DESIGN OF AMORPHOUS MANGANESE OXIDE MATERIALS AS A SORBENT OF STRONTIUM

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DESIGN OF AMORPHOUS MANGANESE OXIDE MATERIALS
AS A SORBENT OF STRONTIUM

• MARSAGISHVILI T.A. KIRILLOV S.A. CHAGELISHVILI
  V.A. ANANIASHVILI N.SH. DZANASHVILI D.I.
  LESNICHAYA T. V. MACHAVARIANI M.N.
• Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
  Electrochemistry of Georgian Academy of Sciences
• 11 Mindeli str. Tbilisi 0186 Georgia
  tmars_at_geo.net.ge
• Institute for Sorption and Problems of
  Endoecology Ukrainian National Academy of
  Sciences
• 13 General Naumov St. 03680 Kyiv Ukraine
  kir_at_i.kiev.ua

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The basic sources of pollution of the Black sea
are

• From the rivers which flow into the sea
• From air during rain and without rain
• The sources are on the surface of the sea
  (ships) in the volume and at the bottom of the
  sea.

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Pollution of the Black sea through the rivers

• Unpurified drains of infectious hospitals and
  other medical institutions
• Application in agriculture of heightened doses of
  fertilizers and manure which get into rivers
  during the rain.
• Unpurified domestic waste
• Dumps where are found toxic substances for
  example lead and plumbous materials (used
  accumulators)
• Industrial waste from enterprises without
  corresponding purification and at accidents.

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The reason of existence of the problem Unpurifie
d drains of infectious hospitals and other
medical institutions

• Bad equipment for purification of waste water
• Bad technology for purification of waste water
• Problem with electric power
• Problems with chemicals

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Solution of the problem Unpurified drains of
infectious hospitals and other medical
institutions

• The new technology which is based on usage of
• Filters
• Membranes
• Ozone
• Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
  Electrochemistry of Georgian Academy of Sciences
• Institute of Membranes

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Solution of the problem Unpurified drains of
infectious hospitals and other medical
institutions
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The reason of existence of the problem
Application in agriculture of heightened doses
of fertilizers and manure which get into rivers
during the rain.

• Application of excessive quantity of fertilizer
• Absence of quality control of agricultural
  production
• Cutting down of forests for obtaining of fire
  wood
• (it results in soil erosion)
• Inclined plane of agricultural land areas
• (54 of total agricultural areas has angle gt
  30º)

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Solution of the problem Application in
agriculture of heightened doses of fertilizers
and manure which get into rivers during the
rain.

• The new technology which is based on usage of
  worms Californian red
• It is possible to receive 100 kgs of protein and
  600 kgs of biohumus from one ton of manure
• LTD Eco-progress
• LTD Elkana

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The reason of existence of the problem Unpurifie
d domestic waste

• Bad condition of a sewerage system
• Absence of purifying facilities
• Problems with the electric power

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Solution of the problem Unpurified domestic
waste

• Usage of new materials for production of sewer
  pipes (sewer pipes from plastic reinforced
  basalt fibre)
• Building of purifying facilities with usage of
  new technologies and new materials

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Solution of the problem Unpurified domestic
waste

• Sewer pipes from plastic reinforced basalt fibre

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Solution of the problem Unpurified domestic
waste

• Sewer pipes from plastic reinforced basalt fibre

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Solution of the problem Unpurified domestic
waste

• Sewer pipes from plastic reinforced basalt fibre

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The reason of existence of the problem Dumps
where are found toxic substances

• Absence of monitoring on dumps where may get
  toxic waste
• Imperfect technologies leaving toxic waste
• Absence of factories on complex processing of
  waste particularly plumbous

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Solution of the problem Dumps where are found
toxic substances

• Building of factories on processing of domestic
  garbage
• Building of factories on processing of toxic
  waste
• Building of factories for processing of used
  accumulators and for production of new
  accumulators
• - Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
  Electrochemistry of Georgian Academy of Sciences

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The reason of existence of the problem Industria
l waste from enterprises without corresponding
purification and at accidents

• Abandoned in dumps ore with toxic substances (for
  example As)
• Accidents on railway with spillage of oil in
  rivers
• Accidents on pipelines with spillage of oil in
  rivers

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Solution of the problem Industrial waste from
enterprises without corresponding purification
and at accidents

