The Principles of Teaching and Learning

1
The Principles of Teaching and Learning

• Adapted from Newcomb McCracken and Warmbrod
• Methods of Teaching Agriculture

2
What is a principle

• Webster defines it as
• a comprehensive and fundamental law doctrine or
  assumption
• an ingredient that exhibits or imparts a
  characteristic quality.

3
Principle One

• When the subject matter to be learned possesses
  meaning organization and structure that is
  clear to the students learning proceeds more
  rapidly and is retained longer.

4
Principle Two

• Readiness is a prerequisite for learning.
  Subject matter and learning experiences must be
  provided that begin where the learner is.

5
Principle Three

• Students must be motivated to learn. Learning
  activities should be provided that take into
  account the wants needs interests and
  aspirations of the students.

6
Principle Four

• Students are motivated through their involvement
  in setting goals and planning learning activities.

7
Principle Five

• Success is a strong motivating force.

8
Principle Six

• Students are motivated when they attempt tasks
  that fall in a range of challenge such that
  success is perceived to be possible but not
  certain.

9
Principle Seven

• When students have knowledge of their learning
  progress performance will be superior to what it
  would have been without such knowledge.

10
Principle Eight

• Behaviors that are reinforced (rewarded) are
  more likely to be learned.

11
Principle Nine

• To be most effective reward (reinforcement)
  must follow as immediately as possible the
  desired behavior and be clearly connected with
  that behavior by the student.

12
Principle Ten

• Directed learning is more effective than
  undirected learning.

13
Principle Eleven

• To maximize learning students should inquire
  into rather than be instructed in the subject
  matter. Problem-oriented approaches to teaching
  improve learning.

14
Principle Twelve

• Students learn what they practice.

15
Principle Thirteen

• Supervised practice that is most effective
  occurs in a functional education experience.

16
Any additional questionsor comments