Hazing Education Program

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Hazing Education Program

• Bowling Green State University

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Hazing Education Program

• This Hazing Education Program is a
  University-wide program created for students to
  assist anyone involved in organizations,
  athletics, and clubs in learning about hazing.
  This online training program will provide you
  with a great deal of information about hazing,
  including examples of hazing, what to do if you
  are hazed, and more.
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• Topics covered today include
• Definition of hazing
• Bowling Green State University policy
• Ohio state law
• Sanctions
• Signs of hazing
• Myths and Facts
• Cases in student organizations
• Benefits of Hazing
• Alternatives
• What to do if you are hazed?
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• It is often difficult to define hazing, as
  no one general definition exists. Lets examine a
  few different definitions.
• Any action or situation, with or without consent
  of the participants, which recklessly,
  intentionally, or unintentionally endangers the
  mental, physical, academic health, or safety of a
  student (University of Michigan)
• Any activity expected of someone joining a group
  that humiliates, degrades, abuses, or endangers,
  regardless of the persons willingness to
  participate (Alfred University)
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• The Code of Student Conduct at Bowling Green
  State University defines hazing as
• Any action or activity which does not
  contribute to the positive development of a
  person which inflicts or intends to cause
  physical or mental harm or anxieties and/or
  which demeans, degrades, or disgraces any person
  regardless of location, intent or consent of
  participant.
• Any action or situation that, intentionally
  or unintentionally, humiliates, degrades, abuses,
  or endangers a student for the purpose of
  initiation or admission into or affiliation with
  any student organization or athletic team.
• Though each definition may differ, they each
  convey the same message Hazing is any behavior
  that may cause any sort of harm to a person
  joining a group, regardless of intent or consent
  of the participant.
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Bowling Green State University has a
strong policy against hazing. In keeping with its
commitment to a positive academic environment,
Bowling Green State University is unconditionally
opposed to any situation related to hazing. It is
assumed that all Bowling Green State University
students, student groups, athletic teams,
faculty, and staff are interested in the
intellectual and social development of individual
members. All forms of hazing on the part of any
students, student groups, and athletic teams
whether on or off University property are
expressly prohibited. Click the arrow to
continue
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• Ohio State Law
• Hazing is a violation of the law in Ohio.
• Section 2903.31
• (A) As used in this section, "hazing" means
  doing any act or coercing another, including the
  victim, to do any act of initiation into any
  student or other organization that causes or
  creates a substantial risk of causing mental or
  physical harm to any person.
• (B)
• (1) No person shall recklessly participate in
  the hazing of another.
• (2) No administrator, employee, or faculty
  member of any primary, secondary, or
  post-secondary school or of any other
  educational institution, public or private, shall
  recklessly permit the hazing of any person.
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• Legal ramifications could include serving time
  in jail and fines. Bowling Green State University
  also has sanctions it imposes on students who
  violate the hazing policy. If you are found
  responsible for hazing, you could face any or all
  of the following sanctions
• Formal reprimand
• Disciplinary/Social probation
• Service Hours or projects
• Mandatory educational programming
• Restitution (if property is damaged)
• Notification of governing body (i.e., chapter
  headquarters, NCAA, etc.)
• Suspension (individual or group)
• Expulsion (individual or group)
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• Now that you know BGSU and Ohio state
  policies regarding hazing, lets talk about
  different types of hazing.
• According to Alfred University (1999), three
  types of hazing exist
• Humiliation
• Substance Abuse
• Dangerous Hazing
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Humiliation hazing is socially offensive,
isolating, or uncooperative behaviors.
Humiliation hazing can be any of the following

• Greeting members in a specific way Being
  required to remain silent or being silenced
• Being required to walk in groups to class, dining
  halls, etc.
• Phone duty or required house duties for new
  members only
• Any form of questioning under pressure or in an
  uncomfortable situation
• Being yelled, cursed, or sworn at

• Being singled out
• Performing special tasks in front of others or
  for others
• Associating with specific people, not others
• Acting as personal servant to older members
• Partial or total nudity or stripping
• Embarrassing oneself publicly
• Being required to carry certain objects

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Lets examine some cases involving humiliation
hazing.

