Told for Idiots

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Told for Idiots
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Category I,II,III

• Cat I
• CFL is less than Runway length
• DS less than RS
• Cat II
• CFL Runway length
• DSRSCFES
• Cat III
• CFL gt Runway length
• DS gt RS

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Definitions

• Refusal Speed
• Max speed accelerate on two good engine Stop
  in runway remaining
• Decision Speed
• Min speed accelerate on two good engine Lose
  an engine takeoff in the runway remaining
• CEFS
• The speed accelerate on two good engines lose
  an engine go or stop in the same distance

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More Definitions

• Vb
• T/O Speed from which the aircraft can be
  brought to a stop without exceeding the max brake
  energy limit (14.8 ft/lb total)
• Landing brake application speed where the
  airplane can be brought to a full stop without
  exceeding the energy absorption capability of the
  brakes (8.1 million ft/lbs)

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More Definitions

• Vrot-
• Speed where you rotate
• Vco
• Scheduled single engine climb speed should be
  reached prior to 50 ft obstacle height
• Vco 10
• Normal 2 engine climbout speed
• Liftoff speed
• Speed where you lift off (Vrot 3)

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More Definitions

• TOGR-
• Takeoff ground roll from brake release to liftoff
• TOFD TOFLAR
• Takeoff flare distance from liftoff to 50ft
  obstacle height must happen no later than
  departure end
• Reference Zero
• TOGR TOFD
• Vmcg
• Ground minimum control speed (88 knots) during
  takeoff run when an engine fails it is possible
  to maintain directional control using only
  primary aerodynamic controls

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More Definitions

• Vmca
• Minimum control speed air 89 knots is the
  minimum controllable speed int the takeoff
  configuration out of ground effect with one
  engine inoperative and the other at TRT
• Vcef
• Critical engine failure speed is the speed at
  which one engine can fail and the same distance
  is required to either continue to accelerate to
  lift off speed or to abort and decelerate to a
  full stop.

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More Definitions

• CFL
• Critical field length The total length of
  runway required to accelerate on all engines to
  CFES, experience an engine failure, then continue
  to liftoff or stop in the same distance.
• Vr
• Refusal speed is the maximum speed that can be
  attained, with normal acceleration, from which a
  stop may be completed with the available runway
  length.

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More definitions

• S1
• Go/No Go speed The takeoff is committed at
  indicated airspeeds above S1. If an engine
  failure occurs prior to obtaining S1, takeoff
  abort capability is assured.
• How is S1 determined?
• Equal to or greater than the higher of Vmcg or
  Vcef. S1 must be lower than the lowest of Vr,
  Vrot, or Vb.

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More definitions

• Takeoff Flare
• Ground distance covered between liftoff and the
  50 ft obstacle height
• Distance to 50 ft obstacle
• The sum of takeoff ground run distance to lift
  off plus the airborne horizontal distance needed
  to accelerated and climb to arrive at the 50 ft
  obstacle height at or above the obstacle climbout
  speed

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More Definitions

• Climbout factor
• Used to determine takeoff climb performance and
  obstacle clearance. Min climbout factor is 2.5

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Vmca and Vmcg

• Similarities
• One engine failed
• One engine at TRT
• Trimmed for takeoff
• Rudder boost operation
• 180lbs of rudder force
• Most unfavorable CG
• Most unfavorable Weight

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Vmca and Vmcg

• Vmcg
• 88 KIAS
• Using only primary flight controls
• No more than 25 ft lateral deviation
• All 3 wheels on the runway
• Conditions of crosswind and rcr may affect it
• Vmca
• 89 kias
• Takeoff configuration
• Out of ground effect
• Most critical combination of asymmetric thrust
• 5 degrees bank into the operating engine
• Always less than takeoff speed and is not
  considered in takeoff planning

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Rules of thumb

• Conditions getting worse, which items decrease?
• CFES
• RS
• Vb
• TOF
• COF

15
Rules of thumb

• Conditions getting worse Which items are
  unaffected?
• Vmca

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Rules of thumb

• If conditions are getting worse, what will
  increase?
• CEFS follows, DS, CFL, Vcmg (only affected by
  crosswind and RCR), TOGR, TOFD, Reference Zero,
  Takeoff Distance, Landing Distance, T G distance