Title: Emergency Vehicle Operator Refresher Course Ambulance National Standard Curriculum
1Emergency Vehicle Operator Refresher Course
(Ambulance)National Standard Curriculum
2Before you Begin
- If you have questions contact Todd Oyen
- E-mailoyen_at_nwscc.edu
- Call 256-331-5437
- You may wish to download the NHTSA EVOC
Participant Manual (this is a large file) NHTSA
EVOC manuals
3Before you Begin
- You may wish to download the free Adobe Acrobat
Reader if you currently do not have it. Some of
the links in this program are to PDF files and
you need the Acrobat Reader to open them. - Adobe Acrobat Reader
4Course Overview
- Legal aspects of ambulance operation
- Communications
- Ambulance types
- Navigation and route planning
- Normal and High risk driving situations and the
appropriate driving skills - Safety considerations
5National Standard Training Curriculum
- Comprised of three modules
- Module A Classroom/Cognitive
- Module B Field exercises
- Module C On the job training
6Module A-Classroom/Cognitive
- This refresher provides a review of what you were
taught in your original EVOC course
7Module B-Field Exercises
- This was performed in you original EVOC course
8Module C-OTJ
- Performed by your service/employer when you began
driving an ambulance - Checklists
- Ambulance Familiarization
- Ambulance Inspection, Maintenance, and Repair
- Normal and High Risk Operating Situations
- Operational Driving
9- This course will NOT cover pursuit driving or
high-speed operation of an ambulance. The U.S.
Department of Transportation recommends operating
at or below the posted speed limits and getting
to the scene safely. -
10Legal Aspects of Ambulance Operation
11State of Alabama Ambulance Operator
Qualifications
- Must be 18 years of age or older.
- Eyesight 20/20 in one eye/ 180 degrees peripheral
vision - Pass physical requirements
- Successful completion of EVOC
- Pass background check
- Acceptable MVR
- Alabama drivers license
- Familiar with EV operation under the laws of
state/ county/ city - CPR certification
State of Alabama EMS Rules
12Qualifications for Alabama Ambulance Driver
- A license will not be issued to an individual
- Convicted of vehicular homicide
- Convicted in the last five years of a DUI
- Convicted in the last five years of possession of
drugs or drug paraphernalia
13Qualifications for Alabama Ambulance Driver
- A license will not be issued to an individual
- Required to surrender his or her motor vehicle
license within the last five years - Convicted with the past five years of operating a
vehicle while his/her license is revoked
14Qualifications for Alabama Ambulance Driver
- A license will not be issued to an individual
- Convicted of being under the influence of alcohol
or a controlled substance while operating an
emergency vehicle
15To Maintain your Ambulance Driver status
- Keep licenses up to date
- Report all driving violations ASAP
- Remain physically and mentally fit
- Maintain a good driving record
- Participate in refresher training every other year
16Physical and Mental Fitness
- Are you physically fit?
- Well rested?
- Injuries that may hamper driving?
- Over the counter medication use?
- Ill?
17Physical and Mental Fitness
- Are you mentally fit?
- Worries or distractions?
- Ill family members
- Money problems
- Fights with significant others
- Alcohol or other drug use?
- Prescription
- Nonprescription
18Personal Appearance and Hygiene
- Professional appearance
- Prevention of the spread of disease
- Clean unit
- Clean, properly stored equipment
19Types of Regulations
- Constitutional Law
- Statutory Law
- Ordinances
- Rules and Regulations
20Understanding the Law
Ask Yourself This!
- What is there about emergency vehicle operation
laws that I need to know? -
- How the law works
- When I am exempt from the law
21How the Law Works
All organizational policies, S.O.Ps, rules, and
regulations should incorporate the principles of
constitutional law, statutory law and local
ordinances.
Municipal Law S.O.Ps
22When Am I Exempt From the Law?
- Ambulance operators are subject to all traffic
regulations unless a specific exemption is made
in the state or local statute. - Any exemption is legal only in emergency mode.
- Even with an exemption, operators can be held
criminally or civilly liable if involved in a
crash.
23Interpreting the Law
- Law of Due Regard
- True Emergency Situation
- Negligence
24Specific Exemption
- A specific exemption is a statement which appears
in the statues and specifies an exception to the
rule.
25Example
- During a run, you are following behind another
emergency vehicle responding to an emergency
call. You are approaching the intersection when
you notice a red light. The other emergency
vehicle stops, checks to see the intersection is
clear, and then proceeds through the
intersection. You then follow right behind the
other vehicle through the light. Was your action
within the law? Why?