• University of Vermont Mens Hockey Team
• At a team party called "The Big Night," freshmen
  were forced to wear women's underwear, drink warm
  beer and hard liquor, and parade in an "elephant
  walk" -- where they moved in a line holding each
  other's genitals.
• Fraternity at Central Florida University
• Police were notified of screaming, sobbing and
  moaning coming from the chapter house, where they
  found new members crawling on their hands and
  knees and wearing items such as diapers and
  womens underwear.
• Fraternity at Cornell University
• New members were on dog leashes, naked, attacking
  pedestrians while members of the fraternity
  cheered them on from a window in the chapter
  house.
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Substance Abuse hazing is the abuse of any
substance, food, tobacco, alcohol, or illegal
drugs.Substance Abuse hazing can be any of the
following

• Drinking alcohol
• Participating in drinking contests
• Using tobacco
• Using illegal drugs
• Forced consumption of excessive amounts of any
  substance, such as water, milk, or alcohol
• Eating or drinking unwanted substance, such as
  alcohol, urine/feces, or raw food
• Allowing food or any substance, such as oil,
  syrup, flour or gasoline, to be thrown at or on
  you
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Lets examine some cases involving substance
abuse hazing.

• Ithaca College Womens Gymnastics Team and Mens
  Wrestling Team
• A photo album on Webshots.com titled ICW ICG
  Party Initiation depicted women licking
  whipped cream off mens chests, men drinking
  shots off women, and other activities involving
  drinking.
• Fraternity at Southern Methodist University
• A new member went into a coma after being forced
  to consume large amounts of water and hot sauce.
  After the new member lost consciousness, the men
  forced him to drink more and punched him in the
  stomach to make him vomit.
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Dangerous hazing is the most common type of
hazing seen on college campuses. It includes
hurtful, aggressive, illegal, destructive, and/or
disruptive behaviors. Dangerous hazing can be
any of the following

• Excessive exercise or calisthenics
• Making prank phone calls or harass others
• Scavenger hunts, treasure hunts, or road trips
• Destroying or vandalizing property
• Stealing, cheating, or committing a crime
• Beating up others or pick a fight with someone
• Body alterations including inflicting pain on
  self, cutting, branding, tattoo, piercing, or
  shaving yourself or others
• Being tied up, taped up, or confined
• Exposure to extreme heat or cold

• Being physically abused, beaten, or paddled
• Being cruel to animals
• Being thrown into a pool, ocean, creek, or any
  other body of water
• Not allowed to attend school or complete school
  work
• Deprivation of food, sleep, or cleanliness
• Being kidnapped or transported and abandoned
• Intimidating new members about what happens at
  initiation
• Physical and mental exhaustion

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Lets examine some cases involving dangerous
hazing.

• Cornell Womens Hockey Team
• First-year team members were required to steal
  large quantities of toilet paper for the personal
  use of upper class team members who reside
  off-campus. The new members stole 36 cases of
  toilet paper from residence halls.
• Sorority at Plymouth State University
• New members were blindfolded and forced to ride
  in the back of a sport utility vehicle driven by
  one of the sorority sisters, which flipped and
  killed one of the new members.
• Fraternity at University of Michigan
• A new member was hospitalized with kidney failure
  due to excessive exercise and deprivation of
  food, water, and sleep.
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There are also cases which involve more than one
type of hazing.

