USING THE MILITARY LENSATIC COMPASS

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USING THE MILITARY LENSATIC COMPASS
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
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PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
WARNING
This presentation is intended as a quick summary,
and not a comprehensive resource. If you want to
learn Land Navigation in detail, either buy a
book or get someone, who has the knowledge and
skills, to teach you in person.
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PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
NOTE
To get the ideas across presented on these
slides, many figures, pictures, and calculations
may not be to scale and may be exaggerated for
clarity.
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PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
Note Prior to being issued any training
equipment, you will be required to sign a
statement of liability agreeing to pay for
anything you damage or lose. All items will be
inspected and inventoried prior to your signature
and at the end of the training day too. If you
do not intend to sign this statement, then you
may be denied training. You may use your own
equipment.
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Any Questions?
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
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LAND NAVIGATIONPRESENTATIONPART 2Module
9Intersect Triangulate
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
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PRESENTATION
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
. . . and now on with the . . .
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PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
LAND NAVIGATION WITH MAP
AND LENSATIC COMPASS
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PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
LAND NAVIGATION

• Why Learn Land Navigation?
• Tracking present location
• Determining Distance
• Sense of direction
• How to read a topographic map
• Terrain and map association
• Spatial skills
• Planning safe, practical routes
• And more Navigational skills

Training and practicing land navigation on foot
provides the following everyday navigation (how
not to get lost) benefits
(Where am I ?)
(How far is it and am I there yet ?)
(Where do I want to go and where am I actually
going ?)
(Do I understand the map ?)
(What hill or river am I looking at ?)
(Can I mentally visualize the landscape in 3D ?)
(Take a long safe route or a short risky route ?)
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PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation

• THIS PRESENTATION IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR PARTS
• __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  __________________________________________________
  __
• PART 1 Basic Land Navigation
• The Lensatic Compass module 1
• The Topographic Map modules 2, 3, 4,
• The Land and Map Association modules 5, 6
• PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
• Making Sense of Direction module 7
• Tracking Present Location modules 8, 9, 10, 11
• Determining Travel Distance modules 12, 13, 14
• PART 3 Advance Land Navigation
• Navigation Methods to Stay On Course module 15
• Additional Skills of Land Navigation module 16
• Planning to Navigate module 17
• PART 4 Expert Land Navigation
• Navigation in different types of Terrain module
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• Night Navigation module 19
• Sustainment module 20

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PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
THESE ARE THE TRAINING MODULES Module 1 Lensatic
Compass parts and features, and how to sight
the compass by two different methods. Module
2 Topo Map Margin what map margin data
represents, map care, and how to properly fold a
map. Module 3 Topo Map Scale map sizes and how
it affects amount of detail that will be
shown. Module 4 Topo Map Symbols you must
understand them to read and speak map language
to others. Module 5 Terrain Relief shows
elevation, indicates terrain features and heights
of natural features. Module 6 Map Information
what a protractor is for and how a map provides
four kinds of information. Module 7 Sense of
Direction lateral drift, current bearing,
obstacles, back azimuth, deliberate
offset. Module 8 Resection locate position with
map only. Modified resection is with a map or
compass. Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
two methods to locate position by compass. Module
10 Map Speaks Compass Language - there is no need
to orient the map to find your position. Module
11 Plotting Position Coordinates exact
positioning, used to communicate to others with a
map. Module 12 Route Measure mapping
straight-line distance, curvature distance, and
slope distance. Module 13 Pace Count using
ranger pacing beads and estimating hiking
speed. Module 14 Travel Distance Estimation
estimating by 100 meter rule, rule-of-thumb, and
by time. Module 15 Plan to Navigate in a group
or alone, equipment, safety, responsibilities,
route selection. Module 16 Stay on Course
advance reference points and advance
baselines. Module 17 Additional Land Navigation
Skills estimate daylight, conserve energy,
blisters, weather insight. Module 18 Navigating
Different Terrain special environments,
featureless terrain, visibility, dense
foilage. Module 19 Night Navigation night
adaptation, protecting night vision, navigate
with lensatic compass. Module 20 Sustainment
maintaining skills, training others, setting up a
land navigation course.
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Any Questions?
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
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PART 2INTERMEDIATE LAND NAVIGATION
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation

• MODULE 9
• Tracking Present Location
• Intersection
• Triangulation

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TRACKING PRESENT LOCATIONDESCRIPTION
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
Navigation is not about finding yourself after
you are lost (although thats what happens
sometimes) navigation is about keeping track of
your POSITION as you move away from a known
point. As you move you have to remain cognizant
of the terrain you are leaving, of the terrain
you are passing, and of the terrain that is ahead
of you.

