Chapter 6 Canada Section 2 Historical Geography

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Chapter 6 CanadaSection 2 Historical
Geography
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II. HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY

• A. New France

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A. New France

• The first Europeans to explore North America were
  the Vikings 1000 to 1200 AD

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A. New France

• The Vikings explored the northeastern coast but
  established no permanent settlements

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A. New France

• The first formal exploration was in 1497 when
  John Cabot explored Labrador, Newfoundland and
  other islands

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A. New France

• Other European nations sent explorers to search
  for the Northwest Passage, to trade for furs,
  and to convert the Native Americans

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A. New France

• In 1535, Jacques Cartier of France traveled up
  the St. Lawrence River and established Montreal

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A. New France

• The French used the rivers and Great Lakes,
  connected by portages, to explore the interior of
  North America

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A. New France

• Fur trappers and trading posts spread into the
  interior and settlers farmed along the St.
  Lawrence River and in Nova Scotia

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B. British North America

• In 1713, England acquired Nova Scotia and
  deported the French to Louisiana

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B. British North America

• In the 1700s, England and France came into
  conflict in North America and war broke out

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B. British North America

• The French and Indian War started in 1756 and was
  ended in 1759 by the Treaty of Paris

George Washington as Captain in the French and
Indian War
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B. British North America

• The Treaty of Paris gave the British control of
  North America and the French lost most of its
  territory

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B. British North America

• In 1791, Canada was divided into Upper Canada
  (Ontario) and Lower Canada (Quebec)

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B. British North America

• Quebec City, Montreal, and Toronto grew into
  major commercial centers

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B. British North America

• The Hudson Bay Company and the Northwest
  Companys fur-trading posts extended to the
  Pacific coast and to the subarctic

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C. Dominion of Canada

• In 1867, the British North America Act created
  the Dominion of Canada, governed by a parliament
  and a prime minister

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C. Dominion of Canada

• Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick
  were united and the city of Ottawa, Ontario
  became Canadas capital

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C. Dominion of Canada

• Many African Americans from the U. S. fled to
  eastern Canada to escape slavery

Concentrations of Underground Railroad refugee
settlers in Ontario (1850)
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C. Dominion of Canada

• Canadas west was settled after the
  transcontinental railroad was finished in 1885

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C. Dominion of Canada

• Today, many citizens are immigrants from Europe,
  Asia, and the Caribbean

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C. Dominion of Canada

• Canada and Britain have retained close ties
  Canada is part of the British Commonwealth and
  Britains queen is also Canadas queen

Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II Birth 21 April
1926 Accession to
the Throne 6 February 1952 Coronation 2 June
1953 Children The Prince of
Wales (Charles), The Princess Royal (Anne),
The Duke of York (Andrew),
The Earl of Wessex (Edward)