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Ecuador

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... zodiacal signs for Aries, Taurus, Gemini and Cancer corresponding to March, April, May and June. The Center is the sun, an ancient Inca symbol. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Ecuador


1
Ecuador
  • By William Lo
  • FYS Life south of the border
  • Professor Andy Lopez

2
The Flag
  • The Flag of Ecuador consist of three strips
    horizontal stripes.
  • The top color is yellow then middle is blue and
    the bottom strip is red.
  • The yellow strips is half the width of the other
    two colors
  • The yellow of the flag symbolizes the abundance
    and fertility of the nations land and crops.
  • The blue stands for the sky and the sea
  • The red symbolizes the blood shed during the war
    of independence by the soldiers and martyrs
  • The flag was adopted on September 26, 1860 making
    it one of the oldest flag in the world.

3
The Coat of Arms
  • The bird on the coat of arms is an Andean Condor,
    This native South American bird is on the flags
    of Chile, Bolivia and Colombia.
  • The four national folded flags act as supporters
    and between them are palm and laurel branches
    that symbolizes victory.
  • The Condor at the top serves as protection for
    the country under its outstretched wings.
  • The lictoral fasces represents dignity.
  • The background is the Chimborazo Mountain,
    highest peak in the Andes, symbolizes the
    brotherhood of the Sierra and the Coast

4
Coat of Arms Continued
  • Center of the flag is the steamboat Guayas the
    first boats in the Ecuador and one of the first
    in South America.
  • The ships mast is a caduceus (rod with two wings
    at the top and two snakes encircling it) and that
    symbolizes trade and accord
  • The band across the sky are the zodiacal signs
    for Aries, Taurus, Gemini and Cancer
    corresponding to March, April, May and June
  • The Center is the sun, an ancient Inca symbol.
  • The Ecuadorians has a special day for their flag
    call Jura a la Bandera translated to be Pledge
    to the flag ( very proud of their flag) ( hold it
    in high esteem)

5
History
  • The earliest history of Ecuador would be that
    numerous tribes thrived in Ecuador for thousands
    years before it was conquered by the Incas.
  • By the end of the 15th century, despite fierce
    resistance by different tribes, Huaynac Capac,
    Tupac Yupanquis son conquered all of Ecuador.
  • The Inca rule for with a deep rooted tradition
    culture until the arrival of the Spanish in 1532.
  • The Spanish Conquistador Francisco Pizarro set
    out in his expedition and eventually conquered
    and colonized Ecuador.
  • The king of Inca at the time Atahualpa was forced
    to submit to the Spanish since he lost most his
    troops in a civil war with his brother.

6
History Cont
  • The Spanish controlled Ecuador was viewed as a
    property of the king as with the other states
    that the Spanish owned and on the kings behalf,
    the Council of Indies carried out the law about
    life and living, while other departments carried
    out other daily life issues such as trade and
    law.
  • At the time when the Spanish were losing their
    grip in the colonies, the enlightenment as well
    as a failing economy began Ecuadors path towards
    independence.
  • The first minor incident that spark the
    independence would be the multiple civil
    disturbances that was in the mountainous area.
  • Once again the criollos the pure blood Spanish
    decent were sick of the privileges of the
    peninsulares sough independence

7
A little bit more
  • In the years to follow, the criollos fought
    against the Spanish troops and they lacked the
    support to fight against the government.
  • Eventually there were a wide spread opposition
    within the rest of the Audience de Quito and the
    junta approved a constitution for democracy.
  • Soon the independent army within the independence
    movement started to grow and eventually a chain
    of battles started between the armies of
    Venezuelan Simon Bolivar and Palacios and
    Argentine Jose de San Martin.
  • Eventually the patriot army won under the San
    Martin Army and Ecuador became an independent
    province.

8
Post World War 2 and current times
  • In the post world war 2 era, the banana industry
    helped put the economy of Ecuador in semi state
    of stability.
  • Through out those years, there were many
    president and other candidate however economy
    though after World War 2 although in a state of
    stability eventually went in to a crisis.
  • It was the fault of Sixto Duran Ballen and his
    tough macroeconomics policy that forced the
    country into that state
  • Eventually Abdala Bucaram succeed the presidency
    and his policy was not much of a help to the
    people and as a result he was also replaced by
    Fabian Alarcon.
  • In May 1997 following the dismissal of Bucaram,
    the people of Ecuador called for a reform to the
    Constitution and the national assembly produced a
    new constitution.

9
Currently
  • Currently, the economy of Ecuador is improving
    and it is growing steadily
  • However there is still minor issues with
    dollarization and other social problems linking
    to that problem.
  • Also there has been minor cases of corruption
    within the government but it is currently either
    being taken care of or still under on going
    investigation.

