by Eric Ferr SIU

1
Volcanoes
by Eric Ferré (SIU)
02/01/2005
2

• Introduction

• Types of volcanoes

• The beauty of volcanoes

• Killer volcanoes

• Volcanologists

• Volcanic rocks

3
Man has always been fascinated by volcanoes ...
Sebastian Pether, 1825. Eruption of Vesuvius, oil
on panel
4
Most volcanoes occur between 2 tectonic plates
5
Volcanoes of the World The Ring of Fire
6
Tectonic plates and Volcanoes
rift
7
Active Volcanoes of Western USA
8

• Introduction

• Types of volcanoes

• The beauty of volcanoes

• Killer volcanoes

• Volcanologists

• Volcanic rocks

9
3 Types of volcanoes
cindercone volcano
strato volcano
shield volcano
rift
subduction
subduction
hot spot
10
Example Kilauea, Hawaii
shield volcano
hot spot
11
Example Mt. St Helens, WA
strato volcano
12
Example Paricutin, Mexico
cindercone volcano
13
3 Types of volcanoes

• made of different layers

14
Q What type of volcano is this ?
A a stratovolcano, because it is formed of
layers of lava and ashes
15
The different parts of a stratovolcano
Strato volcano
16

• Introduction

• Types of volcanoes

• The beauty of volcanoes

• Killer volcanoes

• Volcanologists

• Volcanic rocks

17
Iceland, Aurora borealis Volcano
18
HawaiI, lava fountain, along a fissure
19
Mount Fuji, Japan
20
Mount Rainier, USA
21
more stratovolcanoes ...
22
'Erta 'Ale, Ethiopia
Would you stand there ?
23
'Erta 'Ale, Ethiopia
They do ...
24
'Erta 'Ale, Ethiopia
Garbage disposal
25
Lava flows
Lava tube
26
Lava flows to the sea, Stromboli
27
More lava flows to the sea, Stromboli
28
A volcano in the middle of the sea ???
29
Indeed, a volcano in the middle of the sea
30
the beauty of volcanoes, ... dangerous !
31

• Introduction

• Types of volcanoes

• The beauty of volcanoes

• Killer volcanoes

• Volcanologists

• Volcanic rocks

32

• Krakatau volcano
• Indonesia
• erupted in 1883
• killed 36,417

33
The path of destruction ...
34
Deadly blasts ...
Katia Maurice Krafft, 06-03-1991
Mt Unzen, Japan
35
Deadly blasts ...

• Pompeii, Italy
• Explosion of Mt Vesuvius
• 79 AD
• victims casted in hot ashes

36
Mt Aso, Japan
In spite of the danger, People still walk their
dogs, Even close to a volcano !
37
Sakurajima San, Japan
City of Kagoshima 400,000 inhabitants Ashes on
the cars in the morning
38

• Introduction

• Types of volcanoes

• The beauty of volcanoes

• Killer volcanoes

• Volcanologists

• Volcanic rocks

39
Volcanologists

• enjoy risk
• smart ones remain alive
• measure and analyze
• volcanic gases, rocks, ...

Haroun Tazieff
40
Volcanologists think its cool to walk on lava
!!!
41
When ?
The real question is when and not if an eruption
will occur
42
Olympus Mons
the largest volcano in the Solar system
on Mars
43
Lets play a game !
Stromboli
44
Stromboli
http//www.educeth.ch/stromboli/simulation/applet-
en.html
45

• Introduction

• Types of volcanoes

• The beauty of volcanoes

• Killer volcanoes

• Volcanologists

• Volcanic rocks

46
pumice
obsidian
scoria
Volcanic rocks
47
Volcano Internet Links
Ask a volcanologist http//www.soest.hawaii.edu/G
G/ASK/volcanoes.html
http//interactive2.usgs.gov/learningweb/teachers/
volcanoes.htm http//www.earthinspace.org/careers/
rocks.html http//www.educeth.ch/stromboli/index-e
n.html http//volcano.und.nodak.edu/