• Fraternity at University of Nebraska-Lincoln
• Fraternity members forced new members to consume
  whiskey and beer, screamed profanities at them,
  urinated on a new members bed, struck a new
  member with a broom, and woke a new member in the
  middle of the night and forced him to move his
  belongings to another room.
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• Marching band at University of Wisconsin.
• Women told to suck on a sex toy or forced to kiss
  other women in order to gain access to bus
  bathrooms.
• Inappropriate dancing from semi-nude badn
  members.
• Women being forced to draw pornographic pictures
  for older male band members, recite obscene
  limericks or stories, and read aloud explicit
  accounts of their sexual preferences composed for
  them by others for older male band members.
• Demeaning and abusive demands for younger band
  members to run errands and refill beer cups for
  older members.
• Upperclassmen have been reported to have "taken
  over" the dorm rooms of freshman women, supplied
  alcohol and demanded they join in the drinking.

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• As you can see, there are many different
  actions and behaviors that are classified as
  hazing. Indeed, there have also been many cases
  involving different student groups accused of
  hazing.
• However, there are many myths that exist
  regarding hazing. Lets examine the myths and
  facts of hazing.
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Myth Hazing is nothing more than pranks that go
wrong.

• Fact Hazing is an act of power and control.
  Accidents can happen during hazing, but hazing is
  not an accident. It is victimization. It is
  abusive, degrading, and can be life-threatening.
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Myth As long as there is not malicious intent,
it is not hazing.

• Fact There does not need to be malicious
  intent for hazing to occur. Hazing often occurs
  when those who are hazing others do not intend
  malicious harm. Safety is a major factor in
  hazing activities that many do not consider as
  intending to harm, i.e., scavenger hunts and
  kidnappings. However, serious accidents can occur
  in both of these incidences. Scavenger hunts
  often turn into races of who can finish the
  fastest, encouraging individuals to ignore road
  signs and laws. Individuals have been seriously
  injured from participating in kidnappings,
  suffering from condition such as hypothermia and
  sleep deprivation. Furthermore, when these
  incidents involve alcohol, there can be deadly
  consequences.
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Myth Hazing is an effective way to teach
respect and develop discipline.

• Fact Respect is earned, not taught.
  Individuals who were hazed rarely report having
  respect for those who hazed them. Furthermore,
  hazing is a form of victimization. It creates
  mistrust, hostility, alienation, and resentment,
  not respect and discipline. It teaches new
  members that values such as deception,
  coercion, and intimidation are acceptable means
  for achieving your goals.
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Myth If someone agrees to participate in an
activity, it is not hazing.

• Fact As mentioned before, consent is not a
  legal defense of hazing according to Ohio state
  law and BGSU policy. When someone is pressured by
  peers to participate in a dangerous activity in
  order to join a group, it is not true consent.
  The focus is on what you do, not whether they say
  you could.
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Myth New members want to be hazed.

• Fact Really? Did you new members tell you
  during recruitment or recruitment visits that
  they wanted to be physically, mentally, or
  emotionally hurt?
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Myth Hazing only a little bit is not really
bad.

• Fact Though there are different levels of
  how severe a hazing incident can be, all hazing
  is wrong and in most states, considered illegal.
  Hazing only a little bit can have a huge
  consequence for those involved. It can create a
  negative experience for the new members and could
  have legal ramifications for those who are hazing
  others.
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Myth Hazing builds unity among new members.

• Fact Hazing may build unity among new
  members, but has costs as well. The effect of
  hazing can be compared to the effect of a
  hurricane residents feel closer to each other
  but some are suffering. There are plenty of other
  ways to build unity among new members that do not
  include hazing, which will be offered later in
  this program.
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Myth If it doesnt kill you, it only makes you
stronger.

• Fact If this statement is true, then child
  abuse, domestic violence, and torture would be
  prescriptions for personal growth. Though it is
  true that difficult situations can help
  individuals grow and develop, experiences that do
  not kill still do damage because of their
  psychological or physical impact (Cornell
  University, 2006).
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Myth Since alumni and current members were
hazed, it is only fair that new members go
through it too.

• Fact Tradition is not a justification for
  hazing. Traditions are created by groups, and
  groups have the power to change or eliminate
  them.
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Myth Eliminating hazing makes an organization
or sports team just like any other social club or
team. It will be too easy to become a member.

