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Needs for and experiences with technologies for adaptation to climate change

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Title: Needs for and experiences with technologies for adaptation to climate change


1
Needs for and experiences with technologies for
adaptation to climate change
  • Iulian Florin Vladu
  • Technology Sub-programme
  • Adaptation, Technology and Science Programme
  • UNFCCC

Bangkok, Thailand
2
This presentation will cover
  • Technology framework and its thematic area on
    technology needs and needs assessment
  • TNAs definition and purpose. Priority needs
    for technologies for adaptation of non-Annex I
    Parties
  • Synthesis of technologies for adaptation
  • Issues for consideration

3
Major milestones for the technology process
4
Integrated vision Technology, policy and
investment
- Identify technology needs - Enhance access to
technology information- Improve technology
absorption capacity- Assess technologies for
adaptation- Collaborative RD- Endogenous
technologies
Biodiesel, concentrating solar power, IGCC, fuel
cells, CCS advanced steam cycle with flue-gas
separation
CCS in power sector (CCS advanced steam cycle
with oxyfueling, CCS-IGCC), hydrogen fuel cell
vehicles, ocean energy and fusion
Energy-efficiency (e.g. vehicle fuel economy
improvements, motor and steam systems, buildings
and appliances), renewable energy and reducing
gas flaring
- Economic incentives (e.g. adoption subsidies,
direct public sector investments and carbon
markets)- Market creation and transformation-
Regulatory approaches (e.g. emission taxes,
renewable portfolio standards)- Legislative
frameworks, and codes, labels and standards
(technology, performance)
- Enabling environments for technology transfer
Publicly funded RD, RD tax credits
  • Options for innovative financing of technology
    transfer - private financing advisory network
    - EU - GEEREF - new multilateral technology
    cooperation fund

5
TNAs What are they?
  • The technology transfer framework defines TNAs as
    a set of country-driven activities that identify
    and determine the mitigation and adaptation
    technology priorities of Parties,, particularly
    developing country Parties
  • They involve different stakeholders in a
    consultative process to identify the barriers to
    technology transfer and measures to address these
    barriers through sectoral analyses
  • These activities may address soft and hard
    technologies, such as mitigation and adaptation
    technologies, identify regulatory options and
    develop fiscal and financial incentives and
    capacity building

6
TNAs What are they?
  • The purpose of TNAs is to assist in identifying
    and analysing priority technology needs, which
    can form the basis for a portfolio of EST
    projects and programmes which can facilitate the
    transfer of, and access to, the ESTs and know-how
    in the implementation of Article 4, paragraph 5,
    of the Convention
  • ?
  • TNAs are central to the work on technology
    transfer. They follow a country-driven approach,
    bringing together stakeholders to identify needs
    and develop plans to meet those needs

7
TNAs Support, methodology and guidance
  • GEF has provided funding to 94 non-Annex I
    Parties to conduct TNAs through its interim
    financing for capacity-building in priority areas
    enabling activities phase II (also known as
    top-ups). 80 are being supported by UNDP and 14
    by the UNEP. Some 34 TNA reports are available
  • 1 expert meeting to identify methodologies to
    conduct TNAs ? UNDP developed a simplified,
    user-friendly handbook on Conducting TNAs for
    climate change The TNA handbook, produced in
    collaboration with CTI, the EGTT and the
    secretariat, was made available to Parties in
    2004
  • CTI, in collaboration with UNDP, organized 3
    regional workshops to field-test and further
    develop the TNA handbook, to discuss regional
    concerns and priorities in assessing technology
    needs and to further assist Parties in conducting
    TNAs

8
Mitigation
Adaptation
Input from NC, NAPAs, national development plans
Activity 1 Prepare a preliminary overview of the
sectors
Cross-cutting issues(Stakeholder engagement and
barrier analysis)
Review GHG inventory for mitigation potential
Identify key sectors and characteristics
Review national plans in identified sectors
Review available vulnerability studies
Identify vulnerable sectors
Review national plans in vulnerable sectors
Activity 2 Identify technology criteria for
assessment
Review technology options and resources
Prepare list of sectors with mitigation potential
Develop criteria to apply to vulnerable sectors
Activity 3 Prioritize sectors and select key
technology(ies)
Compile a list of prioritized mitigation
technologies and key sectors
Prioritize vulnerable sectors
Identify characteristics of prioritized sectors
Compile responses to address vulnerability
Activity 4 Identify barriers and policy needs
Conduct environ-mental technology impact
assessment
Assess capacity to use mitigation technologies
Conduct environ-mental technology impact
assessment
Assess capacity to use adaptation technologies
Activity 5 Define and select options
Rank and select prioritized mitigation
technologies and key sectors
Identify practical options for priority sectors
Identify responses and technologies
Rank and prioritize applicable technologies
Activity 6 Prepare a synthesis report
Output to NC, NAPAs national development plans
Full report (including a description of the
stakeholder process adopted, an evaluation of
sectoral needs and opportunities, a statement of
data gaps, project concepts/proposals, potential
sources of funding)
Summary report in NC
Communicate TNA findings
Implementation actions
Assess adequacy of financial resources
Ensure transparency
Identify potential synergies
Identify ways to reduce barriers
Continue stakeholder involvement
Revise plans as needed
9
TNAs What are the priority technology needs?
  • Synthesis of technology needs assessments (TNAs)
    FCCC/SBSTA/2006/INF.1
  • Highlights priority technology needs to reduce
    greenhouse gas emissions and facilitate
    adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate
    change based on information contained in 23 TNAs
    and 25 initial national communications submitted
    by non-Annex I Parties
  • Draws attention to specific barriers to
    technology transfer and suggests measures to
    address them, including through capacity-building
  • Highlights ways used to involve stakeholders in a
    consultative process to conduct TNAs, including
    the methodologies and criteria used to prioritize
    technology needs

