow at the conventional rates of up
to 33.6Kbps Only the down stream data transfer
takes advantage of the high speed V.90 rates.
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KB or Kilobyte 1024 Bytes, or roughly a
thousand MB or Megabyte 1024 x1024, or 1048576
Bytes, or roughly a million
www.v90.com
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• Data speed will vary depending on the quality of
  the telephone line.

Telephone lines where designed for voice traffic,
not the flood of data traffic for which they are
used today.
A pretty good line should get about a 48 to 50K
connection.
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But it says Im already going faster

• These higher numbers are Data Terminal Equipment
  (DTE) speeds. They are the connection between
  your computer and your modem
• The Data Communications Equipment (DCE) speed is
  the bottleneck. Thats what were measuring with
  these numbers.

Note V.90 modems have asymmetric data rates.
You can download up to 56K, but upload at a
slower speed.
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Going faster saves money.
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Jons Question
What do we mean by asymmetric data rates?
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Which V.90 Modem to Buy

• The V.90 standards is relatively new.
  Manufactures have made sure their modems are
  capable of being updated to enhance compatibility
  and performance. This requires flash memory and
  RAM DSP chips.

www.v90.com
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Flash memory VS ROM memory

• There are two types memory chips, Flash and ROM.
  Flash is the better of the two because of the
  fact that it is possible to change this type of
  memory. Flash memory cost a little more, but it
  allows your modem to be easily updated. This is
  important because it is a fact that periodic new
  versions of modem code will refine V.90
  compatibility and performance so to avoid
  complications after the sale choose wisely.

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Just say NO to No-Names

• No-name modems sell on price. They often skimp
  on parts to keep cost down. It is not unusual
  for house brands to use hard coded ROM memory.
  With the V.90 standards now a done deal, the last
  thing you want is to get a pre-standard modem
  with a hard coded ROM DSP which cant be
  updated.

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Top Brand Name Manufactures

• Several companies sell modems, but there are
  really only two top Brand Name manufactures at
  retail. These are Zoom and 3COM. Businesses
  such as Motorola, Hayes, and Diamond are
  currently under evaluations or has gone out of
  business. So it is advised to buy a modem from a
  company who values its customers and is doing
  well in todays economy, such as Zoom and 3COM.

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Why Buy From Certain Companies?

• The modem business is going through a period of
  consolidation. As stated before companies such
  as Motorola, Hayes, Diamond, and Logicode are
  going out of business or getting bought buy
  larger modem companies. To avoid any
  complications in the long run do research on the
  modem and the company you choose to shop with.
  These may become time consuming, but it will save
  you time and money in the long run.

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Internal or External

• The article states that external modems are
  easier to install. As opposed to its opposite
  external modems can be moved without even
  powering down your PC, you can move an external
  modem real quick to another computer, PC or MAC.
  Furthermore, installing an internal modem is not
  rocket science, but you do have to open up your
  PC, which can always turn into trouble. Ounce
  again instead of saving a few dollars try and get
  what will be easier to maintain over a long
  period of time.

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Tellass Question

• What are the benefits of Flash memory?

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V.90 Frequently Asked Questions Answers
(www.v90.com)

• 1. What is V.90?
• V.90 is the new official ITU international
  standard for 56K analog modems
• 2. Which modem should I buy?
• Buy a modem that is V.90 compliant now. And buy
  one of the top name brands. DO NOT buy a no-name
  or house brand

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QA cont.

• 3. How fast are V.90 modems?
• With a reasonably good phone line and if you live
  within 3 ½ miles from your central office (local
  phone company building), you should get connect
  speeds between 40K and 53K.

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QA cont.

• 4.Dont modems need 10 bits to transfer a byte,
  so the speed of a 33600bps modem is actually 3360
  bps?
• No, this is a common misconception. The 33600
  speed is the DCE speed which is the speed between
  your modem and the modem you are calling. This
  is an analog connection and there are no start or
  stop bits.

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Pamelas Question

• List the three things V.90 modems are designed
  for.