Hyperspectral Imager Program Development Allan Hollinger Manager, Sensors

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Hyperspectral ImagerProgram DevelopmentAllan
HollingerManager, Sensors Signal
ProcessingSpacecraft Payloads
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Why Hyperspectral Remote Sensing? Canadian
National Working Groups Recommendations

• Geoscience Working Group
• Develop a spectral library representative of
  materials in the Canadian tundra
• Software and algorithm development to help
  industry to use hyperspectral data
• Agriculture Working Group
• Identify the potential of hyperspectral data for
  precision farming
• Environment Working Group
• Applications for the identification of
  bio-indicators and indexes
• Emphasis should be placed upon the simpler cases
  of data representation, data integration
  (especially the merging of fine resolution data
  with RADARSAT data), information extraction and
  product delivery

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Overview of Canadian Capabilities in
Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Program Objectives

• To develop advanced hyperspectral technologies as
  partner in foreign missions
• To satisfy Canadian needs for high quality
  hyperspectral data products, and to provide
  better access to data for Canadian users
• To provide advanced hyperspectral information
  products for
• exploration geology and prospecting
• management of mine wastes
• assessment of environmental stress in ecosystems
  and coastal zones
• monitoring of water resources and aquaculture
• management of forests and agriculture

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Canadian Investment in Hyperspectral activities
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Canadian Expert Support Laboratory for MERIS

• MERIS is a 15 band imager (designed as a
  visible imaging spectrometer) primarily for
  ocean/water monitoring ? 300 m footprint) and
  3 day revisit cycle
• Simulate and evaluate MERIS data in diverse
  Canadian landscape and seasons
• Develop and test product generation algorithms
  for MERIS
• Evaluate benefits of information products and
  initiate a science framework for Canada
• Canadians have responded to the MERIS AO
  successfully

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Canadian Expert Support Laboratory for MERIS

• 2 Land Projects
• L1 (ISTS) -forest change
• L2 (U.Sherbrooke) -atmosphere correction (Land)
• 6 Water Projects
• W1 (Borstad) -FLH algorithm develop
• W2 (Borstad) -FLH algorithm test
• W3 (NWRI) -lake water optical parameters
• W4 (Borstad-BIO) -primary productivity
• W5 (Satlantic) -coastal water variability
• W6 (MDA) -sensitivity of atmospheric effects over
  water
• 4 Infrastructure Projects
• I1 (MDA) -project communications atm. corr.
  (water)
• I2 (ISTS) -intra project instrument calibration
• I3 (MDA) -management
• I4 (MDA) -MERIS ground station study

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Overview of Canadian Capabilities in
Hyperspectral Remote Sensing

• Hyperspectral Mission
• CSA and CCRS are providing a coordinated approach
  to facilitate access to hyperspectral missions
  and related opportunities
• Current activities
• Prepare options for Canadian participation in a
  hyperspectral mission
• Data and instrument simulation to ensure that
  mission meets Canadian users needs and to
  influence payload design
• Demonstration of applications to ensure that
  Canadian users can take full advantage of the
  data when a satellite is operational

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Hyperspectral Imager Technology Assessment
Objectives

• Examine Canadian participation in all aspects of
  satellite based program and provide critical
  assessment of
• Technical constraints
• Schedule
• Budget
• Leading to
• detailed design and fabrication
• user application studies and user development

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Hyperspectral SensorFunctional Block Diagram
Control Flight Computers
Command Telemetry
Instrument Control Electronics
Scene
Attitude Orbit Control System
Optical Calibration Subsystem
Fore-Optics
Telescope
Mechanisms
External Baffles
Timing Synchronisation
Data Handling Electronics
Sensor Subsystems
Raw Data Buffer
FPAs Pan Imager VISNIR SWIR
Signal Conditioning Analog to Digital Converter
Spectrometers VISNIR SWIR
On-board Calibration Processor (Radiometric
Correction)
Lossless Compression
Housekeeping Headers
Instrument Control Status
EDAC Downlink Electronics
Data Recorder incl. EDAC
Data Formatting Electronics
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Hyperspectral Imager Technology Assessment
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Hyperspectral Imager Technology Assessment
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Software Tools for Hyperspectral Imagers

• Goals
• 1. Datacube management
• 2. Spectral interpretation (match to known or
  identify unknown)
• 3. Combining spectral-spatial algorithms
• 4. Visualization tools
• 5. Browse, archive, retrieval and dissemination
• Some Developers (algorithms, proprietary and COTS
  tools)
• - CCRS (ISDAS)
• - CSA (SIDMF)
• - MDA (Geobox, Hawkeye, MIMCOM, etc.)
• - Borstad
• - Itres
• - Universities

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Hyperspectral Imager Technology Assessment
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1 Optical Technology Advancement

