Title: Needs for and experiences with technologies for adaptation to climate change
1Needs for and experiences with technologies for
adaptation to climate change
- Iulian Florin Vladu
- Technology Sub-programme
- Adaptation, Technology and Science Programme
- UNFCCC
Bangkok, Thailand
2This presentation will cover
- Technology framework and its thematic area on
technology needs and needs assessment - TNAs definition and purpose. Priority needs
for technologies for adaptation of non-Annex I
Parties - Synthesis of technologies for adaptation
- Issues for consideration
3Major milestones for the technology process
4Integrated vision Technology, policy and
investment
- Identify technology needs - Enhance access to
technology information- Improve technology
absorption capacity- Assess technologies for
adaptation- Collaborative RD- Endogenous
technologies
Biodiesel, concentrating solar power, IGCC, fuel
cells, CCS advanced steam cycle with flue-gas
separation
CCS in power sector (CCS advanced steam cycle
with oxyfueling, CCS-IGCC), hydrogen fuel cell
vehicles, ocean energy and fusion
Energy-efficiency (e.g. vehicle fuel economy
improvements, motor and steam systems, buildings
and appliances), renewable energy and reducing
gas flaring
- Economic incentives (e.g. adoption subsidies,
direct public sector investments and carbon
markets)- Market creation and transformation-
Regulatory approaches (e.g. emission taxes,
renewable portfolio standards)- Legislative
frameworks, and codes, labels and standards
(technology, performance)
- Enabling environments for technology transfer
Publicly funded RD, RD tax credits
- Options for innovative financing of technology
transfer - private financing advisory network
- EU - GEEREF - new multilateral technology
cooperation fund
5TNAs What are they?
- The technology transfer framework defines TNAs as
a set of country-driven activities that identify
and determine the mitigation and adaptation
technology priorities of Parties,, particularly
developing country Parties - They involve different stakeholders in a
consultative process to identify the barriers to
technology transfer and measures to address these
barriers through sectoral analyses - These activities may address soft and hard
technologies, such as mitigation and adaptation
technologies, identify regulatory options and
develop fiscal and financial incentives and
capacity building
6TNAs What are they?
- The purpose of TNAs is to assist in identifying
and analysing priority technology needs, which
can form the basis for a portfolio of EST
projects and programmes which can facilitate the
transfer of, and access to, the ESTs and know-how
in the implementation of Article 4, paragraph 5,
of the Convention - ?
- TNAs are central to the work on technology
transfer. They follow a country-driven approach,
bringing together stakeholders to identify needs
and develop plans to meet those needs
7TNAs Support, methodology and guidance
- GEF has provided funding to 94 non-Annex I
Parties to conduct TNAs through its interim
financing for capacity-building in priority areas
enabling activities phase II (also known as
top-ups). 80 are being supported by UNDP and 14
by the UNEP. Some 34 TNA reports are available - 1 expert meeting to identify methodologies to
conduct TNAs ? UNDP developed a simplified,
user-friendly handbook on Conducting TNAs for
climate change The TNA handbook, produced in
collaboration with CTI, the EGTT and the
secretariat, was made available to Parties in
2004 - CTI, in collaboration with UNDP, organized 3
regional workshops to field-test and further
develop the TNA handbook, to discuss regional
concerns and priorities in assessing technology
needs and to further assist Parties in conducting
TNAs
8Mitigation
Adaptation
Input from NC, NAPAs, national development plans
Activity 1 Prepare a preliminary overview of the
sectors
Cross-cutting issues(Stakeholder engagement and
barrier analysis)
Review GHG inventory for mitigation potential
Identify key sectors and characteristics
Review national plans in identified sectors
Review available vulnerability studies
Identify vulnerable sectors
Review national plans in vulnerable sectors
Activity 2 Identify technology criteria for
assessment
Review technology options and resources
Prepare list of sectors with mitigation potential
Develop criteria to apply to vulnerable sectors
Activity 3 Prioritize sectors and select key
technology(ies)
Compile a list of prioritized mitigation
technologies and key sectors
Prioritize vulnerable sectors
Identify characteristics of prioritized sectors
Compile responses to address vulnerability
Activity 4 Identify barriers and policy needs
Conduct environ-mental technology impact
assessment
Assess capacity to use mitigation technologies
Conduct environ-mental technology impact
assessment
Assess capacity to use adaptation technologies
Activity 5 Define and select options
Rank and select prioritized mitigation
technologies and key sectors
Identify practical options for priority sectors
Identify responses and technologies
Rank and prioritize applicable technologies
Activity 6 Prepare a synthesis report
Output to NC, NAPAs national development plans
Full report (including a description of the
stakeholder process adopted, an evaluation of
sectoral needs and opportunities, a statement of
data gaps, project concepts/proposals, potential
sources of funding)
Summary report in NC
Communicate TNA findings
Implementation actions
Assess adequacy of financial resources
Ensure transparency
Identify potential synergies
Identify ways to reduce barriers
Continue stakeholder involvement
Revise plans as needed
9TNAs What are the priority technology needs?
