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Risk Assessment all risks approach

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MIITD, MIFS, MIOSH, Eur Ing C.Eng.MIEI. College Safety Officer, UCC ... Source: Dr. Hani Raafat of Aston Univ. Economic, Life and Environment Risk Types (on 1 model) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Risk Assessment all risks approach


1
Risk Assessment all risks approach
  • John F. Ring
  • BE, Dip.OSH, Dip.SHWW ,Dip.Env.Eng., MIITD, MIFS,
    MIOSH, Eur Ing C.Eng.MIEI.
  • College Safety Officer, UCC

2
Application of Risk Assessment
  • EU/ IRL Legislative Requirement
  • Safety Management
  • Risk Management

3
The Law Risk Assessment
  • A Safety Statement must be based on a completed
    risk assessment
  • Risk Assessments must be maintained and up-dated.
  • HSA Inspectors in Cork require to see Risk
    Assessments as follows
  • Job, room, area, equipment, activity, process
    basis

4
Application of Risk Assessment
  • Safety Management
  • Prioritise safety action programme.
  • Rank and prioritise safety audit findings.
  • Evaluate benefit of accident prevention measures
    costings.
  • Risk Management
  • Relative ranking of various types of risks (
    all potential losses)
  • Prioritise actions.
  • Prioritise expenditure (via risk and risk
    reduction benefits)

5
Types of Risk Assessment
  • Quantitative
  • Scientific studies measurements
  • Comparison of results with limit values
  • Occ. Hygiene, Noise, Structural design,
    Ergonomics etc.
  • Qualitative
  • Semi-scientific or non scientific
  • Judgement decisions
  • Professional and personal experiences/ biases.
  • Codes of Practice

6
Qualitative Risk Assessment (1)
  • Decide on risk level using judgement,
    experience and technical knowledge
  • Low or Medium
  • High or Very High
  • Extremely Subjective
  • Personal and individual variations!
  • May not be bought in to by any medium to large
    scale organisation

7
Qualitative Risk Assessment (2)
  • Use a numerical model to assess risk.
  • Probability and consequence models
  • Judgement, technical knowledge and experience
    required.
  • Subjectivity remains
  • A good model reduces personal individual
    biases/ variations !!
  • Could be bought in to by any medium to large
    scale company

8
Problems with Numerical Models
  • Every risk is either Very High or Low!
  • Assessments often do not relate to reality!
  • Results are easily rubbished!
  • Not seen to be very scientific!
  • Users may not be considered professional
  • Non- life risks are generally not covered.
  • How can other risk priorities be compared?

9
Risk Nomogram in use at UCC
  • Semi-scientific
  • Easy to Use
  • Well received
  • Risk Assessment by Dept. (devolved)
  • Little variations in use
  • Good spread of results
  • Source Dr. Hani Raafat of Aston Univ.
  • Economic, Life and Environment Risk Types (on 1
    model)
  • Graded Consequences
  • Probability /Frequency
  • Exposure duration

10
Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat
  • Four Types of Risk Consequences
  • Economic (6 categories)
  • Personnel (6 categories)
  • Public and Reaction (6 categories)
  • Environment (6 categories)

11
Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat Risk Consequence
1 Economic
  • Category I lt 1 k
  • Category II lt 10 k
  • Category III lt 100 k
  • Category IV lt 1 m
  • Category V gt 1 m
  • Category VI Total Loss

12
Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat Risk Consequence 2
Personnel
  • Category I Insignificant
  • Category II Minor
  • Category III Major
  • Category IV Severe
  • Category V Fatality
  • Category VI Multiple Fatalities

13
Definitions Effects on Personnel
  • Insignificant No human injury expected or lt 3
    days lost time
  • Minor Injury/ Illness, 3 28 or 56 days lost
    time, full recovery expected.
  • Major Injury/Illness, 28 or 56 days lost
    time, or permanent slight incapacity
  • Severe Permanent incapacitating injury/ illness.

14
Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat Risk Consequence
3 Public and Reaction
  • Category I Nuisance ( Mild reaction)
  • Category II Complaints ( Minor local outcry)
  • Category III GP attendances /Complaints .)
  • Category IV Hospitalisation or Local Media attn
  • Category V Serious Injury or National Media
    attn
  • Category VI Fatality or Govt Media attn

15
Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat Risk Consequence
4 Environment
  • Category I Insignificant
  • Category II Temp. Short Term Damage
  • Category III Major Pollution
  • Category IV Severe Pollution
  • Category V Widespread Damage
  • Category VI Catastrophic Damage

