Title: Risk Assessment all risks approach
1Risk Assessment all risks approach
- John F. Ring
- BE Dip.OSH Dip.SHWW Dip.Env.Eng. MIITD MIFS
MIOSH Eur Ing C.Eng.MIEI. - College Safety Officer UCC
2Application of Risk Assessment
- EU/ IRL Legislative Requirement
- Safety Management
- Risk Management
3The Law Risk Assessment
- A Safety Statement must be based on a completed
risk assessment - Risk Assessments must be maintained and up-dated.
- HSA Inspectors in Cork require to see Risk
Assessments as follows - Job room area equipment activity process
basis
4Application of Risk Assessment
- Safety Management
- Prioritise safety action programme.
- Rank and prioritise safety audit findings.
- Evaluate benefit of accident prevention measures
costings.
- Risk Management
- Relative ranking of various types of risks (
all potential losses) - Prioritise actions.
- Prioritise expenditure (via risk and risk
reduction benefits)
5Types of Risk Assessment
- Quantitative
- Scientific studies measurements
- Comparison of results with limit values
- Occ. Hygiene Noise Structural design
Ergonomics etc.
- Qualitative
- Semi-scientific or non scientific
- Judgement decisions
- Professional and personal experiences/ biases.
- Codes of Practice
6Qualitative Risk Assessment (1)
- Decide on risk level using judgement
experience and technical knowledge - Low or Medium
- High or Very High
- Extremely Subjective
- Personal and individual variations!
- May not be bought in to by any medium to large
scale organisation
7Qualitative Risk Assessment (2)
- Use a numerical model to assess risk.
- Probability and consequence models
- Judgement technical knowledge and experience
required.
- Subjectivity remains
- A good model reduces personal individual
biases/ variations !! - Could be bought in to by any medium to large
scale company
8Problems with Numerical Models
- Every risk is either Very High or Low!
- Assessments often do not relate to reality!
- Results are easily rubbished!
- Not seen to be very scientific!
- Users may not be considered professional
- Non- life risks are generally not covered.
- How can other risk priorities be compared
9Risk Nomogram in use at UCC
- Semi-scientific
- Easy to Use
- Well received
- Risk Assessment by Dept. (devolved)
- Little variations in use
- Good spread of results
- Source Dr. Hani Raafat of Aston Univ.
- Economic Life and Environment Risk Types (on 1
model) - Graded Consequences
- Probability /Frequency
- Exposure duration
10Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat
- Four Types of Risk Consequences
- Economic (6 categories)
- Personnel (6 categories)
- Public and Reaction (6 categories)
- Environment (6 categories)
11Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat Risk Consequence
1 Economic
- Category I lt 1 k
- Category II lt 10 k
- Category III lt 100 k
- Category IV lt 1 m
- Category V gt 1 m
- Category VI Total Loss
12Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat Risk Consequence 2
Personnel
- Category I Insignificant
- Category II Minor
- Category III Major
- Category IV Severe
- Category V Fatality
- Category VI Multiple Fatalities
13Definitions Effects on Personnel
- Insignificant No human injury expected or lt 3
days lost time - Minor Injury/ Illness 3 28 or 56 days lost
time full recovery expected. - Major Injury/Illness 28 or 56 days lost
time or permanent slight incapacity - Severe Permanent incapacitating injury/ illness.
14Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat Risk Consequence
3 Public and Reaction
- Category I Nuisance ( Mild reaction)
- Category II Complaints ( Minor local outcry)
- Category III GP attendances /Complaints .)
- Category IV Hospitalisation or Local Media attn
- Category V Serious Injury or National Media
attn - Category VI Fatality or Govt Media attn
15Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat Risk Consequence
4 Environment
- Category I Insignificant
- Category II Temp. Short Term Damage
- Category III Major Pollution
- Category IV Severe Pollution
- Category V Widespread Damage
- Category VI Catastrophic Damage
16Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat Probability
(Likelihood) Ratings/Experiences
- 1 in 10 or 10 -1 (Frequent)
- 1 in 100 or 10 -2 (Probable)
- 1 in 1000 or 10 -3 (Occasional.)
- 1 in 10000 or 10 -4 (Remote)
- 1 in 100000 or 10 -5 (Improbable)
- 1 in 1000000 or 10 -6 (Extremely remote)
17Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat Exposure to
Hazard Time ( of 24 hr day)
- lt 1 (very rare)
- 1 (rare)
- 25
- 50
- 75
- 100 (continuous)
18Tie Line
Risk Level
100
- Extremely Remote (10 -6 )
Risk Calculator
19Life Risk Case Study A ( Risk Type Staff safety)
- Unguarded machine potential for limb amputation
- Regular breakdowns and clogging
- untrained operators
- No maintenance procedures
- 6 hours operation /day 25 of 24 hr day
- Regular accidents
201
1
Tie Line
Risk Level
100
- Extremely Remote (10 -6 )
Risk Calculator
21Improvement Option 1
- Train staff and provide PPE ( traditional
response!) - Same operating hours machine set up
22Tie Line
Risk Level
1
1
100
- Extremely Remote (10 -6 )
Risk Calculator
23Improvement Option 2
- Train staff and provide PPE has been tried
- Consider reducing operating hours to 3 hours per
day 12.5 of a 24 hour day - Retain machine set up ( un-guarded)
24Tie Line
Risk Level
2
100
2
- Extremely Remote (10 -6 )
Risk Calculator
25Improvement Option 3
- Guard the machine / provide appropriate
interlocks emergency shut off devices power
isolation facilities - Introduce maintenance lock off systems and permit
to work - Train staff resume normal hours
- Maintain the equipment
26Tie Line
Risk Level
100
- Extremely Remote (10 -6 )
3
3
Risk Calculator