26Example
- Yes
- There is an exemption for emergency vehicles that
allows emergency vehicles while operating in
emergency mode to proceed through a red light. - HOWEVER, when using Due Regard, each vehicle
should stop and clear an intersection before
proceeding against a red light. - You MUST use Due Regard
27Due Regard for Safety
A reasonably careful person, performing similar
duties and under similar circumstances would act
in the same manner.
28Due Regard
- Ask Yourself These Questions!!!
- Am I responding like my peers would in the same
situation? - Am I giving enough notice of my vehicles
approach to allow other motorists and pedestrians
to clear a path and protect themselves? - Am I using my lights and siren appropriately?
- Am I using extreme caution?
29True Emergency Situations
A situation that involves a high probability of
death or serious injury to an individual and
action by the ambulance operator may reduce the
seriousness of the situation
Who decides when a situation is a True
Emergency?
30Deciding True Emergencies
- Code system calls
- Information from a dispatcher
- Emergency services on the scene
- Medical facility physician
31Deciding True Emergencies
- En route to calls the dispatcher will determine
what is a True Emergency - En route to the hospital the patient care
provider usually determines that a call is a True
Emergency after the patient has been assessed.
32Negligence
Any action that violates a standard of care.
- There is a Duty to Act
- There is Breech of that Duty
- There is Patient Injury
- There is Proximal Cause
33Case Study
- An ambulance was transporting a young girl with
an injured arm to the hospital when it crashed
with another vehicle. The operator of the
ambulance was at fault. The crash caused an
additional injury to the child. The operation
could be found negligent.
34Abandonment
- Act of refusing to transfer or terminating
transportation prior to being relieved by other
qualified healthcare provider
35Good Samaritan Provision
- Protects person who gives aid at the scene of an
emergency from liability for additional damage or
injury
36Patients Rights(Constitutional Law)
- Consent
- Actual-conscious and mentally competent
- Implied-unconscious or for other reasons unable
to give actual consent - Refusals
- Respect patients right
- Witness
- Document
37Confidentiality
- Do not speak to
- Press
- Your family/friends
- Coworkers
- Do not relate specifics
- Consider what you say on the radio
38Other Legal Liability Issues
- Responsibility for passenger possessions
- Failure to report crashes or using improper
reporting procedures - Exceeding load capacity or the vehicle
- Failure to conduct/record vehicle inspections
- Failure to provide training
- Failure to maintain training records
- Failure to maintain written records or safety
meetings
39Scenario
- You are returning from a run when a car pulls up
beside you while you are stopped at a traffic
light. The individual informs you that a
three-vehicle crash has just occurred on the
nearby interstate. No other emergency vehicles
are at the scene. The individual informs you
that several of the victims are trapped in the
cars. The severity of the injuries is unknown.
Is this a true emergency? Why?
40Scenario
- This is a true emergency. The extent of the
injuries is unknown. The time you save by
running in emergency mode may reduce injuries and
save lives. - This is a situation that involves a high
probability of death or serious injury to an
individual and action by the ambulance operator
may reduce the seriousness of the situation - You should contact dispatch prior to responding.
Dispatch may already be aware of the accident and
has contacted a closer unit
41Scenario
- Your ambulance is traveling the wrong way down a
one-way street while en route to a fire at a
large apartment complex where people are reported
injured. You are using the signaling equipment.
Are you observing due regard? Why?
42Scenario
- Maybe.
- Due Regard A reasonably careful person,
performing similar duties and under similar
circumstances would act in the same manner. - Ask these questions
- Am I responding like my peers would in the same
situation? - Am I giving enough notice of my vehicles
approach to allow other motorists and pedestrians
to clear a path and protect themselves? - Am I using my lights and siren appropriately?
- Am I using extreme caution?
-
43Scenario
- A dispatcher reports that a man phoned requesting
help. The man is hysterical and the dispatcher
can not determine the extent of the injuries.
You respond in an emergency mode. En route, you
receive a call from the dispatcher. He reports
the man has calmed down and the man thinks his
son may have broken his ankle there is some pain
and swelling. Is this a true emergency
situation? Why?
44Scenario
- Is this a situation that involves a high
probability of death or serious injury to an
individual and action by the ambulance operator
may reduce the seriousness of the situation? - Most people would feel that a possibly fractured
ankle is not a True Emergency. However, dispatch
may have information that you are not aware of,
and you should follow the directions of the
dispatcher.
