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CSS : Cascading Style Sheets

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Title: CSS : Cascading Style Sheets


1
CSS Cascading Style Sheets
  • Ann Dobbs
  • Class i385e

2
Presentation
  • CSS Defined
  • Advantages of Using CSS
  • Disadvantages of Using CSS
  • Advanced Uses
  • Other good sites for learning CSS
  • References

3
CSS Defined
  • Wikipedia
  • Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a stylesheet
    language used to describe the presentation of a
    document written in a markup language. Its most
    common application is to style web pages written
    in HTML and XHTML, but the language can be
    applied to any kind of XML document, including
    SVG and XUL.

4
Stylesheets
  • Are text style layout instructions that extend
    the HTML (or XHTML, XML, etc.) in web pages,
    giving greater control over content presentation,
    including typography, layout, and presentation on
    different media (print, screen, mobile, audio,
    etc.)

5
Cascading Stylesheets
  • Which style rules?
  • Browser default
  • External style sheet
  • Internal style sheet (inside the ltheadgt tag)
  • Inline style (inside an HTML element)
  • ("Introduction to CSS," n.d.)

6
CSS vs. Inheritance
  • Cascading is not inheritance, though the two
    sometimes get confused.
  • Inheritance is related to the HTML documents
    containment hierarchy
  • lthtmlgt
  • ltbodygt
  • ltpgt
  • Each element will by default inherit the style of
    its parent element (.8 x.8 .64)

7
Advantages of Using CSS
  • Separation of presentation of presentation
    content
  • Less time and labor needed for site maintenance
    revisions
  • Better accessibility
  • Better/faster data-driven websites
  • Better semantics
  • Improved graphic design possibilities (ex Zen
    Garden site)

8
Advantages of Using CSS
  • Enables different presentations of same page for
    different media
  • Faster page load times

9
Disadvantages
  • Inconsistent browser support (decreasing problem
    at this point )
  • May need to design page for one browser, so be
    aware of what your users are using!
  • Hacks to remedy browser differences can cause
    problems of their own.
  • Most new browsers have quirks and strict modes to
    adjust their css interpretation for older css and
    css written for recent browsers

10
Disadvantages
  • User may override your css or it may not display
    at all
  • CSS has bugs, so crosscheck on browsers
  • Easy for beginners to get carried away
  • Use it when you need it
  • Validate! Make sure your HTML is semantically
    correct CSS is good

11
Advanced Uses
  • Use with database-driven websites and templates
  • Provide different presentations to different
    media
  • Use it to provide both presentation layout and
    screenreader / text-only content organization

12
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13
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14
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15
Other Good Sites
  • Maxdesign (http//css.maxdesign.com.au)
  • Westciv (http//www.westciv.com/)
  • Holy CSS Zeldman! (http//www.dezwozhere.com/links
    .html)

16
References
  • Cascading Style Sheets. (n.d.). Wikipedia.
    Retrieved November 2, 2006, from
    http//en.wikipedia.org/?wiki/?Cascading_Style_She
    ets
  • Introduction to CSS. (n.d.). w3 School. Retrieved
    November 2, 2006, from http//www.ischool.utexas.e
    du/?7Ei385e/?readings/?css_intro.asp.htm
  • Shea, D. (n.d.). CSS Zen Garden. Retrieved
    November 2, 2006, from http//www.mezzoblue.com/?z
    engarden/?resources/
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