• Fact Hazing is not necessary for an
  initiation or induction to be unique. A
  well-organized, creative program builds cohesion
  and fosters growth. Any group can haze new
  members it takes vision and commitment to run a
  good, non-hazing program.
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Myth Enduring hazing is a sign of strength.

• Fact People who endure hazing suffer from
  physical, mental, and emotional abuse, all to be
  accepted by others or prove themselves worthy.
  However, standing up to a group of peers or
  breaking free from hazing takes courage. That is
  real strength.
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Myth Hazing is ok as long as it is not
physically dangerous.

• Fact Hazing that involves mental and
  emotional abuse can leave brutal, psychological
  scars.
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Myth Hazing practices preserve the uniqueness of
a group or team.

• Fact Interestingly, many groups have the same
  unique hazing practices sleep deprivation,
  servitude, excessive drinking, calisthenics,
  lineups, inappropriate clothing, extensive
  memorization with verbal or physical abuse for
  the wrong answers, and kidnappings.
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Myth Hazing only exists in fraternities and
sororities.

• Fact Hazing can exist in fraternities and
  sororities, athletic teams, military units,
  religious organizations, performing arts groups,
  and other types of clubs and organizations.
  Hazing also occurs in high school organizations
  and teams.
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Myth Hazing motivates new members to do
better.

• Fact Hazing motivates people out of fear and
  anxiety. It hinders academic achievement,
  destroys self-esteem, and causes emotional strain
  and physical harm.
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Myth I will never get caught or turned in.

• Fact If you haze, there will be a time when
  your peers will have to choose between you as a
  friend and their own personal integrity and
  well-being.
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Myth Its difficult to determine whether or not
certain activities are considered hazing. Too
much gray area exists.

• Fact It is easy to determine if activities
  are hazing by using common sense and answering
  the following questions
• Does the activity involve mental distress such as
  humiliation or intimidation?
• Does it involve physical abuse or substance
  abuse?
• Would you have any reservations describing the
  activity to your parents or a university
  official?
• Would you have reservations describing the
  activity to your advisor/coach/professor/national
  office?
• Is alcohol involved?
• Would you be worried if the activity was shown on
  the evening news?
• (Adapted from Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Death By
  Hazing, 1988 Will Keim, Ph.D., "The Power of
  Caring, 1990).
• If the answer to any of the above questions is
  yes,
• the activity is hazing.
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• As you can see, there are MANY myths
  regarding hazing. but now you know the FACTS.
• Take a stand against hazing and teach others
  the important facts about hazing!
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Despite all the facts that prove that hazing is
wrong, some people still believe that there are
benefits to hazing. They claim that hazing does
the following

• Fosters unity
• Develops problem-solving skills
• Develops leadership skills
• Instills a sense of membership or belonging
• Builds awareness of group/teams history and
  traditions
• Improves relations with other groups/teams
• However, alternative ways exist that can do
  all of the things mentioned above and DO NOT
  involve hazing. Lets examine the alternatives to
  hazing.
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Alternatives Foster Unity

• Have new members work together on a community
  service project. 
• Visit a certified and supervised ropes course to
  work on group cohesiveness, communication, and
  leadership skills.
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Alternatives Develop Problem-Solving Skills

• Have new members discuss team weaknesses such as
  poor recruitment, apathy, and poor scholarship,
  and plan solutions that the active/older members
  might then adopt.  
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Alternatives Develop Leadership Skills

• Encourage participation in school/campus
  activities outside of the group/team.
• Develop a peer mentor program within the
  group/team for leadership roles. 
• Invite prominent alumni to dinners, meetings, and
  socials to share their experiences as a member of
  the group/team and how it has helped them in
  their professional careers.  
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Alternatives Instill a Sense of Membership and
Belonging

