Proposal for Saami Network Connectivity SNC Avri Doria Lule tekniska universitet

1
Proposal for Saami Network Connectivity(SNC)Av
ri DoriaLuleå tekniska universitet

• 29 May 2002
• Jokkmokk

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The Problem

• Shortly after arriving in Sweden from the US, the
  following problem was mentioned in a meeting I
  attended
• How can the Saami communities, dispersed as they
  are be part of the Internet.
• Available technologies, e.g. wired, satellite and
  cellular, were not viable options. If they were,
  the would be the best basis of a solution.
• This problem stuck in my mind and would not not
  let go until I had a possible solution.

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Solution

• Involves use of work being done by NASA and
  others on
• Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN)
• Mobile Networks (Monet)
• Mobile Ad Hoc Networking (Manet)
• NASA is supportive of the project
• Involves making a change to the way a
  sub-network is connected to other networks and
  to the Internet at large

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Possible Scenarios

• Fixed relay points
• Mobile relay points

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Fixed RelaySNC Time 0
Internet Connection Point e.g. Jokkmokk
Internet
6
Fixed RelaySNC Time 1
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Fixed RelaySNC Time 2
Internet Connection Point e.g. Jokkmokk
Internet
Community C
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Fixed Relay SNC Time 3
Internet Connection Point e.g. Jokkmokk
Internet
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Mobile Relay SNC Time 0
Internet
Internet
Bundles Blue I Green A Red C
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Mobile Relay SNC Time 1
Internet
Bundles Blue - I,A Green -A,I Red - C
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Mobile Relay SNC Time 2
Internet
Bundles I2,A A,I,C C,A,I
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Mobile Relay SNC Time 3
Internet
Bundles I2,A,C A2,I,C C,A,I,B
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Normal Internet
Message sent Now
Now 1 sec
Now 2 sec
Now 3 sec
Now 4 sec
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Normal Internet Connection

• In a normal internet connection, the
  sub-network, in this case a community,is
  connected for the entire time that communication
  is ongoing.
• For example In an email dialogue
• A persons system (the mail client) sends an
  hello
• The mail server responds with its own hello
• The persons system sends the message
• The mail server acknowledges receiving the
  message
• The message is delivered
• In other words, the dialogue between the client
  and the server takes place by taking turns across
  the network. This entire dialogue must be
  completed within seconds.

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In Delay Tolerant Network
Message sent Now
Now 1 hour
Now 3hours
Now 6 hours
Now 12 hours
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In Delay Tolerant Network

• In a DTN the delay, because of a lack of
  connection, makes using the normal procedure
  impossible.
• In this case the mail dialogue would be as
  follows
• Persons computer sends Hello and the message
• Some time later mail server accepts hello and
  message and sends acknowledgement
• Some time later persons computer receives
  acknowledgement.

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In other words

• Instead of having a normal network conversation
  similar to a telephone call
• Participant in a DTN uses a form of communication
  that is more like sending a letter.

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Applications possible in DTN

• EMAIL
• WEB with caching
• File transfer
• Telemetry
• Sensor Reading
• Herd Tracking

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Applications not possible in DTN

• Transaction based, e.g.
• Internet Banking
• Airline Reservations
• On Line chat
• Remote use of other computer, e.g.
• Telnet
• Applications that require a ongoing spontaneous
  dialogue

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Status

• 3 Person background project
• Ongoing discussions with IPN/DTN core team
• INTEL, MITRE, NASA/JPL, WorldCom
• There is interest in cooperation

Next

• Check Assumptions
• Document Project
• Obtain funding and other support
• Recruit other folks into the project
• Architect Simulate Build ?

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Check Assumptions

• Is there Saami village interest in the project?
• Establish a pilot area
• Determine availability of fixed relay points
• Record traffic patterns for mobile relay
  opportunities

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Documentation

• Project proposal for funding
• Architecture of pilot network
• Hardware requirements
• Software Design

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Obtain funding and other support

• Gateway hardware for every community and internet
  access point
• Routing and storage hardware for fixed relay
  points
• Special shock resistant low energy consumption
  routing and storage hardware for mobile relay
  points
• Support for field work
• Support for software development work

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Recruit other folks into the project

• Community liaison
• Project Management
• Hardware Engineers
• Software Developers

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Questions?
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Technology Overview

• Problems
• Suggested Solution
• Systems needed
• Software requirements
• Applicable standards and standards efforts

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Problems

• TCP/IP depends on
• End-to-end path that persists for duration of
  communication session
• Maximum round-trip is bounded
• End-to-end loss is negligible
• SNC as currently conceived is challenged in that
  it cant guarantee what TCP/IP needs.

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Communication Problems

• Normal Layer 2 data access is limited
• No broadband communications
• No wireless access
• Satellite communication expnsive and
  intermittent.
• Therefore need to resort to alternative L2
  methods.

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Possible Solution

• Combines Elements of
• Mobile Ad Hoc networks
• Delay Tolerant Networks
• Problem or routing when connectivty cannot be
  predicted.
• Technology from IPN/DTN
• Bundles
• Bundle Agents, GW and Relays
• Error correction

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Systems Needed

• Gateways
• General Purpose PC platform
• Large disk capacity
• Ethernet capability
• Wireless capability
• Relays
• Hardened/shock resistant platform
• Large storage capability
• Low power consumption

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Software

• Gateway
• Support application termination
• Bundling and unbundling of packets
• Add bundle layer to IP stack
• Network address translation
• Change routing to support DTN/AODV
• Relay
• Pure bundle relay system
• routing to support DTN/AODV

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Applicable Drafts Standards

• NAT-PT RFC2766 Network Address Translation
  Packet Translation
• DTN Bundles - Draft-irtf-ipnrg-arch-01 Delay
  Tolerant Network Architecture
• AODV draft-manet-aodv-10 Ad Hoc On Demand
  Distance Vector Routing