The Behavioral Analysis Model

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Chapter 3

• The Behavioral Analysis Model
• - B.F. Skinner, theorist

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Decreasing Misbehavior
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Decreasing Misbehavior

• Extinction

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Decreasing Misbehavior

• Extinction
• Differential Reinforcement

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Decreasing Misbehavior

• Extinction
• Differential Reinforcement
• Response-Cost Procedure

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Decreasing Misbehavior

• Extinction
• Differential Reinforcement
• Response-Cost Procedure
• Time-Out

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Decreasing Misbehavior

• Extinction
• Differential Reinforcement
• Response-Cost Procedure
• Time-Out
• Aversive Stimuli

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Extinction
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Extinction

• Extinction is stopping all reinforcement that has
  been maintaining an inappropriate behavior.

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Extinction
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Extinction

• Students behavior will usually get worse before
  it gets better

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Extinction

• Students behavior will usually get worse before
  it gets better
• Extinction may even induce aggression in the
  student

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Extinction

• Students behavior will usually get worse before
  it gets better
• Extinction may even induce aggression in the
  student
• Other students may begin to imitate the
  inappropriate behavior

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Extinction

• Students behavior will usually get worse before
  it gets better
• Extinction may even induce aggression in the
  student
• Other students may begin to imitate the
  inappropriate behavior
• The teacher must be strong and not give in

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Differential Reinforcement
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Differential Reinforcement

• Reinforcing a desired behavior different from the
  inappropriate behavior that the student is
  currently performing.

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Differential Reinforcement
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Differential Reinforcement

• This process can be used to reinforce lower rates
  of misbehavior, omission of the misbehavior and
  incompatible and alternative behaviors.

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Response-Cost Procedure
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Response-Cost Procedure

• Removing desirable stimuli each time an unwanted
  behavior occurs.

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Response-Cost Procedure
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Response-Cost Procedure

• The student looses certain tangible treasures
  as he repeatedly misbehaves.

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Response-Cost Procedure

• The student looses certain tangible treasures
  as he repeatedly misbehaves.
• The teacher can take away a reinforcer once given.

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Response-Cost Procedure

• The student looses certain tangible treasures
  as he repeatedly misbehaves.
• The teacher can take away a reinforcer once
  given.
• It is also important that the teacher reinforces
  good behavior.

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Time Out
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Time Out

• Denying positive reinforcement for a fixed period
  of time.

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Time Out
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Time Out

• Nonseclusion time out would include removing the
  object the student is using inappropriately.

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Time Out

• Nonseclusion time out would include removing the
  object the student is using inappropriately.
• Contigent Observation would be removing the
  student to the edge of the activity where he can
  observe but not participate

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Time Out
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Time Out

• Exclusionary time out involves complete removal
  of the student from the activity, but not the
  classroom.

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Time Out

• Exclusionary time out involves complete removal
  of the student from the activity, but not the
  classroom.
• Seclusionary time out is the complete removal of
  the student from the classroom.

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Aversive Stimuli
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Aversive Stimuli

• Harsh action that insults the senses

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Aversive Stimuli
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Aversive Stimuli

• Overcorrecting is requiring the student to repeat
  the desired behavior several times.

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Aversive Stimuli

• Overcorrecting is requiring the student to repeat
  the desired behavior several times.
• Negative Practice-Stimuli Satiation is having the
  student repeat the inappropriate behavior until
  it becomes tiresome and punishing.

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Aversive Stimuli
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Aversive Stimuli

• Sensory Insult is reserved only for the most
  severe cases. It uses extreme measures with
  parental permission to change a negative
  behavior.

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In Conclusion...
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In Conclusion...

• Skinners Behavior Analysis model is primarily
  concerned with changing misbehavior.

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In Conclusion...

• Skinners Behavior Analysis model is primarily
  concerned with changing misbehavior.
• There are five recognized steps to decreasing
  misbehavior in Skinners Behavior Analysis model.

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In Conclusion...

• Skinners Behavior Analysis model is primarily
  concerned with changing misbehavior.
• There are five recognized steps to decreasing
  misbehavior in Skinners Behavior Analysis model.
• These five steps include extinction,
  differential reinforcement, response-cost
  procedure, time-out and aversive stimuli.

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