10
Economics
  • The Ecuador economy is largely based on petroleum
    production.
  • Exports includes shrimps, bananas and other
    agricultural product.
  • Ecuador is the largest exporter of Bananas (936.5
    million)
  • Ecuador is also a big exporter of shrimp (251
    million)
  • Ecuador also have been exporting different
    products in the recent years with items such as
    flowers and canned fish
  • Ecuador history of economics has always been
    experiencing many ups and downs, however in the
    long term, Ecuadors economy can be consider as a
    solid market but not very competitive.

11
Econ Continued
  • The total GPA as of 2007 estimates are 41.4
    billion
  • Real annual growth rate would be around 3.9
    since 2006
  • Per Capita GDP 3,326 from a 2007 estimate.
  • Agriculture around 6.1 of GDP in 2006
  • Industry around 8.6 of GDP in 2006 with oil and
    mining reaching 24.3 in 2006
  • Trades Exports 12.4 billion (2006) to the
    countries of United States, Latin America,
    European Union and Asia
  • As for Imports it is around 11.2 in 2006 as
    major importing countries are Latin America 39,
    U.S. 23, Asia 19 and EU 9

12
Forms of Government
  • The Government type is a Republic.
  • The Constitution provides a four year term for
    the president vice president and members of
    Congress.
  • President may be re elected after an intervening
    term
  • Legislators may be reelected immediately.
  • Executive branch currently includes 24
    ministries.
  • Province leaders people like ( councilors and
    mayors are directly elected by people.)
  • Congress meets throughout the year except for the
    recesses in July and December
  • Congress is divided into 20 seven member subject
    committee
  • Supreme Court are appointed by the Congress for
    life

13
Government Cont
  • Members of the Constitutional Court serve for 4
    years
  • Current government members
  • President Rafael Correa
  • Vice President Lenin Moreno
  • Minister of Foreign Affairs Maria Fernanda
    Espinosa
  • Minister of defense Wellington Sandoval
  • Ambassador to the United States Luis Gallegos
    Chiriboga
  • Ambassador to the Organization of American
    States Efren A Cocios
  • Ambassador to the United Nations Diego Cordovez
    Egers

14
Demographics/ People
  • Population estimated from (July 2007) 13,755,680
  • Population Growth Rate 1.55 estimated (July
    2007) Annual
  • Ethnic groups Indigenous 25 mestizo (mix of
    Indian and Spanish) Caucasians and others 7
    African 3
  • Religion Predominantly Roman Catholic (95) but
    there are also other religions
  • Spanish (Official) with other languages such as
    Quicha another dialect within Ecuador
  • Education is compulsory from age 6 -14
    enforcement of the rules varies, Urban areas has
    more attendance than Rural areas but schooling
    attendance is through 6th grade.

15
Provinces
  • Capital City Quito
  • 22 provinces
  • Azuay, Bolivar, Cañar, Carchi, Chimborazo,
    Cotopazxi, El Oro, Esmeraldas, Galapagos, Guayas,
    Imbabura, Loja, Los Rios, Manabí, Morona
    Santiago, Napo, Orellana, Pastaza, Pichinha,
    Sucumbíos, Tungurahua, Zamora Chinchipe.

16
Climate and Holidays
  • It was three mainland regions and the Pacific
    coast is tropical, the Andes highland is
    temperate and eastern side shares a jungle
    climate of the upper Amazon rain forest.
  • The location of Ecuador is near the equator and
    it does not experience variation of a change in
    daily light hours.
  • Some of its holiday independence of Quito and the
    Day of the dead.

17
Culture
  • Their culture is mainly influenced from the
    mestizo majority and they are mixed of European
    and Amerindians culture infused with African
    Elements.
  • The main Sport in Ecuador would be Soccer as it
    draws in majority of the population as well as
    the most watched sport in Ecuador
  • Food is diverse with pork, chicken, beef and
    guinea pig cuy
  • A popular food is in Ecuador is Guatita plate

18
Culture Cont
  • There are also wide variety of fruits, seafood
    (costal area for abundance) that are served with
    a variety of dishes.
  • Some typical dishes that are served in costal
    region are the ceviche, lomo saltado and
    churrasco

19
Culture Cont
  • Aguardiente a licorice flavored spirit is a
    popular national alcohol
  • Drinkable yogurt is also popular in Ecuador and
    is often consumed with pan de yuca, which is a
    bread filled with cheese.
  • There are many modern painting and novelist that
    came from Ecuador and they have produced a wide
    variety of famous paintings as well as films.

  • (Maldonados El Campo de Los Toros)
  • (Museum of Anthropology and Contemporary Art)
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