16
Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat Probability
(Likelihood) Ratings/Experiences
  • 1 in 10 or 10 -1 (Frequent)
  • 1 in 100 or 10 -2 (Probable)
  • 1 in 1,000 or 10 -3 (Occasional.)
  • 1 in 10,000 or 10 -4 (Remote)
  • 1 in 100,000 or 10 -5 (Improbable)
  • 1 in 1,000,000 or 10 -6 (Extremely remote)

17
Risk Nomogram Dr. Hani Raafat Exposure to
Hazard Time ( of 24 hr day)
  • lt 1 (very rare)
  • 1 (rare)
  • 25
  • 50
  • 75
  • 100 (continuous)

18
Tie Line
  • Frequency

Risk Level
  • Risk Conseq.
  • Frequent (10 -1 )
  • Exposure ( time)
  • High (D)
  • Probable (10 -2 )
  • VI
  • lt1
  • 1
  • V
  • Substantial (C)
  • 25
  • iv
  • Occasional (10 -3 )
  • 50
  • III
  • 75
  • Remote (10 - 4 )
  • Moderate (B)
  • II

100
  • I
  • ( 24 hr day)
  • Improbable (10 -5 )
  • Low (A)
  • Risk types1 to 4
  • Extremely Remote (10 -6 )

Risk Calculator
19
Life Risk Case Study A ( Risk Type Staff safety)
  • Unguarded machine potential for limb amputation
  • Regular breakdowns and clogging
  • untrained operators
  • No maintenance procedures
  • 6 hours operation /day 25 of 24 hr day
  • Regular accidents

20
1
1
Tie Line
  • Frequency

Risk Level
  • Risk Conseq.
  • Frequent (10 -1 )
  • Exposure ( time)
  • High (D)
  • Probable (10 -2 )
  • VI
  • lt1
  • 1
  • V
  • Substantial (C)
  • 25
  • iv
  • Occasional (10 -3 )
  • 50
  • III
  • 75
  • Remote (10 - 4 )
  • Moderate (B)
  • II

100
  • I
  • ( 24 hr day)
  • Improbable (10 -5 )
  • Low (A)
  • Risk types1 to 4
  • Extremely Remote (10 -6 )

Risk Calculator
21
Improvement Option 1
  • Train staff and provide PPE ( traditional
    response!)
  • Same operating hours machine set up

22
Tie Line
  • Frequency

Risk Level
  • Risk Conseq.
  • Frequent (10 -1 )
  • Exposure ( time)
  • High (D)
  • Probable (10 -2 )
  • VI
  • lt1
  • 1

1
  • V

1
  • Substantial (C)
  • 25
  • iv
  • Occasional (10 -3 )
  • 50
  • III
  • 75
  • Remote (10 - 4 )
  • Moderate (B)
  • II

100
  • I
  • ( 24 hr day)
  • Improbable (10 -5 )
  • Low (A)
  • Risk types1 to 4
  • Extremely Remote (10 -6 )

Risk Calculator
23
Improvement Option 2
  • Train staff and provide PPE has been tried
  • Consider reducing operating hours to 3 hours per
    day 12.5 of a 24 hour day
  • Retain machine set up ( un-guarded)

24
Tie Line
  • Frequency

Risk Level
  • Risk Conseq.
  • Frequent (10 -1 )
  • Exposure ( time)
  • High (D)
  • Probable (10 -2 )
  • VI
  • lt1
  • 1
  • V
  • Substantial (C)
  • 25
  • iv
  • Occasional (10 -3 )

2
  • 50
  • III
  • 75
  • Remote (10 - 4 )
  • Moderate (B)
  • II

100
  • I

2
  • ( 24 hr day)
  • Improbable (10 -5 )
  • Low (A)
  • Risk types1 to 4
  • Extremely Remote (10 -6 )

Risk Calculator
25
Improvement Option 3
  • Guard the machine / provide appropriate
    interlocks, emergency shut off devices, power
    isolation facilities
  • Introduce maintenance lock off systems and permit
    to work
  • Train staff, resume normal hours
  • Maintain the equipment

26
Tie Line
  • Frequency

Risk Level
  • Risk Conseq.
  • Frequent (10 -1 )
  • Exposure ( time)
  • High (D)
  • Probable (10 -2 )
  • VI
  • lt1
  • 1
  • V
  • Substantial (C)
  • 25
  • iv
  • Occasional (10 -3 )
  • 50
  • III
  • 75
  • Remote (10 - 4 )
  • Moderate (B)
  • II

100
  • I
  • ( 24 hr day)
  • Improbable (10 -5 )
  • Low (A)
  • Risk types1 to 4
  • Extremely Remote (10 -6 )

3
3
Risk Calculator
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