The Intelligent Cities Project Report

1
The Intelligent Cities Project Report

• Jongwoo Han
• Department of Political Science
• Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs

2
Contents

• Devolution of Political Authority
• Government Reengineering
• Examples of Inefficiency
• Policy Issues in the Information Age
• Basic Concepts
• Literature Review
• Obstacles in Informatization
• Research Agenda

3
Devolution of Political Authority

• What are the most important ingredients in
  democracy?
• Michael Byron the dispersed availability of
  information and communications technologies than
  levels of income for predicting a nations
  degree of democratization.
• Transparency enhanced by IT and IS -- Weakening
  traditional political authority

4
Devolution of Political Authority

• Taking Power away from National Governments ?
  brought about by Changes in the bases of
  political power empowered citizens and civic
  activism
• Example 1 Rising Civic Power empowered by
  Internet in Korea
• http//2000.ngokorea.org/main.htm

5
Government Reengineering

• e-Government for what? Business Process
  Reengineering for cost less and better
  Productivity
• National Performance Review in 1993
• Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, Government
  Performance and Results Act (Amended in 1998) of
  1993, Federal Acquisition Streamlining Act of
  1994,
• The Debt Collection Improvement Act of 1996,
  which requires all federal payments to be made
  electronically by 1999.
• Information Technology Management Reform Act of
  1996 (ITMRA, Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996.)
  Agencies required to designate CIOs to provide
  leadership in the use of information technology

6
Examples of Inefficiency

• 25 b for welfare, 27 b for food stamp, 30mil
  for Medicaid, SSA 450 b to 44.3 mil
  beneficiaries, 13 b for public housing
• Red-tape paper-based, costly, frustrating for
  providers and clients alike, fraud and abuse
• Remedy Electronic Benefit Transfer
• Benefit Dept of Social Service, Tulare County CA
  administering programs with 4500 rules six feet
  of document, 32 pages application at maximum,
  investing 3.2 m saving 108 m
• Smart Card Project Processing cost for
• - a paper-based purchase transaction were
  120/transaction.
• - An Internet/credit card
  58/t
• - A proposed Internet/Intranet process model
  18/t

7
Policy Issues in the Information Age

• regulation, deregulation
• intellectual property rights
• licensing,
• incentives,
• export control,
• taxation

8
Policy Issues in the Information Age

• enforcement of rights and responsibilities
• advanced research,
• standards,
• security,
• privacy,
• ethics,

9
Policy Issues in the Information Age

• social processes for adoption and use of IT
  infrastructure
• global labor force
• risk management among the constellation of
  providers and carriers
• (networks, content, cable, broadcast, wireless
  voice and data, and telephone).

10
Basic Concepts

• Intelligence Ladder Data, Information,
  Knowledge, Wisdom by Montviloff and Blanc
• Data represent the level composed of all the
  facts or raw materials. For example, a survey
  of age, gender, education, income, party
  affiliations will result in data for election.
• Information refers to the synthesis and
  interpretation of data that will make sense in
  the context of use. organized, processed and
  structured according to a purpose.
• Knowledge Knowledge answers the questions what,
  why, where, who, when, and how so that the use of
  information by the researcher to make a judgment
  on Election campaign.
• Finally, wisdom is continually enriched and
  updated knowledge. This process occurs when
  knowledge confronts reality.

11
Example

• Fox News (01/27/01) on Bush Admin
• Job Approval Rating Bush (43), N16, N/A40
• Favorable Bush(60), Cheney(63)
• Data Individual idea on them in different
  Categories
• Information Processes
• Knowledge Put these numbers in Perspectives,
  Context
• No majority votes, Florida Fiasco, Divided
  Congress
• Bush vs Cheney? As levels go up ?

12
Basic Concepts

• Information Technology IT covers all
  technologies used in the collection, processing,
  and transmission of information. This includes
  microelectronics- and optoelectronic-based
  technologies as well as computers,
  telecommunications, electronic office equipment
  and software products.

13
Literature Review

• Transformist
• Continuist
• Structuralist

14
Obstacles in Informatization

• the shortage of qualified personnel in all areas
  of information, especially those who have both
  technical skill and organizational experience
• the lack of access to existing information
  resources
• insufficient financial and material resources for
  information activitiesforeign exchange shortages
  may constitute an insurmountable problem for
  developing countries in the import-dependent
  information field

15
Research Agenda

• Devolution of political authority and new
  political system?
• Increasing disparities between information haves
  and have-nots
• Widening income gap
• How to measure increase in the productivity by
  informatization
• Comprehensive survey of diverse national
  information policy
• Surveillance society
• What are the varying social, economic, cultural
  and political factors affecting the IP
• Leadership in Informatization