ClosedLoop System

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Closed-Loop System
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Closed-Loop Control System
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Open-Loop Amplifier
Amplifier with Feedback
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Block diagram model of feedback amplifier
assuming RpgtgtR0 of the amplifier.
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Transient Response of Control Systems
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• Open-loop speed control system
• (without feedback).

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• Closed-loop speed control system.
• (b) Transistorized closed-loop speed control
  system.

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The response of the open-loop and closed-loop
speed control system when t 5 10 and K1. Ka. Kt
100. The time to reach 98 of the final value
for the open-loop and closed- loop system is 40
seconds and 0.4 second,respectively.
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Disturbance in Feedback Control System
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Steel rolling mill.
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Open-loop speed control system (without external
feedback).
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Closed-loop speed tachometer control system
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Closed-loop system. (a) Block diagram model.
(b) Signal-flow graph model.
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Closed-loop control system with measurement noise.
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A block diagram model of a boring machine control
system
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The response y(t) to (a) a unit input step r(t)
and (b) a unit disturbance step input D(s) 5 1/s
for K100.
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The response y(t) for a unit step input (solid
line) and for a unit step disturbance (dashed
line) for K20.
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The solar-powered Mars rover,named
Sojourner,landed on Mars on July 4,1997 andwas
deployed on its journey on July 5,1997. The
23-pound rover is controlled by anoperator on
Earth using controls on the rover 21,22. (Photo
courtesy of NASA.)
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Control system for rover (a) open-loop (without
feedback) and (b) closed-loop with feedback. The
input is R(s)1/s.
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The magnitude of the sensitivity of the
closed-loop system for the Mars rover vehicle.
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Control system for disk drive head reader.
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Disk drive head control system with the typical
parameters of Table 2.11.
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• Closed-loop response.
• MATLABscript.
• (b) Step response for Ka10 and Ka80.

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Disturbance step response. (a) MATLABscript. (b)
Disturbance response for Ka80.
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• A single-loop feedback control system.
• (b) The error response for a unit step
  disturbance when R(s) 0

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