45Legal issues surrounding ambulance operation is
a serious subject. You can be sued. Knowing the
laws makes a difference and helps you to act
legally smart .
46Communication and Reporting Roles and
Responsibilities
47Communication Responsibilities
- EMT
- Communicate and help navigate
- Dispatcher
- Coordinates all activities for the call
- Ambulance Operator
- Safely and efficiently drive the ambulance
communicate only during non-driving points - Before leaving the scene
- After arriving at the hospital
48Dispatch Information
- Two critical points must be known by the driver
- Address of the emergency
- Description of the emergency
- Nature of the emergency
- Number of patients
- Other pertinent information
49Routine Reporting Points
- Prerun
- When dispatched on a call
- Upon arrival at the scene
- Scene update
- Before scene departure
- En route to medical facility
- After arriving at the medical facility
- When headed back to the station
50Communication Equipment
- Most common types of equipment
- Radios-most common
- Cell phones
- Telemetry
- Satellite
51Phonetic Alphabet
- Use of words to symbolize letters
- A-alpha
- W-whiskey
- Use has become minimized in favor of plain English
52Composing Messages
- Seven things to remember when sending radio
messages - Plan
- Identify person called, then the calling unit
- Be brief
- Use plain English
- Pronounce words clearly
- Spell phonetically
- Repeat Directions
53EMT Communication Responsibility
- The EMT in the passenger seat is responsible for
communication when the operator is driving
54Dispatcher Responsibility
- Coordinate calls for an agency
- Provide pre-arrival instructions
- Coordinate with other agencies
55Operator Reporting Requirements
- Only during non-driving points
- Before leaving the scene
- Transport mode
- What facility
- When arriving at medical facility
- When leaving the vehicle
56Ambulance Types and Operation
57The KKK-A-1822 federal specifications standards
published by General Services Administration
(GSA) recognizes three types of ambulances.
58Star of Life
- Can only be displayed when an ambulance meets KKK
specifications
59Ambulance Types
- Type I
- conventional truck, cab-chassis with modular body
60Ambulance Types
- Type II
- standard van, integral cab-body ambulance
61Ambulance Types
- Type III
- cutaway van, cab-chassis with integral or
containerized modular body ambulance
62Weight Restrictions
- No matter what type of ambulance you drive, you
must know the weight restrictions to operate it
safely. - Payload capacity is the term used to describe
crew members and patients
63Ambulance Operation
- Size - affects maneuverability, wider and longer
than your car - Weight - affects acceleration and braking
- Visibility - blind spots use a ground guide when
backing
64Vehicle Inspection, Maintenance, and Repair
65Vehicle Inspection, Maintenance and Repair
- Inspect the vehicle according to established
procedures - Make sure all scheduled maintenance has been
performed - You may be held legally responsible for
preventable accidents - Make sure all needed repairs have been made
66Inspections
- Quick Check
- Each sift
- Full Inspections
- When designated by your organization
67Systematic Vehicle Inspections
- Find and report problems
- Track preventive maintenance
- Document vehicle conditions
- if its not in writing, it did not happen
68Recommended Inspection Schedule
69Vehicle Inspections
- Quick check for systems to check most often
- Full check for all systems checked without
special equipment or facilities
70Sample Checklist
71Checklist FormatAmbulance Identification/Instruct
ions
72Checklist FormatInspection Sequence
73Checklist Format Items
74Checklist Format Check Column
75Checklist FormatProblem/OK/Work Columns
76Example
- Suppose a vehicle you have inspected has one
cracked turn signal lens and a slow oil leak. Do
you place it in service? - Probably yes, but the items must be documented
and the information given to your supervisor
77Example
- It is a clear day and you have a broken
windshield wiper. What do you do? - You are probably authorized to fix the windshield
wiper. Regardless of weather, there are times
you may need your windshield wipers. The unit
should be taken out of service.
78Inspection Sequence
- 1. Overall appearance
- 2. Operator compartment
- 3. Exterior operators side
- 4. Exterior front
- 5. Engine compartment
- 6. Exterior passengers side
- 7. Patient compartment
- 8. Exterior rear
79Refusing to Drive an Unsafe Vehicle
- You should never operate a vehicle that is not in
safe operating condition - The Federal Injury/Illness Prevention Program
supports an operators right to refuse to drive
an unsafe vehicle
80Injury/Illness Prevention Program
- Federally mandated program
- Specifies who is to do safety checks on the
vehicle - Specifies who is to do the maintenance on the
vehicle - Identifies who is at fault if maintenance is not
performed
81Navigation and Route Planning
82Operator Negligence
- Failing to inspect a vehicle thoroughly in
accordance with the organizations requirements. - Knowingly operating an unsafe vehicle
- You will be held responsible for any PREVENTABLE
accident that leads to an accident or loss of
life.
