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Good Practices on Strategic Environmental Assessment

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While project EIAs are increasingly necessary it is ... Documents the findings of assesment in a written report as an input to final decision-making ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Good Practices on Strategic Environmental Assessment


1
Good Practices onStrategic Environmental
Assessment
  • February 11, 2005
  • World Bank Office Manila

2
Why do we need SEAs?
  • While project EIAs are increasingly necessary it
    is insufficient to improve economic devt.
  • Envtl. quality has deteriorated that piecemeal
    project-by-project approaches of conventional EIA
    no longer suffice to ensure prudent envtl.
    standards
  • Limited citizen participation
  • Weak legislation, policies and enforcement
    mechanisms

3
Overarching aim
  • Devt. goals
  • Improving governance
  • Enhancing assets of the poor
  • Improving the quality of growth
  • Reforming international and industrial country
    policies
  • SEAs main aim
  • To mainstream up-stream environmental
    considerations into strategic decision-making at
    the earliest stages of planning processes

4
SEA process
  • uses a family of tools to identify
    address environmental ( associated social
    economic) effects consequences of proposed
    strategic devt. initiatives to enhance
    effectiveness outcomes
  • Integrating tool environmental
    sustainability test
  • monitoring of PPPs

5
Upstreaming SEA in decision-making
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Policy
Cumulative Impact Assessment
Plan
Program
Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
Project
6
SEA
  • National devt. plans China, Poland,
    Central/Eastern Europe
  • Trade liberalization Vietnam
  • Poverty reduction strategy Ghana
  • National strategy for growth Tanzania
  • Transboundary resources planning and mgt.
    Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia
  • Land use planning South Africa
  • Tourism devt. plans Fiji, Vietnam
  • Sanitation sewerage devt. plans - Philippines
  • Agricultural devt. plans South Africa, Namibia
  • Mining devt. plans - Mongolia
  • Decentralization of envtl. mgt. Australia, New
    Zealand, Indonesia

7
Nine-Step Approach to SEA
  • Pre - SEA
  • Establish the need / objectives of the proposed
    action
  • trade, finance, economic, military other
    agreements
  • intl. conventions, multilateral bilateral devt.
    assistance, global issues
  • legislation, policies, plans, programs
  • govt. spending investment priorities
  • Determine if an SEA is required and what level of
    detail

8
Nine steps to SEA
  • Scoping Identify the important issues/ impacts
    that need to be examined assemble envtl.
    information.
  • Steps 1-3
  • 1) Find the stakeholders announce start of
    the SEA process
  • 2) Develop a shared vision on
    problems/objectives/ alternatives
  • 3) Do a consistency analysis new versus
    existing objectives

9
Nine Steps to SEA
  • Assessment identify and compare range of
    alternatives including a best practice envtl.
    option relate to costs and benefits
  • Steps 4-6
  • 4) Set TOR for the assessment of
    alternatives identified
  • 5) Do the assessment and document it
  • 6) Organize (independent) quality
    assurance

10
Nine Steps to SEA
  • III. Decision making approve, reject or modify
    proposal
  • Steps 7-8
  • 7) Discuss with all stakeholders the
    alternative to prefer, with reason for decision
  • 8) Motivate the (political) decision in
    writing

11
Nine Steps to SEA
  • IV. Monitoring and audit check to see if
    implementation is envtly sound in accordance
    with approvals
  • Step 9
  • 9) Monitor the implementation and discuss
    the
  • results

12
Four Phase Approach to SEA
Phases of SEA First phase create
transparency (1) Announce the start of the
SEA (2) Bring Stakeholders to agree on problem,
objectives alternatives (3) Find out existing
objectives in Country/ Region/ Sector whether
the new objectives are in line with the old ones
13
Four Phase Approach to SEA
Second phase technical assessment (4) Develop
terms of reference (5) Do the assessment,
prepare publish a document Publish organize
good quality assurance system
14
Four Phase Approach to SEA
  • Third phase Use information in decision-making
  • (6) Bring stakeholders together to discuss
    results and make recommendation to decision
    makers
  • Fourth phase Post-decision monitoring,
    evaluation audit

15
Key SEA Principles, Measures and Performance
Criteria
  • The following describes the components of SEA
    effectiveness / performance distinguish the SEA
    process from other processes with partially
    similar characteristics and/or objectives.
  • principles that describe good practice in SEA
    process design and implementation
  • key performance criteria and characteristics and
    measures that describe an effective approach

16
Principles for good practice Characteristics and
measures of effectiveness
  • Integrated - identifies key environmental, social
    economic effects of the proposed initiative
    their policy planning implications
  • Analyzes environmental, social economic effects
    interrelationships
  • Takes account of relevant sector spatial
    linkages , were appropriate, is tiered to
    project EIA decision-making
  • Incorporates environmental considerations into
    the mainstream of development policy
    plan-making

17
Principles for good practice Characteristics and
measures of effectiveness
18
Principles for good practice Characteristics and
measures of effectiveness
19
Principles for good practice Characteristics and
measures of effectiveness
20
Principles for good practice Characteristics and
measures of effectiveness
21
Principles for good practice Characteristics and
measures of effectiveness
22
Principles for good practice Characteristics and
measures of effectiveness
23
Principles for good practice Characteristics and
measures of effectiveness
24
Principles for good practice Characteristics and
measures of effectiveness
25
Perceived constraints vis-à-vis capitalizing
on opportunities
  • Little interest in subjecting PPPs to assessment,
    reinforced by fear of losing control, power and
    influence by opening up such processes
  • SEAs transparent, participatory process helps to
    realize good governance it supports informed,
    balanced decision-making, reinforces
    accountability and builds public trust and
    confidence

26
Perceived constraints vis-à-vis capitalizing
on opportunities
  • Concern that SEA will increase timeframe for
    decision-making or delay devt.
  • When integrated within the decision-making
    process appropriately and early, investment
    up-front in an SEA process will save time and
    expense of fixing the consequences of poor
    decisions later on

27
Perceived constraints vis-à-vis capitalizing
on opportunities
  • Lack of resources for perceived non-essential
    studies fueling perception that SEA will add
    costs and increase the workload of hard pressed
    agencies
  • SEA costs and workload will decrease over time as
    it is institutionalized and shared among various
    stakeholders

28
Perceived constraints vis-à-vis capitalizing
on opportunities
  • Unclear lines of accountability and
    responsibility for undertaking SEA limited
    appreciation of the potential utility of upstream
    assessment and doubts about the robustness of
    results
  • Efforts to clarify role and utility of SEA,
    international legal instruments and practical
    experience to operate national systems can be
    built on
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