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Pervaporation overview

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Use renewable resources vs fossil resources. Increase ... Ashes. Lignin. Cellulose. Hemicelluloses. Physical Characterization. Density. Water Absorption ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Pervaporation overview


1
Fiber Boards Production from Cynara cardunculus
Without Using Synthetic Resins
Camilo Mancera Arias Supervisor Dr. Francesc
Ferrando Piera Co- Supervisor Dr. Joan Salvadó i
Rovira
2
Discussion Topics
Discussion Topics
Outline Steam Explosion Pressing Characterization
Summary
3
Introduction
1
4
Cynara cardunculus
  • Wild Artichoke
  • Native from Mediterranean regions.
  • Potentially High energetic properties.
  • Source of Lignocellulosic biomass.
  • Research group projects association

2
5
Fiber Boards
  • Definition
  • Agglomeration of fibers
  • Adhesives
  • Pressure and Temperature
  • Classification
  • Hard Fiber Boards (800-1000 kg/m3)
  • Medium Density Fiber Boards (600-800 kg/m3)
  • Semi-hard or light fiber boards (350-600 kg/m3)

3
6
Lignin
4
7
Objectives
Production of fiber boards of commercial quality
from Cynara cardunculus with better ecological
properties.
  • Particular
  • Chemical characterization
  • Steam explosion
  • Identification and optimization of relevant
    factors
  • Study of other variables, soft grinding,
    exogenous lignin, etc.
  • Comparisons

5
8
Work Plan
6
9
Steam Explosion
  • Operation conditions
  • Water Vapor at 30-40 bars and 160-260 ºC.
  • Residence times of few min.

Steam Explosion Reactor
  • How it works
  • Impregnation
  • Flash Expansion
  • Extractives and Hemicelluloses Dissolution.
  • Fibers Partial Rupture

Pneumatic Valve
Tank
Lay Out Laboratory Scheme
7
10
Pressing
8
11
Characterization of Fiber Boards
  • Mechanical Characterization
  • Modulus of Rupture
  • Modulus of Elasticity
  • Internal Bond
  • Chemical Characterization
  • Ashes
  • Lignin
  • Cellulose
  • Hemicelluloses
  • Physical Characterization
  • Density
  • Water Absorption
  • Thickness Swelling

9
12
Target Properties
  • Mechanical Properties EU Std
  • Modulus of Rupture 40 MPa
  • Modulus of Elasticity 3000 MPa
  • Internal Bond 0,7 MPa
  • Mechanical Properties M. sinensis
  • Modulus of Rupture 61,2 MPa
  • Modulus of Elasticity 7500 MPa
  • Internal Bond 1,8 MPa
  • Physical Characterization EU Std
  • Density gt 800 kg/m3
  • Water Absorption 30
  • Thickness Swelling 20
  • Physical Characterization M. sinensis
  • Density 1100 kg/m3
  • Water Absorption 15,3
  • Thickness Swelling 5

10
13
Summary
11
14
Ph. D. Student Camilo Mancera Arias Universitat
Rovira i Virgili Tarragona, Spain January
2005 email camilo.mancera_at_urv.net
12
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