83Operator Responsibility
- Making repairs you are authorized to make
- Documenting any needed repairs found during an
inspection - Making sure repairs have been completed
84Advantages of Preventive Maintenance
- Ensures safe, reliable vehicle operation
- Reduces total cost of repairs
- Minimizes major equipment failure
85Malfunction During a Run
- Ensure patient care
- Use your communication equipment
86Route Planning
- Route planning is a key decision for both urban
and rural area driving. Each time you leave on a
run, you must decide on a route that is quick and
avoids potential hazards or delays
87SAFETY is the most important factor when driving
to the scene
88Choose routes that...
- Minimize stops and turns
- Avoid intersections
- Avoid residential streets - posted speed limits
are lower, children, pets, etc.
89After the patient has been loaded, the EMT will
be caring for the patient and not able to help
navigate
90Route Planning
- Minimize travel time
- Minimize crash exposure
- Allow operator to focus attention on driving
- Avoid environmental and construction hazards
- Arrive at the scene, and transport to the
hospital in the most efficient way - Avoid residential areas is possible
91On the way to a scene, you and the crew should
communicate and navigate the route together
92Operator Familiarization
- Primary and alternate routes
- New construction
- Local landmarks and reference points
- Traffic flow changes
- Height restrictions
- How to read a map book
93Basic Maneuvers and Normal Operating Situations
94One of the most dangerous areas of a road
surface is that area where the surface changes
from one type to another, such as from asphalt to
gravel
95Alternate Routes
- When a primary route is blocked
- Construction
- Hazards
- Time of day
- Location
- Plan secondary routes
96Adjust Driving for Road Conditions
- Bridges/Ramps/Overpasses
- Consider the height of the ambulance
- Curves
- Banking with inside lower
- Crown
- Water drainage
- Roadside engineering
97Adjust Driving to Road Surfaces
- Asphalt
- Concrete
- Dirt/Gravel
98Adjust Driving for Road Conditions
- Bumps
- Mud
- Potholes
- Animals / Tree limbs
99Adverse Effects on a Patient When Riding in an
Ambulance
- Pain
- Fright
- Nausea
- Further complications
100Good driving skills can positively influence the
quality of a patients ride
101Four Main Driving Skills
- Cornering
- Braking
- Accelerating
- Maintaining appropriate speed
102Adverse Effects on a Medical Team When Riding an
Ambulance
- Cant properly treat patient
- Moving equipment
- Problems handling a terrified patient
103Ambulance Suspension System
- Designed to do two things
- Keep all four wheels firmly on the ground so that
you can steer, brake, and accelerate - To isolate the body and its occupants from the
bouncing of the wheels
104Begin Braking Early
- Total Stopping Distance
- Reaction Time Braking Time
105To Maximize the time and distance available for
braking, you need to place your ambulance in the
safest position by following a simple rule.
1062 - 4 - 12 Rule
- 2 second interval below 55 mph
- 4 second interval above 55 mph
- 12 second visual lead time
107Always try to accelerate smoothly and steadily---
Go no faster than necessary
108There is a delicate balance between the operator,
the machine, and the environment
109The ambulance is responsible for only 1 of
crashes,the environment for only 10.That
leaves you, the operator.
110Most collisions are PREVENTABLE
111Preventing Collisions
- Drive defensively
- Maintain a safety cushion
- Be aware of your surroundings
112Defensive Driving
- Good driving habits
- Be prepared to act
- Expect the unexpected
- Have plan of action at all times
- Exercise good judgment
- Be aware that other drivers cannot be relied upon
to drive properly and safely
113Passing-Two Lane Roads
- Visually clear oncoming lane
- Change lanes
- Accelerate past vehicle
- Smoothly pull back into lane
114Backing
- Backing accidents account for 85 of single
vehicle accidents with ambulances - Use ground guide at left rear
- Keep guide in view at all times
- Use side mirrors
- Accelerate slowly
115Communication with Other Drivers
- Lights
- Horn
- Eye contact
- Hand signals
- Siren
116Pre-Crash Planning
- Keep doors locked
- Wear your seat belt
- Have good housekeeping habits
117Preparing for the Crash
- Reduce
- Speed
- Angle of impact
- Size and hardness of object
118Operations in Emergency Mode and Unusual
Situations
119Emergency Driving
- Using clearly defined procedures in the operation
of an ambulance when responding to a medical
emergency, including the use of emergency
signaling devices, such as lights and siren.