• Demonstrate fabrication capabilities for a
  three-mirror anastigmatic (TMA) fore-optics and
  on-board calibration subsystem optical elements
• Build and test breadboard optical components
• Perform fabrication and materials trade-offs
• Advance TMA and calibration-subsystem optical
  designs, considering e.g. straylight, scatter,
  opto-mechanical methods

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2 System Studies for a Hyperspectral Imager

• Establish system-level and instrument-level
  requirements, based on applications needs
• Develop system modeling tools, including
  applications algorithms, lumped-parameter models
  (LPMs) and data-flow models (DFMs)
• Perform systems analysis using LPMs and DFMs
• Models and analyses to include Cal/val
  requirements and functional performance
• Application algorithms should be well
  benchmarked including ground truth to
  distinguish instrument error from algorithm error

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3 Predictors for Lossless Compression of
Hyperspectral Data

• Investigate and Select optimum predictor for a
  satellite HSI program, considering performance
  and ease of hardware implementation
• Assess predictors performance, using
  Hyperspectral datasets from a variety of
  available scenes and sensors
• Examine benefits of on-board calibration to
  compression
• Consokidate buffering and compreesion electronics
  design identify critical components and
  implementation issues

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ESA Explorer Core MissionLand Surface Processes
and Interaction Mission

• Designed to meet research goals
• Relies on intensive study of partiular sites
• Examines BRDF algorithms and Remote Sensing
  Science
• Phase A study benefits from ESA Payload
  technology studies (HRIS and pre-phase A on
  PRISM)
• Alcatel/Aerospatiale won the competitive contract
• Completion expected June 1999

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Partnership Options

• Ongoing discussions with
• Australia - ARIES
• European options
• ESA Earth Explorer
• Land Surface Processes and Interaction Mission
  (Core Mission)
• SIMSA (German led Opportunity Mission)
• Smart Spectral (Dornier led commercial mission)

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Earth Explorer Opportunity Mission Issues and
Process at ESA

• Stage 1 Submission of Preliminary SIMSA
  proposal?
• Stage 2 Submission of Full Proposal Dec 1/98 ?
• Scientific Proposal
• Technical Proposal
• Feasible cost and schedule
• Technical maturity and understanding of key
  technologies requiring customization or
  development
• Programmatic benefits and alignment of SIMSA
  and LSPIM
• Selection of Proposals for Phase A/B - June 1999
  est
• Stage 3 ESA ITT to Industry
• Current Meeting provides an opportunity for
  forming a preliminary industrial team

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SIMSA Conclusions Nov 16-17/98

• Initiatives for EEOM Phase A/B or bilateral
  hyperspectral programmes
• Science programme description and definition
• Harmonisation of science programme for selected
  applications
• Baseline mission, satellite and instrument
  definition

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Status of ARIES

• ARIES Phase A and pre-Phase B completed by
  current partners
• Australian Tax Office ruling critical to ARIES
  funding
• Written ruling expected shortly Phase B set to
  start June 1999
• Preliminary discussions between Canada and ARIES
  in March and December 1997
• Major joint workshop held in June 1998
• Work package alternatives discussed
• Data rights discusses
• Meeting with ARIES held Jan/99
• Follow up meetings planned for spring 1999

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ARIES Consortium

• Currently there are three partners
• Auspace (a wholly owned subsidiary of MMS-UK)
• CSIRO (DEM)
• ACRES
• ARIES Operating Company (to be created)
• Finances operations through data sales
• Investors TBD

• Responsibility
• Space Segment Prime
• Applications Prime
• Ground Segment Prime
• Owns Satelliteand Data
• Contracts with AUSPACE, CSIRO and ACRES for
  satellite development and operation

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Australian Resource Information and
Environmental Satellite

• Goal to develop and operate a commercially
  sustainable resource information satellite using
  the latest hyperspectral sensing technology
• Outcome of 20 years of collaborative RD between
  Australias leading research agency (CSIRO) and
  the mining industry
• ARIES-1 Project Office created in October 1995
• ARIES-1 feasibility study completed in March 1997
• ARIES-1 launch in 2002 with operation starting in
  2003
• Australian consortium CSIRO, ACRES, Auspace Ltd.
• Other partners
• International groups of mining and exploration
  companies
• Australian and European Geological Surveys
  consortia
• UK Natural Environment Research Council
• Canada Centre for Remote Sensing (with the
  participation of CSA)

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Australian Resource Information and
Environmental Satellite

• Satellite
• Australian design and weight less than 500 kg
• Polar, sun synchronous 500 km above the Earth's
  surface
• Design life 5 years
• Sensor
• 32 contiguous bands in the VNIR (400 to 1100nm)
• 32 contiguous bands in the SWIR (2000-2500nm)
• Optional coverage of 1000-2000nm range with
  emphasis on atmospheric correction and
  calibration
• Spatial resolution Spectrometer - 30 metres at
  nadir Panchromatic - 10 metres at nadir
• Ground swath 15 km at nadir
• Off-track pointing to 30 degrees off vertical
• Revisit time 7 days at 30 degrees look angle