Installing and Upgrading Windows

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Installing and Upgrading Windows

• Chapter 6

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Overview

• In this chapter, you will learn to
• Explain the installation and upgrade process of
  Windows
• Install and upgrade Windows 9x/Me
• Install and upgrade Windows 2000 Professional
• Install and upgrade Windows XP Professional
• Troubleshoot common installation problems

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Windows Installation /Upgrade Overview
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Identify Hardware Requirements

• Requirements
• CPU model
• Amount of RAM memory
• Amount of free hard disk space
• Video adapter
• Display
• Other storage devices

• Minimums
• Absolute minimums
• Recommended minimums

5
Hardware Software Compatibility

• Hardware Compatibility List (HCL)
• www.microsoft.com/whdc/hcl/search.mspx
• If your hardware or software does not appear on
  the HCL, dont panic
• Check the hardware or software manufacturers
  website for compatible drivers or versions
• You should always try to get the latest version
  of all drivers and software from the
  manufacturers website

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Windows Hardware and Driver Central
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Clean Installation or Upgrade?

• Clean installation is an installation onto an
  empty hard drive
• All applications will need to be reinstalled and
  reconfigured
• Multi-boot installations
• System partition must be formatted in a file
  system common to all installed OSs
• Install in order of vintageoldest to newest
• Except that you can install NT after any version
  of 9x/Me
• Upgrade installation is on top of an earlier
  version

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Taking Care of Data

• Determine how to backup and restore existing data
  if necessary
• Any data stored on the local hard drive needs to
  be backed up before performing the installation
• Data may be backed up to a network drive, a Zip
  disk, burned to a CD, backed up to a tape.

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Select an Installation Method

• Bootable CD or Boot Floppy
• Bootable diskettes for Windows XP?
• Check Microsofts Knowledge Base at
  support.microsoft.com and search for article
  310994
• Other installation methods
• Off the network
• Manual (attended) or scripted (unattended or
  automatic)
• Using an image
• Nortons Ghost (Symantec)
• PowerQuests Drive Image
• Acronis True Image
• Phoenix ImageCast
• Windows 2000 Server Remote Installation Services
  (RIS)

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Partitioning and File Systems

• Determine how you want to partition your hard
  drive
• Determine what file system you would like to use
• Consider compatibility with other OSs
• If you are planning a multi-boot, use a file
  system that all of the OSs can understand on
  drive c

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Determine Your Computers Network Role

• Standalone
• Computer does not participate on a network
• Workgroup
• Computer participates with a select group of
  other computers on the network, such as within a
  users department
• Domain
• Computer participates on a much wider scale
  across the network

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Language and Locale

• Decide on your computers language and locale
  settings

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Performing the Installation/Ugrade

• Text mode is the first part of the installation
  or upgrade process
• Inspects the hardware
• Displays the End User License Agreement (EULA)
• Partition hard drive
• Copies needed files for the next mode
• Reboots
• Graphical mode begins the graphical portion of
  setup
• Product key required write it on the
  CD itself with a Sharpie so you dont
  loose it

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Post Installation Tasks

• Service packs are the result of bundling a number
  of previously released patches
• Patches fix issues or bugs in the operating
  system and frequently add better security
• Updated drivers
• Always check for updated drivers the ones that
  came on the CD are almost never the latest
• Updates
• Reinstallation of any applications
• Restore data

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Installing and Upgrading Windows 9x/Me
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Preparing to Upgrade/Install

• Determine the minimum hardware requirements for
  Windows 9x
• Check the Microsoft hardware compatibility list
  (HCL)
• Run an antivirus utility and save any data when
  upgrading Windows

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Preparing to Upgrade/Install

• Ensure availability of a setup disk or a bootable
  CD-ROM (CMOS permitting) depending upon the
  Windows 9x version you want to install
• The Setup Disk may be used to partition and
  format the drive as required before Windows will
  install
• Use the correct version of the CD-ROM full or
  Upgrade
• Decide the type of partition to be used FAT16
  or FAT32

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Installing vs. Upgrading

• Upgrading
• A clean install requires partitioning and
  formatting of the drive
• The FDISK utility can be used to partition a
  drive
• Windows provides a Drive Converter utility for
  converting from FAT16 to FAT32 without loss of
  data
• CVT at the command prompt or
  CVT1 in Windows

Start ?Programs ?Accessories ?System Tools
?Drive Converter
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The Install/Upgrade Process

• The Install and Upgrade processes become
  virtually identical once the blank drive is
  formatted
• The SETUP.EXE program from the CD-ROM is used for
  a clean installation

Its a good idea to copy the contents of the
\WIN9x folder from the CD-ROM to a folder on the
hard drive. Installation goes faster and you
wont need to find the CD-ROM later when Windows
asks for it due to configuration changes.
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The Install/Upgrade Process

• Text Mode
• ScanDisk runs and a check for video and a mouse
  is done
• A few critical files are loaded
• Graphical Mode starts Install Setup Wizard
• See the following screens

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Setup Options
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Product Key
23
Choosing the Directory
If you are upgrading from Win95, you must use the
same directory that Win95 used.
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Win98 Installation Steps Concluded

• Prompt to make a Startup disk
• Prompt for network options
• Opportunity to save the Win95 files if upgrading
• Then the long copying process
• Hardware detection

