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UNITED STATES HISTORY

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A GROUP THAT CONTROLLED A POLITICAL PARTY IN A CITY; OFFERED ... Both groups amassed huge fortunes both legally and illegally, but also did some social good. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: UNITED STATES HISTORY


1
UNITED STATES HISTORY 11.2.4 POLITICAL
MACHINE/ GILDED AGE
2
GRAFT
3
GRAFT
  • ILLEGAL USE OF POLITICAL INFLUENCE FOR PERSONAL
    GAIN

4
POLITICAL MACHINES
5
POLITICAL MACHINE
  • A GROUP THAT CONTROLLED A POLITICAL PARTY IN A
    CITY OFFERED FAVORS TO VOTERS BUSINESSES FOR
    POL. FINANCIAL SUPPORT

6
kickbacks
7
KICKBACKS
  • ILLEGAL PAYMENT

8
Gilded age
9
GILDED AGE
  • 1870-1890 PERIOD WHEN WEALTH CONCEALED CORRUPT
    POLITICS GAP BETWEEN RICH AND POOR GREW

10
patronage
11
PATRONAGE
  • GIVING GOVT JOBS TO PEOPLE WHO HAD HELPED
    CANDIDATE GET ELECTED
  • ALSO KNOWN AS SPOILS SYSTEM

12
POLITICAL MACHINES
  • 1870S- 1890S (Gilded Age) political machines
    controlled municipal (city) govt of most major
    cities
  • LED TO GRAFT/CORRUPTION
  • CAUSES
  • Rapid urbanization
  • Social Darwinism

13
CORRUPTION
  • Graft
  • Election fraud
  • Kickbacks
  • Bribes
  • Police forces were hired and fired by political
    bosses.

14
  • Once in control Members of pol. machine could
    become VERY wealthy through graft

15
the pyramid
  • Political boss Controlled pol. party in city
  • Ward boss secure votes by doing favors for poor
    providing city jobs, contracts, and
    appointments
  • Precinct captain gain votes on a city block
    report to ward boss

16
ROLE OF THE POLITICAL BOSS
  • Controlled thousands of jobs Fire, police, and
    sanitation departments
  • Controlled business licenses and inspections
  • Influenced courts

17
IMMIGRANTS ROLE
  • Immigrants supported pol. machines because they
    received favors Jobs, homes, naturalization
  • Many pol. boss were first or second generation
    immigrants.

18
TWEED RING SCANDAL
  • Tammany Hall - New York Citys powerful
    Democratic Party machine
  • William Marcy Tweed was early boss of Tammany
    Hall.

19
  • Tweed Tweed Ring pocketed 200 million in graft
    and bribes
  • NY CITY HALL
  • cost taxpayers 11 (145) million
  • actual cost 3 million
  • Tweed Ring pocketed

20
(No Transcript)
21
  • A political cartoon of Thomas Nast

22
  • What did political bosses have in common with
    the robber barons?

23
  • Both groups amassed huge fortunes both legally
    and illegally, but also did some social good.

24
  • Who developed term, The Gilded Age?

25
Mark Twain and Charles Dudley Warner
26
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
  • Mark Twain (Samuel Clemons) Charles Dudley
    Warner collaborated to write satirical novel, The
    Gilded Age.
  • novel used satire to depict American society
    from 1870 to 1900.
  • characterized as obsessed with growing material
    wealth contented poor allowed wealthy to control
    politics, which led to graft and corruption.

27
  • Characteristics of national pol. in Gilded Age?

28
  • corrupt and responsive to needs of Corporate
    America

29
  • Most govt jobs given out through patronage in
    the 1800S

30
  • What were the effects of patronage?

31
  • Incompetence
  • graft and corruption
  • Decreased efficiency
  • Led to demand for civil service reform

32
  • What were demands of civil service reformers?

33
  • reformers wanted jobs awarded to most competent,
    regardless of political loyalties (bipartisan)

34
What was Pendleton Act?
35
  • Federal jobs would be awarded on merit

36
  • What were effects of Pendleton Act?

37
  • Federal jobs filled by more competent and honest
    individuals.
  • Federal administration became more efficient.
  • Politicians found other ways to raise campaign
    funds political support.
  • alliance between government and big business
    became stronger

38
  • Why did tariffs become an important national
    issue during the Gilded Age?

39
  • tariffs were needed to protect American industries

40
  • What Act raises tariffs to highest level ever?

41
  • President Benjamin Harrison passes McKinley
    Tariff Act which raised tariffs to the highest
    rates ever

42
Became first president to serve two non
consecutive terms?
43
Grover Cleveland
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