Tarbert Day 2

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Unmanned Aircraft Systems Charting the path to
the Future
Presentation to New Technologies Workshop III
Flying into the
Future Name Bruce Tarbert, NAS Integration Team
Lead Unmanned Aircraft Program Office,
AIR-160 Date January 11, 2007
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• UAs are part of the future of aviation, and
  that future is on our doorstep right now. The
  system is in place today to accommodate the entry
  of new aircraft into the National Airspace
  System this is nothing new for the FAA. It is
  our day-to-day business. The FAA, working
  closely with the aviation industry, will develop
  safety standards and operating procedures to
  ensure their safe integration into the NAS.
• Nick Sabatini,Associate Administrator for
  Aviation Safety

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Overview

• Current Status of UAS policy in the NAS
• Public Users Certificate of Waiver/Authorizatio
  n (COA)
• Civil Users Special Airworthiness Certificate
  (Experimental)
• Standards Development
• Detect, Sense and Avoid
• Command, Control and Communications
• FAA UAS Roadmap
• Collaborative Partnership Efforts
• RTCA SC-203
• Department of Defense
• Joint Integrated Product Team
• International Activities

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What is a UAS?

• UAS are aircraft
• Aircraft means a device that is used or intended
  to be used for flight in the air (14 CFR 1.1)
• 14 CFR 91.203 requires all civil aircraft to
  have a current airworthiness certificate
• Not just an airframe its a system
• Ground control station
• Communications and Control
• Lost link/comm
• Must comply with 14 CFR 91

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Approval Basis Public Aircraft

• COAs for Public aircraft only
• Airworthiness basis is the responsibility of the
  Public entity
• IAW established standards and policy (MIL
  Handbook 516)
• COA application process is managed by Air Traffic
• Web based application
• Aviation Safety reviews application to determine
  appropriateness of operational mitigations

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Approval Basis Civil Aircraft

• Special Airworthiness Certificate (Experimental)
• Defines operational limitations
• Not used for compensation or hire (14 CFR
  21.191,193,195)
• Authorizes use
• Market share
• Crew training
• RD
• Three Special Airworthiness Certificates for UAS
  issued to date

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Detect, Sense, and Avoid
TCAS a multi-layered approach

• DSA should
• Provide separation assurance
• Single layer approach
• Both cooperative and non-cooperative traffic
• Standards TBD

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Command, Control, and Communications

• Develop Standards and Regulatory framework
• Ground Control Stations
• Communication Security
• Latency concerns
• Lost Link
• Must be able to integrate with other NAS users
• ATC Communications
• Spectrum Management
• Bandwidth requirements not yet identified
• Future allocation
• RFI, particularly in metropolitan areas

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FAA UAS Roadmap

• Outlines strategy and timelines for integration
  of UAS into the National Airspace System
• Five year timeline
• Allows Industry and Government to focus
  activities
• Identifies resource requirements and commitments
• Integrate supporting activities
• RTCA
• DoD
• Other Technical review groups
• Contract awarded September 14, 2006 to Lockheed
  Martin
• Initial document to be published March 2007
• FAA Program Office to Sponsor a US
  Government-wide Conference on UAS to rollout
  Roadmap
• Critical to US UAS Stakeholders Collaboration

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Collaborative Work Efforts

• RTCA SC-203
• Chair is Johnny Walker
• Designated Federal Official is James Sizemore
• Current activities and milestones
• The Guidance Material Document Completed and
  currently under review of the Committee through
  the RTCA comment period process.
• In Final Review and Comment period
• UAS MASPS / Work Group 1 This group is
  responsible for the completion of the GM as well
  as planning and transitioning of the group to
  focus on the UAS MASPS. Completion 2010
• Command, Control, and Communication (C3)
  Standards / Work Group 2 This group is
  responsible for the development of communication
  standards that support UAS functions and
  operational objectives. Completion 2011
• Detect, Sense, and Avoid (DSA) Standards / Work
  Group 3 This group is responsible for the
  development of DSA standards that support the
  safe and efficient operation of UASs within the
  NAS. Completion 2011

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Collaborative Work Efforts Cont.

• Center of Excellence for General Aviation
  Research (CGAR) Deliverables
• FY 06 Deliverables
• UAS Detect, Sense, and Avoid CGAR - Report on
  Current State of UASs Technologies - University
  of Alaska Anchorage and Fairbanks, University
  of North Dakota, Embry Riddle Aeronautical
  University (ERAU)
• Regulatory Impact Study of UAS - CGAR
• - University of Alaska Anchorage and
  Fairbanks, University of North Dakota, Embry
  Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU)
• Technical Community Research Group (TCRG)
• TCRG FY 07 Activities (Proposed)
• UAV Communications, Command, and Control (C3) -
  ATO Technical Center
• Flight Termination Technologies and Approaches -
  ATO Technical Center
• TCRG FY 08-09 under review to align with Roadmap

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Collaborative Work Efforts Cont.

• DoD Joint Integrated Product Team (JIPT)
• Centralize DoDs UAS activities in one area
• FAA UAPO is a key member of the JIPT
• DoD Center of Excellence for UAS
• Air Force Research Laboratory
• DoD Policy Board on Federal Aviation (PBFA)
• Expected outcomes
• Common certification strategy for UAS
• Plan for incremental UAS access to the NAS
• Increases as technology improves and data
  supports it
• Focused support for RTCA SC-203 workgroups (data)
• Direct connection to DoD Detect, Sense Avoid
  activities
• Benefits
• Information sharing
• Accelerated program integration

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International Activities

• EUROCAE established Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
  Workgroup, WG-73, in
  April, 2006
• Dan Hawkes - Chairman (EUROCONTROL)
• Doug Davis - Deputy Chairman (FAA)
• 3 Subgroups formed
• UAV Operations, Airworthiness Continued
  Airworthiness, Air Traffic Management
• Goal is to establish performance specifications
  for UAS
• Highlighted critical importance of defining
  operational requirements of sense and avoid
• Promotes early stage international harmonization
  of UAS policy and guidance
• Desire is to leverage on RTCA SC-203 work efforts

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International Activities - Cont.

• ICAO Activity
• Called a Global Meeting to Determine UAS Interest
• Outcome
• A core group to lead an effort to develop an ICAO
  paper on status of UAS activity as a snapshot
• Will include examples from several states
• Develop draft working paper
• Transport Canada assigned the initial lead, now
  lead by FAA
• Identify required changes to ICAO Annexes
• ICAO pressed to begin internal expertise
  development
• ICAO resources are limited

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Unmanned Aircraft Program Office FY07
Doug Davis Manager, AIR-160
ATO Lead
DoD Liaison LTC Dave May
Administrative (Contract)
DHS Liaison On duty soon
Airworthiness/ Systems Engineering Lead James
Sizemore
NAS Integration Lead Bruce Tarbert
NOTE projected positions in yellow (immediate)
and orange, virtual positions in gray)
Policy and Regulation
Flight Standards Maintenance Marcus Cunningham
Directorate POCs
Flight Standards Safety Mike Alloco
Certification Engineer
AIR-200 Rich Posey
System Safety Assessment
Flight Standards Operations Steve Swartz
UAS Software Design Engineer
Aerospace Engineer
Human Factors Engineer Bill Kaliardos/ Mike
Linegang
Systems Engineers (2)
Flight Standards Operations Marcello Mirabelli
Flight Standards Operations Phil Potter
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Visit our Web Site

• www.faa.gov/uas