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Installing Windows NT 4.0 Workstation
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Installing Windows NT 4.0 Workstation

• Large installed base at companies
• Usually installed on older machines at this point
• Note PnP
• Check the Hardware Compatibility List (HCL)
• On the CD in the SUPPORT folder as HCL.HLP
• On Microsofts web site
• Or run the NT Hardware Qualifier (NTHQ) on the
  install CD in \SUPPORT\HQTOOL folder
• Use MAKEDISK.BAT to create a bootable disk

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Installing Windows NT 4.0 Workstation

• NT supports FAT (FAT16) and NTFS4 file systems
• Use NTFS if possible
• Assumes you are part of a network
• Patch it as soon as you install it use Service
  Pack 6a

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Hardware Requirements
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Installing and Upgrading to Windows 2000
Professional
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Preinstallation Tasks

• Identify hardware requirements
• Determine whether your hardware is on the
  Hardware Compatibility List (HCL)
• Determine disk partitioning
• Choose a file system
• Determine whether your computer will join a
  workgroup or a domain
• Complete a checklist

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Hardware Requirements
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Hardware Compatibility List

• List of supported devices
• Tested drivers supplied for devices on HCL
• \Support\HCL.txt or http//www.microsoft.com

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Hardware and Software Compatibility
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Disk Partitions

• Setup checks for an available partition
• If the hard disk is not partitioned, create and
  size the Microsoft Windows 2000 partition
• If the hard disk has an existing partition that
  is large enough, you can use that existing
  partition
• If the hard disk has an existing partition, you
  can delete it and create a suitable partition

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File Systems Notes

• The only reason to use FAT or FAT32 is for dual
  booting
• Only NT or Windows 2000 can access an NTFS
  partition
• Partitions smaller than 2 GB are formatted FAT
• Partitions larger than 2 GB are formatted FAT32
• NTFS 5 includes disk quotas, file and folder
  encryption, and Dynamic disk configurations

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Networking Options

• By default Windows 2000 installs
• Client for Microsoft Networks
• File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks
• Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
• Workgroup or Domain

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Language and Locale Settings

• Windows supports many languages, keyboard
  layouts, currency, time/date display, and
  numbering

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Installing and Upgrading to Windows XP
Professional
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Upgrade Paths

• Windows 98 (all versions)
• Windows Millennium Edition
• Windows NT 4.0 Workstation (SP5 and later)
• Windows 2000 Professional
• Windows XP Home Edition

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Windows XP Hardware Requirements
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Hardware and Software Compatibility

• Windows Catalog
• Go to www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/compatibility/
  and select the Discover the Windows Catalog link
• Upgrade Advisor
• Insert the Windows XP CD and type setup.exe
• Select Check System Compatibility
• Then Check My System Automatically

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Booting into Windows XP Setup

• All Windows XP CDs are bootable
• Microsoft does not include a way to create bootup
  diskettes
• If you need them, youll need to access
  Microsofts website to create the six diskettes
  youll need

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Registration versus Activation

• Registration is still optional
• Giving Microsoft your name, address, company,
  phone number, and so forth
• Microsoft Product Activation
• Mandatory
• You will have 30 days from the date of
  installation
• After that the OS will disable itself
• You will receive numerous reminders to activate
  your OS

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Microsoft Product Activation
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Windows XP Installation Text Mode
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Windows XP Installation Graphical Mode
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Troubleshooting Installation Problems
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Text Mode Errors

• No Boot Device Present When Booting Off the
  Startup Disk
• Bad startup disk or CMOS is not set to boot off
  floppy
• Windows Has Detected That Drive C Does Not
  Contain a Valid FAT Partition
• Either you forgot to partition the drive or you
  have a drive formatted in a file system the OS
  does not understand
• Windows Setup Requires XXXX Amount of Available
  Drive Space
• Not enough hard drive space or you forgot to
  format the drive

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Text Mode Errors

• MSCDEX Error No CD-ROM Detected
• CD-ROM driver settings are messed up
• Not Ready Error on CD-ROM
• Damaged CD or maybe the CD is just not ready yet
  (retry)
• A Stop Error (Blue Screen of Death) after the
  reboot at the end of text mode
• Most likely a hardware compatibility issue or
  BIOS
• Check Microsofts knowledge base article 165863

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Graphical Mode Errors

• Hardware Detection Errors
• Hardware compatibility issue if its not a
  critical device youll be able to come back to it
  later
• Cant Read CAB Files
• CAB (cabinet) files are compressed files with
  .cab extension
• CD may be scratched try copying the i386
  directory to the hard drive and running setup
  from there
• This System Already Has An OS
• Occurs when trying to us a full version Win98 CD
  to upgrade Win95 just rename the following
  files in the system folder and restart setup
• Setupx.dll to setupx.ol1
• Setupx.w95 to setupx.ol2

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Graphical Mode Errors

• Lockups During Install
• Usually happens only during hardware detection
• Unplug the PC, then plug it back in and try again
  go into Safe Recovery mode which completes the
  installation with only the most critical hardware
• Bad CD-ROM or hard drive

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Windows XP Log Files

• Setuplog.txt tracks the complete installation
  process
• Detlog.txt tracks the hardware detection process
• Bootlog.txt tracks the boot process

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