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Byzantine Art and Architecture

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Byzantine Art and Architecture. Dedicated to glorifying the ... Byzantine style drew from Greek, Roman and ... Theotokos 'God Bearer' Zoe and Constantine IX ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Byzantine Art and Architecture


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Byzantine Art and Architecture
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Pendentive Supports in the shape of concave
triangle used to hold up the dome
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Byzantine Art and Architecture
  • Dedicated to glorifying the state and emperors
  • Spread Christian message
  • Byzantine style drew from Greek, Roman and
    oriental sources
  • Greco-Roman columns, arches, vaults, domes
  • Oriental ornamentation and color

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Goal of Religious Art
  • To create an atmosphere of splendor comparable to
    the glory of heaven
  • Use or gold and rich colors
  • Glass tesserae
  • The icon shares the likeness and therefore the
    sanctity of the sacred person portrayed
  • Through veneration an icon image becomes a window
    through which the worshiper gains access to the
    sacred figure portrayed

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Main Dome Hagia Sophia
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  • Christ
  • Pantocrator
  • (Ruler of All)

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Detail of Mosaic
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Hagia SophiaMany later Byzantine churches
adopted this trademark dome
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Dome of the sanctuary
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Detail of ceiling mosaic
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Secular Art
  • The emperor is shown in the presence of Christ to
    validate his supreme powers
  • The emperor is shown in formal poses displaying
    royal regalia, often surrounded by members of his
    court
  • Long robe
  • Red shoes
  • On dias raised above others
  • Carries scepter or scroll

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Justinian
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  • Mosaic of Empress Theodora
  • (Wearing a halo)
  • Pendulia sign of royalty

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Byzantine art shows both figurative and geometric
design
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San Vitale, Ravenna
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Interior
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Ravenna, mosaic, c. 545/46, tesserae (cubes) of
colored glass and stone
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Iconoclastic Controversy726-843
  • Emperor Leo III ordered the removal and
    destruction of all religious images
  • Images blasphemous and idolatrous
  • Only surviving art through efforts of monasteries

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Mount Athos
A total of 20 Monasteries build on the Holy
Island Monastery of Vatopedion founder
Theodosius, 4th C
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Entrance to the Monastery
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One of few mosaics that survived the Iconoclastic
controversy
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General Characteristics
  • Full frontal presentation
  • Large staring eyes
  • 2 dimensional rendering
  • Figures float in space
  • Elongated figures (particularly the hands)
  • Disproportionate relationship of figures
  • Jesus drawn as small man, but presented as a
    child

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Theotokos God Bearer
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Zoe and Constantine IX
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Late Byzantine Very similar to Early Periods
no major changes
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14th century dome mosaic
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Leaf from Lectionary
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Mosaic Pantocrator
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Crucifixion scenes were rare
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Contemporary Icons
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