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Endocrine System

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derivatives of amino acid tyrosine. Thyroid Gland and Adrenal medulla ... Tropic hormones - hormone - release other hormones. Ex. TSH - Thyroid (T3/T4) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Endocrine System


1
Endocrine System
2
Nervous and Endocrine System
fast
slow
Electrical/Chemical
Chemical
Change amplitude
Freq of Action Pot.
Short term
Long term
3
  • Endocrine System
  • A. Hormones

1. Amines
derivatives of amino acid
tyrosine
Thyroid Gland and
Adrenal medulla
Thyroxine (T4)
Epinephrine Triiodothyronine (T3)
Norepinephrine
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2. Peptides and proteins
most hormones
synthesized in Rough ER
3. Steroids
cholesterol - precursor
Glands Adrenal Cortex / Gonads
B. Control of Hormone secretion
1. Change in plasma concentration
  • of ions (ex. Calcium)
  • of organic nutrients (ex. Glucose)

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2. Neurons
  • hormones regulated by ANS

ex. Parasympathetic -gt increase
insulin Sympathetic -gt
release of catecholamines
  • regulated by CNS

ex. Neurons in hypothalamus
3. Hormonal control
  • Tropic hormones -gt hormone -gt release other
    hormones

Ex. TSH -gt Thyroid (T3/T4)
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C. Hormone transport
1. Peptides, catecholamines dissolve
2. Steroids, thyroid hormones lipid
soluble
free hormone binding protein
hormone-protein
  • only free enter target

D. Hormone removal
1. Excretion
2. Metabolism
excreted
reused
  • broken down

3. Conjugation -gt molecule added
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III. Hormone action
A. Hormone receptors
1. Down regulation
  • reduce receptors w/prolonged exposure
  • due to receptor synthesis

phagocytosis
2. Up regulation -
  • increase receptors w/ exposure
  • receptor synthesis

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B. Receptor classes
1. Extracellular membrane bound
a. Controls channels
b. Synthesis of 2nd messenger
c. Activate G protein
  • control channels
  • 2nd messenger

d. Phosphorylate receptor
2. Intracellular receptors
  • binds w/hormone inside
  • specific region of DNA -gt protein synthesis

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