• Plan non-required opportunities where the entire
  group/team gets together to attend a movie, play,
  concert, or other event/program.
• Plan an induction ceremony that family and
  friends are invited to watch.
• Plan a "membership circle" when active/older and
  new members participate in a ceremony in which
  each person has a chance to express what
  membership means to them.
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Alternatives Build Awareness of Groups History
and Traditions

• Invite an alumni to talk about the group/teams
  early days, special traditions, and prominent
  former members.
• Invite leaders of the BGSU community to speak on
  the institutions goals and expectations of the
  group/team.
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Alternatives Improve Relations with Other
Organizations

• Encourage new members to plan social or service
  projects with new members from other
  groups/teams.
• Have the entire group/team work together to plan
  joint social or service activities with other
  organizations.
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Other Alternatives to Hazing

• Provide study hours for members of the chapter. 
• Invite college/university or community experts to
  discuss test-taking skills, study methods, time
  management etc.
• Get involved with campus and community service
  projects.
• Plan fund-raisers for local charitable
  organizations.
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• You have learned much today about hazing the
  definition, policy and laws, the three different
  types of hazing, myths and facts of hazing, as
  well as alternatives to hazing.
• Still, it is hard to confront hazing. Here are
  some suggestions for confronting others if your
  group/team hazes.
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If your group/team hazes and you want to confront
it

• Raise your concern with other members that you
  trust. Form an informal subgroup of members who
  would be willing to raise their objections to the
  leaders and larger group.
• If the group has relationships with alumni
  members, seek their support.
• Frame your argument at multiple levels.
• You may be able to convince some members that
  hazing is intrinsically wrong and harmful to
  individuals. Other members may only be persuaded
  that the risk of getting caught and the
  consequences that could result make hazing not
  worth continuing.
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If your group/team hazes and you want to confront
it

• Take a stand that you do not believe that new
  members should have to go through what you did.
• Offer ideas for alternatives to hazing that can
  achieve the positive outcomes of initiating new
  members while eliminating the risks and costs
  that come with hazing.
• Give examples of groups/teams that have developed
  strong, non-hazing new member programs
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You tried confronting your group/team, but you
were still unsuccessful and they still continue
to haze. Here some other alternatives