120Emergency Signaling Devices (Lights Siren)
- Notify other drivers that an emergency vehicle is
approaching - Request that other drivers yield the right of way
to the ambulance
121Other Drivers Responses
- Most will yield the right-of-way if
- They realize you are there
- Have sufficient time to respond
- Have time and space to carry out their decision
122Controlled Intersections
- What is a controlled intersection?
- What are ambulances in emergency mode allowed to
do?
123Dangers
- 60 of ambulance crashes occur at intersections
with stop signs and traffic lights
124Law of Due Regard
- A reasonable careful person, performing similar
duties and under similar circumstances, would act
in the same manner
125National Voluntary Consensus Standards
- Siren to wail mode 300 feet prior to intersection
- Siren to yelp mode 150 feet prior to intersection
- Brake to stop at crosswalk line
- Two blasts of air horn
126National Voluntary Consensus Standards
- Stop, look, make eye contact, proceed
- Continue yelp mode, proceed with highest degree
of care - Clear each lane prior to crossing
- Anticipate vehicles entering from right and left
127National Voluntary Consensus Standards
- Anticipate multiple responding units
- Avoid passing stopped vehicles on the right
- Turn right after drivers on the right are aware
of ambulance - Anticipate left turns in front of ambulance by
oncoming traffic - Beware of other intersection hazards
128Driving Against Traffic
- Do not enter opposing traffic lane until all
oncoming vehicles are aware of ambulances
presence - Do not enter one-way street against traffic until
all opposing traffic has yielded right of way
129Multiple Responding Units
- Be aware at intersections
- Maintain 300-400 feet distance between units
130Adverse Conditions
131Conditions Affecting Traction
- Rain
- Snow and ice
- High winds
- Leaves
- Temperature
132To Improve Traction
- Reduce speed
- Steer, brake, accelerate smoothly
133Traction Devices
134Skidding
- Causes
- Over acceleration
- Turning too sharply
- Not enough weight on the front axle
- Correction
- Release the accelerator
- Turn into the skid
135Hot-Weather
- Inspect the tires more frequently since they are
more likely to fail
136Conditions Affecting Vision
- Night driving
- Rain and fog
- The vehicle
- The driver
137Night Driving
- Conceals hazards
- More difficult to judge other vehicles speed and
position - Peripheral vision is reduced if you smoke
- Adequate lighting is limited
- Glare can impair your vision
138Night Driving Techniques
- Dim dash and panel lights
- Reduce speed
- Keep headlights and windshield clean
- Watch area beyond headlights
- Keep eyes moving
139Maintaining Night Vision
- Dont move from a bright room to darkness
- Avoid looking into headlights
- Dont smoke
- Dont wear sunglasses
140Rain and Fog
- Reduce visibility
- Reduce warning capability
- Create glare
141Speed Management
- Wet roads-reduce your speed by about 1/3
- Packed snow-reduce speed by about 1/2
- Stopping takes longer
- Easier to skid
142Compensating for Poor Visibility
- Prepare yourself
- Use low beams and wipers
- Watch for slow or stopped vehicles
- Check rear view mirrors often
- Be alert for fog
- Drive slowly, but keep moving
143Compensating for Poor Visibility
- Increase safety cushion
- Pull over and park
144Other Factors Affecting Vision
- Vehicle
- Windshield/wipers
- Visors
- Bug screens
- Headlights
- Side view mirrors
145Crash Avoidance
- Drive to keep the ambulance out of a situation
where a crash is unavoidable
146Crash Avoidance
- Plan ahead
- Secure equipment
- Wear seatbelts
- Mentally prepare yourself
- Maintain space cushion
- Use a ground guide
147To Avoid a Crash
- Brake smoothly, firmly
- Accelerate smoothly
- Turn to avoid
148Off Road Recovery
- Remove foot from accelerator
- Continue to drive
- Slow and regain control
- Signal intentions
- Pull back onto the road
149Be Prepared for Vehicle Malfunctions
- Tire blowout
- Brake failure
- Steering failure
- Stuck accelerator
- Released hood
150Pulling Off the Road
- Plan exit
- Signal intentions
- Brake smoothly, firmly
- Park out of traffic path
151Ambulance Fires
- First action is to stop the vehicle and get
everyone out!