- Synthesis of technology needs assessments (TNAs)
FCCC/SBSTA/2006/INF.1 - Highlights priority technology needs to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions and facilitate
adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate
change based on information contained in 23 TNAs
and 25 initial national communications submitted
by non-Annex I Parties - Draws attention to specific barriers to
technology transfer and suggests measures to
address them, including through capacity-building - Highlights ways used to involve stakeholders in a
consultative process to conduct TNAs, including
the methodologies and criteria used to prioritize
technology needs
10TNAs How representative are their results?
11TNAs - how priorities were selected? How they
relate to national development objectives?
12TNAs What are commonly identified mitigation
technologies in TNAs?
13TNAs What are commonly identified adaptation
technologies in TNAs?
14TNAs What are commonly identified technologies
to address sea-level rise?
15TNAs What are main barriers to technology
transfer identified by country?
16TNAs What are main measures to address barriers
to technology transfer?
17TNAs What are main capacity-building needs?
18TNAs synthesis report key findings
- The TNA is an effective tool for decision makers
and international institutions that may be
involved in the facilitation of the technology
transfer process. The TNA process not only helps
identify specific technology needs, but also
points out the direction in which future policies
and regulations will need to progress - The main beneficiary of the TNAs are the Parties
that conducted them, as these reports provide a
good basis for follow-up activities to further
enhance the transfer of climate friendly
technologies.
19Synthesis of technologies for adaptation under
the NWP Approach
- Synthesis report on technologies for adaptation
identified in the submissions from Parties and
relevant organizations - Mandated by SBSTA25
- Submissions prepared based on a structure
provided by the secretariat - Part of submissions provided on adaptation
approaches, strategies, practices and
technologies for adaptation at the regional,
national and local levels in different sectors,
as well as on experiences, needs and concerns - Serve as an input to the NWP and to the work of
the EGTT on analysing and identifying ways to
facilitate and advance technology transfer
activities, including those identified in the
technology transfer framework
20NWP synthesis National circumstancesand
Commonly reported sectors for TA
21NWP synthesis Technologies commonly reported by
Parties and organizations
22NWP synthesis Types of technologies
- Hard technologies, such as drought-resistant crop
varieties, seawalls (e.g. in Male Island in the
Maldives) and irrigation technologies (e.g. new
or improved irrigation systems in Portugal) - Soft technologies, such as crop rotation patterns
- Technologies were for implementation of
adaptation actions (e.g., in the coastal zone
sector such technologies aimed to protect against
sea level rise (e.g. dykes in the Netherlands and
beach nourishment in Cuba) to retreat from and
limit the potential effects of sea level rise
(e.g. technologies to relocate threatened
buildings) and to accommodate sea level rise by
increasing the ability of society to cope with
the effects (e.g. technologies to prepare
emergency plans, and to modify land use and
agricultural practices).
23NWP synthesis Status of implementation and
geographical scope
- Status of implementation of technology related
activities reported by Parties and organizations
- Geographical scope of technologies cited in
submissions by Parties and organizations
24NWP synthesis Commonly reported concerns and
barriers for deployment of technologies for
adaptation
25NWP synthesis Issues for further cosnideration
- What would be the specific policy implications
for development, deployment and diffusion of
existing technologies (traditional and modern)
for adaptation within countries, taking into
account the important role of these technologies? - What could be done to develop high and future
technologies and make them available to countries
highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of
climate change? - What criteria, if any, could be taken into
account in addition to benefits, including
economic/financial and costs, equity and
social/legal acceptability, in choosing the
adequate technologies for adaptation? - Submissions highlighted that many activities
reported relying on existing technologies for
coping with climate variability which may also be
important as technologies for adaptation to
climate change. What could be done to promote the
development, demonstration and deployment of such
technologies for adaptation through national and
international mechanisms
26(No Transcript)
27- THANK YOU!
- Fvladu_at_unfccc.int