Data Exploitation and Modeling for the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere www.cost723.org

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Data Exploitation and Modeling for the Upper
Troposphere and Lower Stratospherewww.cost723.or
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WG1 Activities
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Overview

• Focus on humidity measurements (But also one
  ozone activity)
• Improvements of different techniques and
  intercomparisons
• In Situ
• Ground Based
• Satellite
• Summary and Conclusions

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In Situ

• MOL Lindenberg (RS80, RS92)
• FMI Sodankylä (LAUTLOS campaign)
• Institute of Meteorology Portugal (ozone RS)

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• Lindenberg Observatory (DWD) U.Leiterer/H.Dier
• 1. Examination of humidity-differences between
  radiosondes RS80 and RS92 with help of weekly
  Lindenberg FN-soundings
• 2. day-nigth-comparison of both sondes RS80 and
  RS92
• and experimental investigation of influence
  of solar radiation

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RS92 and RS80-A(corrected with the Lindenberg
method) mean humidity difference DU related
to Lindenberg FN-reference sounding and their
standard deviation (s) on main pressure levels
s RS80
s RS92
s RS92
s RS80
improvement
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day-nigth-comparison of sondes RS80 and RS92
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Investigation of direct solar radiation
influence on temperatur and humidity radiosonde
sensor ventilated low pressure (3-1000 hPa)
vacuum chamber with quartz window
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Hygrometer Intercomparison Campaign at
Sodankylä, LAUTLOS Jan 26-Feb 28 2004
1. Finnish Met. Institute-Arctic Research Centre
, Sodankylä, Finland 2. Vaisala Oyj, Helsinki,
Finland 3. Meteolabor AG, Zürich, Switzerland 4.
German Weather Service, Meteorological
Observatory Lindenberg, Germany 5. Central
Aerological Observatory, Moscow, Russia 6.
University of Colorado, Boulder, USA 7. Alfred
Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research,
Potsdam, Germany 8. University of Bern ,
Switzerland
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LAUTLOS Tropospheric results

• Tuomo Suortti
• Finnish Meteorological Institute
• Hygrometer inter-comparisons
• Radiosondes RS80-A, RS80-H, RS90, RS92 and FN
• Frost point hygrometers NOAA/CMDL, CFH and Snow
  White
• Ly-alpha FLASH-B
• PLOT KEY
• - Plot shows RH differences as a function of
  temperature (i.e. temperature dependence, TD)
• - RS92 as used as a reference
• - Ambient RH is shown by the color scale.
• - CLLeiterer TD-correction for RS80-A
• - CMMiloshevich TD-correction

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Water vapour in the lower stratosphere during
LAUTLOS
Height above therm.trop.
Potential temperature
DATA 11 balloon flights of FLASH-B
hygrometer LAUTLOS campaign 21.01.2004-27.02.200
4 Sodankylä, Finland.

• RESULTS
• Troposphere-to-stratosphere transport (TST)
  occured mainly below 345K.
• Layer influenced by TST extended up to 2.5 km
  above local tropopause (or 30K in potential
  temperature scale)
• (see Karpechko et al., ACPD, 2006)

?T above therm.trop
?T above dynam.trop
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Arctic H2O observations in the LS

• Balloon borne frost point hygrometers flown in
  the winters of 2002/2003-2005/2006 in Sodankylä
  (67.4N). Profiles inside the Arctic vortex
  (right) and in the vicinity of the vortex (left).
  From Kivi et al., 2006

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• Diamantino Henriques (Institute of Meteorology-
  Portugal)
• During May and April 2001 a campaign of
  simultaneously ozonesoundings at three upper air
  stations (Lisbon, Lajes and Funchal) was carried
  on using Brewer-Mast sondes adapted for Vaisala
  rawisondes. This experiment consisted in weekly
  soundings (total of 21) during winter-spring
  period when high changes of total ozone amount
  are normally observed at this latitudes.

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• The analyses of results show that most of the
  total ozone variability is due to lower
  stratosphere ozone variability due to dynamic
  processes, while absolute maximum values remains
  approximately constant. This experiment also show
  the capability of the existing stations to carry
  on an operational ozone sounding program.

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COST 723 Contributions

• 2 LAUTLOS Meetings (Lindenberg and Helsinki)
• Several STSMs, mostly about radiosonde correction
  algorithms

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Ground Based

• Uni Bern (Microwave)
• CNR-IMAA Potenza (LIDAR)
• CNR-ISAC Rome (LIDAR)

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Combined Water Vapor Profiles over Sodankylä
during the LAUTLOS Campaign
Alexander Haefele, University of Bern
MW
Balloon data are used as a priori information in
the MW retrieval. The result is a profile from
the ground up to the mesopause based on the best
inrormation source at every altitude level.
balloon
Contour ECMWF modified PV
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Comparison Microwave aircraft H2O versus ECMWF
Model
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Water vapour Raman lidar at CNR-IMAAG.
Pappalardo, A. Amodeo, C. Cornacchia, G. DAmico,
F. Madonna, L. MonaCNR-IMAA, Tito Scalo
(Potenza) Italy (4036' N - 1544' E, 760 m
a.s.l.)pappalardo_at_imaa.cnr.it