• Development of technology on purification of
  industrial emissions from toxic components
• Development of technology on purification of
  water from oil
• Development of technologies on purification of
  industrial emissions from radionuclides and
  obtaining of pure potable water
• - Mining Institute Academy of Sciences of
  Georgia
• - Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
  Electrochemistry of Georgian
• Academy of Sciences

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Solution of the problem Industrial waste from
enterprises without corresponding purification
and at accidents

• - Tbilisi State University

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Pollution of the Black sea from air during rain
and without rain

• The reason of existence of the problem
• Industrial emissions in atmosphere
• Exhaust gases of automobiles
• Soil erosion (up to 600 kg of soil is lost from
  one hectare of ground)
• Large-scale man-caused accidents of chemical
  enterprices

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Pollution of the Black sea from air during rain
and without rain

• The reason of
• existence of
• the problem

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Pollution of the Black sea from air during rain
and without rain

• Solution of the problem
  
• Application of ecologically pure technologies
  with waste purification
• Application of high quality fuel
• Improvement of technical condition of motor
  transport
• Transition of motor transport and sea transport
  on alternative or mixed fuel (natural gas
  hydrogen etc.)
• Application of modern agrotechnologies on control
  of soil erosion

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The sources are on the surface of the sea
(ships) in the volume and at the bottom of the
sea.

• The reason of existence of the problem
• Tankers for oil transportation (ballast tanks)
• Accidents of tankers for oil transportation
• Accidents of ships with toxic load
• Chemical weapons drowned at the bottom of the sea
  (60 000 tons)
• H2S

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The sources are on the surface of the sea
(ships) in the volume and at the bottom of the
sea.

• Solution of the problem
• Mathematical calculations of distribution of
  impurities on surface and in volume of the Black
  Sea.
• - Institute of Geophysics of Georgian Academy of
  Sciences
• Sorbents for absorption of oil spilled on the
  water surface
• Investigation of the problem. Possibility of
  application of H2S close to sources where
  concentration of H2S is high

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The sources are on the surface of the sea
(ships) in the volume and at the bottom of the
sea.

• Solution of the problem
• Technology for obtaining of foam plastic having
  high sorption properties is developed (sorption
  capacity is from 2 up to 10 g/g foam plastic is
  remarkable for cheapness simplicity of
  production). By preliminary laboratory
  investigations extent of purification reaches
  almost 100.
• Proposed sorbents may be regenerated up to 10
  cycles. Used sorbents may be used in building and
  production of asphalt
• - Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry of
  Georgian
• Academy of Sciences

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Design of Amorphous Manganese Oxide Based
Composite Materials for Wastewater Purification

• STCU GR85 Project
• performed by
• Institute for Sorption and Problems of
  Endoecology (ISPE Kiev Ukraine)
• and
• Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and
  Electrochemistry (IICE Tbilisi Georgia)

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STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Aims of the project
• Optimal design of composite amorphous manganese
  oxide based materials with prescribed absorption
  properties and
• Employment of these materials in
• Water management
• Energy production
• Catalysis.

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STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Water management
• Sorption of 90Sr and 235U as major radiotracer
  pollutants from drinkable water and wastewater
• Possible use of sorbents for sorption of other
  harmful cations (Cu2 Cd2 etc.).

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STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Water management
• Effective mixed MnO2-TiO2 sorbents for Sr2
  enabling one to operate in neutral solutions
• Irradiated MnO2 based sorbents for Sr2 and Cu2
  cations.

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STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Water management
• Substitution of the H ions of surface hydroxyl
  groups by Sr2 cations could be clearly uncovered
  by means of differential infrared spectroscopy.

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STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Water management
• The distribution coeffic-ients in neutral and
  acidic media are better than for the best
  commercially available sorbents
• The product is cheaper than the best commercially
  available sorbents
• Utilization of used sorbents can be performed by
  means of calcination at 400 C.

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STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Other significant results
• An ageing effect (an increase of the sorption
  capacity upon storage) has been discovered which
  is caused by dehydration of samples and
  rearrangement of remaining hydroxyl groups
• Theoretical predictions and experimental proofs
  of the role of raw materials in the properties of
  materials obtained
• Theoretical models of the process of physical and
  chemical adsorption on the surface of an
  amorphous solid.

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STCU GR85 Project Design of Amorphous Manganese
Oxide Based Composite Materials forWastewater
Purification

• Dissemination of results
• Sorbents for Cu2 are to be tested at Madneuli
  plant (Georgia) in wastewater purification
  processes

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