10
TNAs How representative are their results?
11
TNAs - how priorities were selected? How they
relate to national development objectives?
12
TNAs What are commonly identified mitigation
technologies in TNAs?
13
TNAs What are commonly identified adaptation
technologies in TNAs?
14
TNAs What are commonly identified technologies
to address sea-level rise?
15
TNAs What are main barriers to technology
transfer identified by country?
16
TNAs What are main measures to address barriers
to technology transfer?
17
TNAs What are main capacity-building needs?
18
TNAs synthesis report key findings
  • The TNA is an effective tool for decision makers
    and international institutions that may be
    involved in the facilitation of the technology
    transfer process. The TNA process not only helps
    identify specific technology needs, but also
    points out the direction in which future policies
    and regulations will need to progress
  • The main beneficiary of the TNAs are the Parties
    that conducted them, as these reports provide a
    good basis for follow-up activities to further
    enhance the transfer of climate friendly
    technologies.

19
Synthesis of technologies for adaptation under
the NWP Approach
  • Synthesis report on technologies for adaptation
    identified in the submissions from Parties and
    relevant organizations
  • Mandated by SBSTA25
  • Submissions prepared based on a structure
    provided by the secretariat
  • Part of submissions provided on adaptation
    approaches, strategies, practices and
    technologies for adaptation at the regional,
    national and local levels in different sectors,
    as well as on experiences, needs and concerns
  • Serve as an input to the NWP and to the work of
    the EGTT on analysing and identifying ways to
    facilitate and advance technology transfer
    activities, including those identified in the
    technology transfer framework

20
NWP synthesis National circumstancesand
Commonly reported sectors for TA
21
NWP synthesis Technologies commonly reported by
Parties and organizations
22
NWP synthesis Types of technologies
  • Hard technologies, such as drought-resistant crop
    varieties, seawalls (e.g. in Male Island in the
    Maldives) and irrigation technologies (e.g. new
    or improved irrigation systems in Portugal)
  • Soft technologies, such as crop rotation patterns
  • Technologies were for implementation of
    adaptation actions (e.g., in the coastal zone
    sector such technologies aimed to protect against
    sea level rise (e.g. dykes in the Netherlands and
    beach nourishment in Cuba) to retreat from and
    limit the potential effects of sea level rise
    (e.g. technologies to relocate threatened
    buildings) and to accommodate sea level rise by
    increasing the ability of society to cope with
    the effects (e.g. technologies to prepare
    emergency plans, and to modify land use and
    agricultural practices).

23
NWP synthesis Status of implementation and
geographical scope
  • Status of implementation of technology related
    activities reported by Parties and organizations
  • Geographical scope of technologies cited in
    submissions by Parties and organizations

24
NWP synthesis Commonly reported concerns and
barriers for deployment of technologies for
adaptation
25
NWP synthesis Issues for further cosnideration
  • What would be the specific policy implications
    for development, deployment and diffusion of
    existing technologies (traditional and modern)
    for adaptation within countries, taking into
    account the important role of these technologies?
  • What could be done to develop high and future
    technologies and make them available to countries
    highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of
    climate change?
  • What criteria, if any, could be taken into
    account in addition to benefits, including
    economic/financial and costs, equity and
    social/legal acceptability, in choosing the
    adequate technologies for adaptation?
  • Submissions highlighted that many activities
    reported relying on existing technologies for
    coping with climate variability which may also be
    important as technologies for adaptation to
    climate change. What could be done to promote the
    development, demonstration and deployment of such
    technologies for adaptation through national and
    international mechanisms

26
(No Transcript)
27
  • THANK YOU!
  • Fvladu_at_unfccc.int
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