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Introduction to Computer Graphics

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Graphics Lab _at_ Korea University. Contents. Introduction. What is Computer ... Courtesy of Tippet Studio. cgvr.korea.ac.kr. CGVR. Graphics Lab _at_ Korea University ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Introduction to Computer Graphics


1
Introduction to Computer Graphics
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2
Contents
  • Introduction
  • What is Computer Graphics?
  • Applications
  • Display of Information
  • Design
  • Simulation
  • Computer Art
  • Entertainment
  • Graphics Systems Models
  • Graphics System
  • Human Visual System
  • Pinhole Camera
  • Synthetic-Camera Model
  • Graphics Architectures

3
What is Computer Graphics? (1/2)
  • Definition
  • Producing pictures or images using a computer
  • Example
  • Starship Troopers Tango-Urilla, Death From Above
  • Batman Robin The Love Dust

Courtesy of Buf Compagnie
Courtesy of Tippet Studio
4
What is Computer Graphics? (2/2)
  • Modeling
  • Representing 3D objects
  • Rendering
  • Constructing 2D images from 3D models
  • Animation
  • Simulating changes over time

5
Applications
  • Display of Information
  • Design
  • Simulation
  • Computer Art
  • Entertainment

6
Display of Information
  • Graphics for Scientific, Engineering, and Medical
    Data

Medical Image
Nebula
7
Design
  • Graphics for Engineering and Architectural System
  • Design of Building, Automobile, Aircraft, Machine
    etc.

AutoCAD 2002
Interior Design
8
Simulation
  • Computer-Generated Models of Physical, Financial
    and Economic Systems for Educational Aids

Flight Simulator
Mars Rover Simulator
9
Computer Art
  • Graphics for Artist

Metacreation Painter
10
Entertainment
  • Graphics for Movie, Game, VR etc.

Final Fantasy
Online Game
11
Graphics Systems Models
  • Graphics System
  • Human Visual System
  • Pinhole Camera
  • Synthetic-Camera Model
  • Graphics Architectures

12
Graphics System (1/2)
13
Graphics System (2/2)
  • Pixel
  • Picture element
  • Raster
  • Array of pixels
  • Frame Buffer
  • Memory where pixels stored
  • Depth of Frame Buffer
  • Number of bits that are used for each pixel (ex.
    8-bit-depth ? 28 (256) colors, 24 or more bits
    per pixel ? RGB-color )
  • Resolution
  • Number of pixels in frame buffer
  • Rasterization (Scan Conversion)
  • Converting of geometric entities (such as lines,
    circles, and polygons) to pixel assignment in
    frame buffer
  • Refresh Rate
  • Rate of retracing on displays

14
Human Visual System
15
Pinhole Camera (1/2)
16
Pinhole Camera (2/2)
  • Side View
  • (xp, yp, zp) projection point
  • Angle of View (Field of View)

17
Synthetic-Camera Model (1/2)
  • Imaging with the Synthetic Camera
  • Projector
  • Line from a point on the object to the
  • center of the lens
  • Center of projection
  • Center of the lens
  • Projection plane
  • film plane that moved in front of the lens
  • Equivalent Views of Image Formation

18
Synthetic-Camera Model (2/2)
  • Clipping
  • Clipping window (clipping rectangle)
  • Limited size of the image ? because of the angle
    of view

Clipping with window in initial position
Clipping with window shifted
19
Graphics Architectures
  • Geometric Pipeline
  • Transformation
  • Objects are represented in terms of the
    coordinate system of display
  • Clipping
  • No imaging system can see the whole world at once
  • Projection
  • The geometry of 3D objects is projected into 2D
    objects
  • Rasterization
  • Projected objects is represented as pixels in
    frame buffer
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