152Brakes
- The heavier a vehicle and the faster it is
moving, the more heat the brakes have to absorb
to stop the vehicle and the longer it takes to
stop
153 Special Considerations
154Ambulance Operators
- Are responsible for safety of
- Passengers
- Crew
- Vehicle
155Passenger Safety
- Restraints
- All passengers should be restrained unless it
interferes with patient care. This included the
EMT in the back of the ambulance! - Secure Equipment
- Unsafe behavior
156Responsibility for Families of Patients
- May include
- Transporting
- Ensuring safety
- Communicating information
157When to Transport
- Psychological crisis if family is comforting
- Parents of children
- If family is too upset to drive
- If there is a translator
- If the patient is a parent and there is no one to
care for a child - Family has no other means of transportation
158Safety as Passengers
- Wear seatbelts
- Consider extra load
- Use car seats for children
159Following the Ambulance
- Talk to family before leaving the scene
- Where you are going
- Transport mode
- If emergency family must still
- Obey traffic laws
- Obey speed limits
- Not tailgate
- Give directions
160Safety on ScenePotential Dangers
- HAZMAT
- Fires
- Crowds
- Violent acts
- Traffic
- Downed power lines
161HAZMAT
162Common Hazmat Scenes
- Trains
- Tractor-trailer truck
- Trucks hauling compressed gases
- Factories
- Look for
- Placards
- Hazard classes
- Hazmat labels on containers
163Fire
164Fire
- Follow the directions of the incident commander
- Provide support for fire department personnel
165Crowds
166Crowds
- Drive slowly to avoid a crash
- Call for help for crowd control
- Have the EMT clear a path
167Violent Acts
168Violent Acts
- Types of situations
- Domestics
- Assaults
- Suicides
- Unknown emergencies
- EMS personnel do not carry weapons
- Allow law-enforcement personnel to handle the
situation
169Downed Power Lines
170Downed Power Lines
- Dont touch
- Notify dispatch to contact power company
- Set up a safety zone around the wires
171Vehicle Placement
- Safety
- Access
- Scene protection
- Traffic flow
- Ease of departure
- Distance from patient
172Diagram 1
- Provides good protection of the scene, traffic
flow, and proximity to patient. - Ambulance may be struck
173Diagram 2
- Some protection for the scene
- Easy accessibility to scene and departure from
scene - Poor traffic flow
174Diagram 3
- The police car provides protection for the scene
- You may or may not have good accessibility
- Departure will be easy
- Poor traffic flow
175Diagram 4
- This is very poor. The scene is not safe.
- Traffic flow is between the ambulance and the
scene-prevents access and places the EMTs at
greater risk - Traffic flow is reduced in both directions
- Departure would be easy
176Diagram 5
- The ambulance is too close to down power lines!!
177The Run
178Operations Phases of a Call
- Leaving for the scene
- Driving to the scene
- Transporting the patient
179Post run
- Paperwork
- Clean and decontaminate the ambulance
- Restock the ambulance
180Scenario
- You and several others are arriving at the
station to begin your shift. While you are
settling in, you find out one of the crew only
had an hour of sleep because of a sick child. - What should you do?
- Drive for your partner
- Notify your supervisor
181Scenario
- There is construction on Main street with one
lane blocked a baseball game at the stadium and
probably thunderstorms in the afternoon. - How will such conditions affect operations?
- A new route will have to be planned around the
construction - The area around the baseball game will be
congested and other routes should be determined - The thunderstorms will make conditions slippery.
You should also check your wipers and rain gear.
182Scenario
- The previous crew left the ambulance a mess.
- What should you do to prepare the ambulance for
another run? - Take your unit out of service. Notify your
supervisor - Clean and restock. Use body substance isolation
procedures, such as gloves - Place your unit back in service.
183Inspecting Ambulance
- While inspecting the
- ambulance you notice
- the brake lights are
- not working.
- What do you do?
- If authorized, replace the bulb and document the
repair. - If not authorized to do the repair you should
notify your supervisor
184Congratulations!
- You have completed the EVOC Refresher program.
- You must now schedule a time to take the written
exam. - Contact Northwest-Shoals Community College
Testing Lab at 256-331-5262 - If you have any further questions contact Todd
Oyen - oyen_at_nwscc.edu
- 256-331-5437