The Five 5 Latin Infinitives to verb five ways

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Chapter 38

• The Five (5) Latin Infinitives to verb five
  ways!
• Subjective and Objective Infinitives

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The Present Infinitives (p. 180)
Active to verb, verbing Passive to be verbed
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The Perfect Active Infinitiveto have verbed

• perfect stem -isse
• vocavisse - to have called
• monuisse - to have warned
• rexisse - to have ruled
• cepisse - to have taken
• audivisse - to have heard

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The Perfect Passive Infinitiveto have been
verbed

• perfect passive participle stem -us,a,um esse
• vocatus,a,um esse - to have been called
• monitus,a,um esse - to have been warned
• rectus,a,um esse - to have been ruled
• captus,a,um esse - to have been taken
• auditus,a,um esse - to have been heard

esse is frequently omitted
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The Future Active Infinitiveto be about to verb

• perfect passive participle stem urus,-a,-um
  esse
• vocaturus,a,um - to be about to call
• moniturus,a,um - to be about to warn
• recturus,a,um - to be about to rule
• capturus,a,um - to be about to take
• auditurus,a,um - to be about to hear

esse is frequently omitted
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The Uses of the Infinitive

• 1. Complementary volo, nolo, possum, paro,
  soleo, timeo, in animo habere, etc.
• 2. With impersonal verbs necesse est, licet,
  etc.
• 3. Subject of the verb est
• 4. Accusative infinitive doceo, iubeo, veto,
  etc.

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Subjective Infinitives

• Laudari est gratum.
• To be praised is pleasant.
• It is pleasant to be praised.
• Being praised is pleasant.
• N.B The subjective infinitive is neuter, thus
  gratum.

Objective Infinitives Amo ambulare. I like to
walk. I like walking.
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Word Study (p. 219)

• 1. dubito complementary infinitive hesitate
• Dubitavit dicere. He hesitated to speak.
• 2. valeo Its imperatives are used as
  valedictions.
• Vale,inquit, mi frater, ac valete, mei amici.
• He said, Farewell, my brother, and you too, my
  friends.
• 3. valere iubeo I bid farewell
• Vos omnes valere iubeo. I bid you all goodbye.

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infrangible \in-FRAN-juh-bul\ (adjective) 1 not
capable of being broken or separated into parts
2 not to be infringed or violated "Family is
sacred to me," wrote Page, "for I believe that
few things in life are more infrangible than the
bonds of kinship." "Infrangible" is ultimately
derived from the prefix in- and the Latin verb
frangere, meaning "to break."
http//www.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwwod.pl
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excrescence (ik-SKRES-uhns) noun1. An abnormal
outgrowth, e.g. wart.2. A normal outgrowth, e.g.
hair or nail.3. An unwanted, unnecessary, or
disfiguring extension or addition.From Latin
ex- (out), crescere (to grow). Other
derivatives from the same Latin root are,
crescendo, crescent, accrue, concrete, decrease,
increase, recruit. "When it is erected next
fall at Michigan and Wacker Drive as part of
rebuilding of Michigan Avenue south of the
Chicago River, this florid excrescence will be 75
feet tall, with a stylized version of the
four-star Chicago flag draped from its
crossbar." Blair Kamin Boul Mich Pylon Plan
Reason to Hoist Warning Flags Chicago
Tribune May 1, 1997. http//www.wordsmith.or
g/
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lavation \lay-VAY-shun\ noun the act or an
instance of washing or cleansing Having
completed his morning lavation, Arnold felt ready
to begin the day. It sounds logical that you
would perform a "lavation" in a "lavatory,"
doesn't it? And it is logical both these words
come from the Latin lavare, meaning,
appropriately, "to wash." In medicine, the
therapeutic washing out of an organ is "lavage."
There is also "lavabo" (in Latin, literally, "I
shall wash") which in English can refer to a
ceremony at Mass in which the celebrant washes
his hands, to the basin used in this religious
ceremony, or to other kinds of basins. Even the
word "lavish," via a Middle French word for a
downpour of rain, comes to us from lavare.
http//www.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwwod.pl
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diluvial \duh-LOO-vee-ul\ adjective of,
relating to, or brought about by a flood "Not
since 1935 have Houstonians . . . seen the
magnitude of diluvial disaster experienced the
last few days in the wake of Tropical Storm
Allison." (The Houston Chronicle, June 11, 2001)
Late Latin diluvialis means "flood., from
diluere ("to wash away") and ultimately from
lavare ("to wash"). English "diluvial" and its
variant "diluvian" initially referred to the
Biblical Flood. They also used "antediluvian" and
"postdiluvian" to describe the periods before and
after the Flood. http//www.merriam-webster.com
/cgi-bin/mwwod.pl
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Rx (ahr-eks) noun 1. A prescription. 2. A
solution to a problem. Abbreviation of Latin
recipe (take), imperative of recipere (to take),
from re- capere (to take). "The Scrubs star
dishes about her coworkers' embarrassing pranks
and the Rx for romance." Lesley Goober TV's
Resident Cutie Cosmopolitan (New York) May
2003. If you ever wondered what that mysterious
Rx sign meant in the prescription your doctor
wrote, now you know. Going by how often a doctor
has to write prescriptions, it's no coincidence
it's abbreviated. Rx has a handful of cousins,
dx diagnosis, hx history, sx symptoms, and tx
treatment. http//www.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bi
n/mwwod.pl
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occlude (uh-KLOOD) verb tr. 1. To close,
obstruct, or to shut out. 2. To absorb or
adsorp (in physical chemistry). intr. 1. To
close such that the cusps (of the upper and lower
jaws) fit together (in dentistry). 2. To
force air aloft, as when a cold front overtakes a
warm front, resulting in an occluded front (in
meteorology). From Latin occludere, from ob-
claudere (to close). "Hush. An agitation in
the bush. Occluded trees. Mad life heralding the
blue heat of God snickers in a corner of the west
windowsill." From the poem "In the Mecca" Book
In the Mecca, 1968. Gwendolyn Brooks.
http//www.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwwod.pl
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valedictory \val-uh-DIK-tuh-ree\ adjective of
or relating to an act of bidding farewell
expressing or containing a farewell Instead
of delivering traditional salutatory and
valedictory speeches, top-ranking City High
seniors Wendy and Cal wrote and presented a
clever one-act play. Valedictory addresses
delivered by earnest young valedictorians at high
school and college graduations are as much a rite
of spring in the United States as Memorial Day.
Since a valedictory speech is given at the end of
any endeavour, e.g., the school year or
retirement, it is perfectly in keeping with the
meaning of its Latin ancestor, valedicere, which
means "to say farewell." http//www.merriam-webs
ter.com/cgi-bin/mwwod.pl
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Sententiae Antiquae
Crescit in adversis virtus. Lucan Pharsalia
3.614 Courage grows in dangerous situations. Quod
bonum est supprimitur, numquam exstinguitur. Publi
lius Syrus Sententia 63 That-which is good is
suppressed, never exsinguished. Distrahit animum
librorum multitudo. Seneca Epistulae Morales
2.3 A great number of books tears the mind
apart. Humanum amare est, humanum autem ignoscere
est. Plautus Mercator 319 Loving is human,
moreover forgiving is human. Ibi potest valere
populus ubi leges valent. Publilius Syrus
Sententia 63 In that place the people is able to
be strong where the laws are strong.
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Sententiae Antiquae
Stultum est timere quod vitare non
potes. Publilius Syrus Sententia 580 Fearing
that-which you are not able to avoid is stupid.