• Seek support outside of the group/team.
  Groups/teams that haze often try to isolate
  their new members from others who might challenge
  them to question what they are going through.
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• Do not feel obligated to keep the hazing a
  secret. Demanding secrecy is a common practice
  designed to protect people who are abusing
  others.
• If you are a new member, you have a right to tell
  anyone anything you want about what you are going
  through, even if you were made to promise that
  you would not do so.
• If you are an older member who was hazed in the
  past, you may want to let new members know what
  is going to happen to them and help them devise
  ways to stop it.
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• Refuse to participate in the hazing. Others
  before you have done so.
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• Consider reporting the hazing anonymously or
  openly to University officials.
• At Bowling Green State University, you can
  report hazing anonymously 24 hours a day, 7 days
  a week by calling
• (419) 372-HAZE (372-4293).
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• And what if your group/team does not haze?
  Organizations that do not haze can play an
  important role in stopping hazing on campus.
• Here are some ways that your group can help
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• Develop a non-hazing policy statement and
  share it with prospective and new members.
  Communicate openly and up front that you do not
  haze.
• Speak out in public settings against hazing,
  such as meetings and conferences. Being vocal and
  visible in your opposition to hazing will help
  shift the campus culture towards less tolerance
  for hazing.
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• Consider a non-secret approach to your
  initiation/induction. Even some groups/teams that
  do not haze nonetheless like to keep their
  practices secret. However, being open about your
  practices would help contribute to a climate of
  openness on campus that would challenge the
  secrecy that perpetuates hazing.
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• Be vigilant in monitoring the evolution of
  your own practices, especially if your
  organization has engaged in hazing in the past.
  Maintaining a non-hazing approach requires
  ongoing attention, especially as membership
  changes over time.
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• Now that you have learned about many
  different aspects of hazing, lets review by
  taking a short quiz. Simply click on your answer
  to highlight it and then click the arrow to find
  out the correct answer.
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• 1. True or False If you are hazed
  unintentionally because the hazer did not know
  that what he/she was doing is considered hazing,
  then the hazer will not be held responsible for
  his or her actions.
• True
• False
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• The correct answer is FALSE
• Regardless of intent, an individual may be
  found responsible for hazing.
• Additionally, it is everyones individual
  responsibility to know what activities or
  behaviors constitute hazing.
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• 2. Which of the following is NOT a type of
  hazing?
• Degrading Hazing
• Substance Abuse Hazing
• Dangerous Hazing
• Humiliation Hazing
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• The correct answer is A Degrading Hazing
• All hazing is degrading.
• As defined by Alfred University (1999), the
  three types of hazing are Humiliation, Substance
  Abuse, and Dangerous Hazing.
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• 4. The active/older members of your group/team
  keep telling you to be ready for
  initiation/induction later that week. This is
  example of
• Substance Abuse Hazing
• Dangerous Hazing
• Humiliation Hazing
• It is not hazing.
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• The correct answer is B Dangerous Hazing
• A common type of hazing is psychological
  hazing, when active/older members try to scare or
  intimidate new members about different things.
• Psychological hazing can cause severe
  distress, fear, and resentment among new members.
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• 5. Your roommate just joined a new group/team.
  Today, you see her pull an egg out of her bag.
  You ask her why she has it in her bag, and she
  says the active/older members told her she had to
  carry an egg in her bag until Friday. She says
  she was told that she has to make sure she does
  not break it because the active/older members
  will know if she does. She also says that when
  she sees active/older members on campus, they ask
  to see her egg, just to make sure she is carrying
  it with her. This is example of
• Substance Abuse Hazing
• Dangerous Hazing
• Humiliation Hazing
• It is not hazing.
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• The correct answer is C Humiliation Hazing
• Though many behaviors constitute
  humiliation hazing, requiring new members to
  carry specific objects is often easily enforced
  among student groups/teams. Students are often
  required to carry around odd objects that
  normally would not be in a students bag, such as
  dog food, toilet paper, or eggs.
• However, the item does not have to be odd
  to be considered hazing. If an active/older
  member forces a new member to carry around a
  banana, it is considered hazing because the new
  member is required to carry it.
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• 6. Its midnight on a Wednesday. Two
  active/older members of your group/team call you
  and ask for a ride home from the library. They
  saw you at the library earlier that night. You
  tell them you left an hour ago and are already in
  bed. The active/older members say Dont worry
  about it and hang up. This is example of
• Substance Abuse Hazing
• Dangerous Hazing
• Humiliation Hazing
• It is not hazing.
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• The correct answer is D It is not hazing
• Although this may appear to be hazing, it
  is not hazing. It is simply two older/active
  members asking a favor from you, and you happen
  to be a new member.
• This situation would have been considered
  Humiliation hazing if the following changes were
  made to the scenario.
• 1. The older/active members demanded that you
  pick them up.
• 2. The active/older members had not seen you at
  the library earlier that night. They just decided
  to call you for a ride.
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• 5. To report hazing at BGSU, you should call
• The Hazing Hotline.
• Your advisor/coach/teacher.
• Your headquarters/governing body
• All of the above.
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• The correct answer is D All of the above
• Any of those resources are available for you
  to call if you are being hazed.
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• Overall, Bowling Green State University hopes
  this training was useful and informative. Please
  complete the short assessment as a way for us to
  learn ways we can improve this training program
  for future students.
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For all questions, please refer to the following
response scale1 Strongly Disagree 2
Disagree 3 Neutral 4 Agree 5 Strongly
Disagree
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In the space provided, please discuss the aspects
of the course you liked most.
In the space provided,
please discuss the aspects of the course you
liked least. What questions may
still be unanswered?

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72
Thank you!

Click on the arrow to end the training program