Pharmacology summary notes

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Pharmacology summary notes

• Cardio-Vascular Module

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Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs
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Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
Non selective Cycloxygenase (COX) Inhibitors
Aspirin
Adenosine reuptake inhibitors Dipyradimole
ADP inhibitor Clopidegrel Such as aspirin, but
used when patients cant tolerate aspirin side
effects (peptic ulcer)
GP IIb-IIIa inhibitors Tirofiban (non
peptide) Abciximib Epitibutide
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Thrombolytics
Streptokinase Non-selective High
antigenicity Long acting Less expensive
Altoplase (t-PA) Selective Low antigenicity Short
acting More expensive
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Treatment of Angina

• Nitrates veins-dilators?decrease preload?
  decrease O2 demand
• ß-Blocker Decreases the HR and therefore the
  workload of the heart
• Ca channel Blocker
• -dipine arteries-dilators ?decrease after load
• Verapamil ?decrease HR and O2 demand

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Anti-Hypertensive Drugs

• Diuretics that decreases the preload and after
  load
• ß-Blocker(-olol) that decreases the heart rate
• a2 agonist (-nidine) that decreases the
  sympathetic activity. It is best used with
  Diuretics.
• Ca channel Blocker (-dipine) are arterial
  dilators that decreases the after load . It is
  best used with beta blocker
• Direct acting vasodilators (Minoxidil, and
  Hydralazine)

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Anti- hypertensive drugs

• ACE Inhibitors (-pril) that inhibits the
  conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
  therefore causes vasodilatation, and increase Na
  excretion. Angiotension Receptor II Blocker
  (-sartan) has the same action of ACE- I and are
  used when patients cant tolerate the side effects
  of ACE-I (cough)
• a1 antagonist (-zisone) arterial and venous
  dilator, therefore decrease preload and after
  load and causes reflex tachycardia, therefore it
  is best used with Beta blocker

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Drugs used in heart failure

• Acute (i.v)
• ß1 agonist
• Doputamine
• Dopamine
• Isoprinalline
• PDE-III inhibitors
• (-rinone)
• Glucagone

• Chronic
• Digitalis
• Diuretics
• ACE-Inhibitors
• Beta blocker