Rendering 1

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Rendering 1

• IM209
• Eunjoo Lee

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Further Reading

• Chapter 8, Maya 4.5 Fundamentals, New Riders 2003
  ISBN 0-7357-1327-8
• Help - Library - Instant Maya - Rendering

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Objectives

• Using Hypershade
• Creating materials
• Using maps
• Using procedural textures
• Bump maps
• Using maps for any attributes

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Materials

• The definition of all the ways a surface responds
  to light, including shininess, colour, bumpiness,
  transparency, and so forth.
• You build your scene with lighting and materials
  progressing together, with frequent renderings to
  test your adjustments.

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Hypershade

• Maya has a material builder called Hypershade
  that lets you see your material creations on
  spheres (called swatches) as you design them.

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Hypershade
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Basic Material Types

• Anisotropic Represents surfaces with grooves,
  such as a cd, or feathers, or fabrics such as
  velvet or satin. The appearance of specular
  highlights on an anisotropic material depends on
  the properties of these grooves and their
  orientation.
• An isotropic material (such as Phong or Blinn)
  reflects specular light identically in all
  directions. If you spin an isotropic sphere, its
  specular highlight remains still.
• An anisotropic material reflects specular light
  differently in different directions. If you spin
  an anisotropic sphere, its specular highlight
  changes.

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Basic Material Types

• AnisotropicIt stretches highlights and rotates
  them based on the viewers relative position.
  (hair, feathers, brushed materials, and satin)
• Blinn It calculates surfaces similarly to Phong,
  but the shape of the specular hightlights in
  Blinn materials reflects light more accurately.
  (brass, aluminum)
• Lambert Its a flat material type that yields a
  smooth look without hightlights. (pottery, chalk,
  matte paint)
• Phong It takes into account the surface
  curvature, amount of light, and camera angle to
  get accurate shading and highlights. (plastic,
  porcelain, and glazed ceramic)
• PhongE Its a faster rendering version of Phong
  that yields somewhat softer highlights than
  Phong.
• Layered Shader It lets you combine several
  materials to create a more complex material.
• Shading Map It lets you get a cel look in
  3D(cartoon shading)
• Ramp Shader Its designed to make it easier to
  create and control a cel or illustration-style
  look.
• Surface Shader Its used when you want to
  control a materials color, transparency, and/or
  glow with something else in Maya. (to determine
  the object's color by the object's position)
• Use Background Shader It applies to the
  background (image plane or environment) color to
  the surface that it has been applied to. For
  example, shadows cast on an image of a road used
  as an image plane.

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Layered Shader

• Represents a single surface material (or texture)
  composed of several different surface materials
  (or textures) layered on top of one another.

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Ramp Shader

• the way color changes with light and view angle.
• all the color-related attributes are controlled
  by ramps

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Use Background Shader

• Useful for compositing

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Material Settings
material name (You should edit this text to
something more descriptive.)
Color swatch To fine-tune a color
Checkered button To override a solid color with
a texture
Slider To brighten or darken a color

• Color The base color of the surface
• Transparency surface opacity (tinted glass
  effect)
• Ambient Color Adds to and blends with the color
  value. Its good to leave this value set to 0
  except for special effects.
• Incandescence A simulation of emitted light
• Bump Mapping To simulate 3-dimensional surface
  detail effects
• Diffuse Intended to simulate a material
  scattering light
• Translucence A special attribute that lets you
  see shadows cast onto the back of a surface.
  (frosted glass)
• Translucence Focus This controls how light
  scatters from the surface.

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Material Settings

• Eccentricity The width of the highlight,
  simulating how polished or rough the surface
  appears
• Specular Roll Off The brightness/intensity of
  the highlight
• Specular Color The color of the highlight
  usually set to white or a gray value
• Reflectivity The brightness of reflections on
  the object.
• Reflected Color For Blinn, the color swatch and
  slider have no effect. However, when a texture
  map is applied, it appears to be reflected by the
  material.

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Transparency versus Translucence
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Creating Solid Materials
Chapter 8 tutorial01

• Open Hypershade
• MMB-drag a Lambert material type to the bottom
  tab panel

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Creating Solid Materials
Chapter 8 tutorial01

• Double-click the new material and the Attribute
  Editors should appear with the new material
  loaded.
• Rename the material from lambert2 to a specific
  name related to your object
• Set the color by clicking the swatch next to the
  color value
• Select the object in the scene, RMB-click the
  edited material in Hypershade, and choose Assign
  Material to Selection

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Reflective Raytraced Metal
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Refractive Raytraced Glass
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Adjusting Rendering Quality
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Texture Mapping

• Mapping coordinates (UV coordinates)
• Nurbs parametric mapping
• Polygons planar, cylindrical, spherical, and
  automatic mapping
• Each method has its own drawback.
• You must apply the best mapping method for the
  surface and the areas seen during the animation.

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Procedural Maps

• Procedural maps use formulas. Many patterns, such
  as bricks, tiles, and gradients, are so
  repetitive that they can easily be represented by
  an equation.

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Procedural Maps

• 2D procedurals
• regular patterns grid, checker, bulge, cloth,
  ramp
• noise patterns fractal, mountain, noise, and
  water

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Procedural Maps

• 3D procedurals
• random types ceiling tiles, carpets

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Applying Textures
Chapter 8 tutorial01

• Choose a Blinn material type
• Click the checkered button to the right of the
  color swatch. Click on the Checker type to apply
  it to the Color attribute
• From your view port set it to Shaded view.
  Activate Hardware Texturing for this view
• MMB-drag the checkerfloor swatch from the top
  panel of Hypershade to the scenes floor surface.
  You should see a checkerboard appear on the floor
• Double-click the checkerfloor material in
  Hypershade to make it active in the Attribute
  Editor. In the Attribute Editor for the material,
  open the Hardware Texturing section, and set the
  Texture Quality to High

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Applying Textures
Chapter 8 tutorial01
When you apply textures, checkered button will be
changing to right-pointing arrow.
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Reverse Surface
Make sure the Surface Direction is set to swap
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Bump Mapping

• It does not change the geometry but it tweaks the
  way the surface responds to lighting to give the
  impression of bumpiness based on an applied map.

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Summary

• Working with material attributes
• Working with Hypershade
• Adding textures to basic materials
• Bump maps
• Keep working on coursework 1