• CNR-IMAA Raman Lidar operative since May 2002
• 2 systematic lidar measurements per week, more
  than 2000 hours (day and nigth) of measurements
  performed up to now
• Calibration checked systematically with
  radiosondes and MW profiler
• Calibration factor results constant within 5
• About 200 radiosonde launches from May 2002
• MW profiler operational since February 2004 (24h
  per day, 7 days a week) Temperature, water
  vapor, cloud liquid water profiles up to 10 km
  above the station

• Involvements
• Validation of MIPAS water vapor product
• NDSC for UT/LS water vapor monitoring
• LAUNCH 2005
• Aura, AIRS, IASI validation

Recent activities Integration of Raman Lidar and
MW profiler to improve water vapour
profiling Assessment of the impact of the
assimilation of high resolution profiles data
into NWPM
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During the last year the complete set of the
array of nine 50-cm telescopes has been
performed. The slide compares the water vapor
vertical profile (30 min integration) taken by
the 9-telescope channels of the lidar (red line),
with the radiosounding (black line) from the
Meteo Service of the Italian Military Aeronautics
in Pratica di Mare, 25km S.E. of Tor Vergata
Raman Lidar Water Vapor Measurements CNR- ISAC,
Rome Tor Vergata (F.Congeduti)
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WV mixing ratio logarithmic contour g/kg
Contour obtained by merging the profiles from
lower (30-cm telescope) and upper (9-telescope
array) channels of the lidar (merging altitude 4
km). Data taken in the framework of the LAUNCH
campaign
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COST 723 Contributions

• 1 LIDAR meeting
• 1 STSM
• Contacts and data exchange

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Satellite

• Chalmers Göteborg (Odin SMR)
• HIPC Prague (Odin SMR isotopes)
• Uni Bremen (AMSU-B)

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Odin-SMR Upper tropospheric retrievals

• First retrieval uses only lowest tangent
  altitudes
• Only tropics
• Humidity 2 layers _at_ 200/130 hPa(10-25 km
  possible)
• Cloud ice column above 12.5 km Rydberg
  et al.

DJF 2001-2004 mean
M. Ekström, P. Eriksson and B. Rydberg, Chalmers
(patrick.eriksson_at_chalmers.se)
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Odin-SMR Strato-mesospheric humidity

• 20 100 km488GHz -gt 20-75km556GHz -gt 40-100km
• Also isotopomersH218O and HDO
• Roughly 4 observation days per month since Nov
  2001

488 GHzzonal mean2001-12-15
J. Urban, N. Lautie and D. Murtagh, Chalmers
(jo.urban_at_rss.chalmers.se)
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Observation of HD18O, CH3OH and
vibrationally-excited N2O from Odin/SMR
measurements

• By averaging more than 400 000 Odin/SMR
  spectra over the period from November 2002 to
  March 2003, we have been able to detect weak
  lines in the atmosphere. These weak lines have
  been attributed to water isotopic species HD18O,
  to a vibrationally-excited N2O, and to CH3OH.

Sub-millimeter wave spectra over the
501.52-501.59 GHz micro-window minus modeled
fit a) Southern Hemisphere, lat lt 30S b)
Global, 90S lt lat lt 90N c) Northern
Hemisphere, lat gt 30N d) Tropics, 30S lt lat lt
30N. Data were averaged over the range 17.5 -
67.5 km and curves a, b and c are offset.
Superimposed are the theoretical lines (vertical
bars).
Z. ZELINGER, B. BARRET, P. KUBÁT, P. RICAUD,
J.-L. ATTIE, E. LE FLOCHMOËN, J. URBAN, D.
MURTAGH, M. STRIÍK J. Heyrovský Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the
Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic Laboratoir
e d'Aerologie UMR 5560 CNRS/Universite Paul
Sabatier, Observatoire de Midi-Pyrenees 14,
Toulouse, France Chalmers University,
Goteborg, Sweden VB - Technical University of
Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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AMSU-B Work in Bremen

• Stefan Buehler
• Institute of Environmental Physics
• University of Bremen
• www.sat.uni-bremen.de

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AMSU UTH-Climatology
AMSU-B, Channel 18, NOAA 15, Winter 1999-2000.
Figure by Mashrab Kuvatov, paper in preparation.
(Method explained in Buehler, S. A. and V. O.
John, A Simple Method to Relate Microwave
Radiances to Upper Tropospheric Humidity, GJR,
110, D02110, doi10.1029/2004JD005111)
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Comparison radiosonde ? AMSU

• Comparison of corrected radiosondes from
  Lindenberg to AMSU
• Increasing dry bias for dry conditions (4RH at
  0RH)

Buehler et al., JGR 2004
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COST 723 Contributions

• 1 STSM
• Contacts and data exchange

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Summary and Conclusions

• A lot of ongoing activities (19 publications so
  far on www.cost723.org/publications)
• Intercomparisons give valuable insights
• Inside a technique by different instruments
• Across different techniques
• A pity to stop the good collaboration now
• ? Suggestion for a follow-up action