• Make it a habit of keeping your map and compass
  handy and refer to them every hour or so to
  locate your position (more often in low
  visibility). Keep track of your starting time,
  rest breaks and general hiking pace. This will
  also give you an idea of how far you have
  traveled.
• To find out where you are on a map, you must
  relate your position to the features you can see
  and can identify on the map.
• There are several techniques to find your
  position on a map.
• RESECTION - With map only (no compass).
• MODIFIED RESECTION With map or One compass
  bearing.
• INTERSECTION - Two compass bearings.
• TRIANGULATION - Three compass bearings.
• COMPASS LANGUAGE Make map speak compass
  language.

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TRACKING PRESENT LOCATIONFINDING YOUR LOCATION
INTERSECTION (two compass bearings)
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation

• INTERSECTON has only one prerequisite - there
  must be two identifiable points on the landscape
  that also appear on the map.
• Orient the map with MAGNETIC NORTH. And then
  take a lensatic compass bearing to the first
  landmark and lay compass on the map landmark and
  only rotate the compass to the bearing taken,
  draw a line.
• Then take a lensatic compass bearing to the
  second landmark and lay compass on the map
  landmark and only rotate the compass to the
  bearing taken, draw a line.
• Where lines cross each other, that is
  approximately where you are. (SEE NEXT SLIDES
  FOR DETAILS)

YOU ARE HERE
YOU ARE HERE
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TRACKING PRESENT LOCATIONFINDING YOUR LOCATION
INTERSECTION (two compass bearings)
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation

• STEP ONE. With compass map
• Lay the map on a flat surface and lay the compass
  on the MN line on the map.
• 2. Rotate the map and compass together until
  the compass bearing reads 0 degrees Magnetic
  North (compass and MN line on the map are aligned
  / parallel). Then put rocks on each corner of
  the map to prevent it from moving.
• 3. The map is oriented.

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TRACKING PRESENT LOCATIONFINDING YOUR LOCATION
INTERSECTION (two compass bearings)
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation

• STEP TWO. With compass map
• With lensatic compass take an azimuth (bearing)
  to both (two) landmarks.

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TRACKING PRESENT LOCATIONFINDING YOUR LOCATION
INTERSECTION (two compass bearings)
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation

• STEP THREE. With compass map
• On oriented map, lay the compass front left
  corner on first map landmark.
• Only rotate the compass until the azimuth taken
  to the landmark is read on the index line.
• Draw a line.
• Repeat for second landmark.
• Where the lines cross each other, that is
• approximately where you are.

Pivot point does not move
AZIMUTH 335º
YOU ARE HERE
AZIMUTH 60º
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TRACKING PRESENT LOCATIONFINDING YOUR LOCATION
TRIANGULATION (three compass bearings)
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation

• TRIANGULATION has only one prerequisite - there
  must be three identifiable points on the
  landscape that also appear on the map.
• Orient the map with MAGNETIC NORTH. And then
  take a lensatic compass bearing to the first
  landmark and lay compass on the map landmark and
  only rotate the compass to the bearing taken,
  draw a line. Repeat for the other landmarks.
  (same procedures as INTERSECTION)
• Where the triangle is, that is where you are.
  The more accurate you are with the compass
  bearings, the more accurate or smaller the
  triangle.

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Any Questions?
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
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PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation
Note Prior to being issued any training
equipment, you will be required to sign a
statement of liability agreeing to pay for
anything you damage or lose. All items will be
inspected and inventoried prior to your signature
and at the end of the training day too. If you
do not intend to sign this statement, then you
may be denied training. You may use your own
equipment.
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TESTING
PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation

• Now it is time for the following . . .
• Written exam
• Hands-on / Outdoors exam

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THE END OFLAND NAVIGATIONPRESENTATIONPART
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PART 2 Intermediate Land Navigation
Module 9 Intersection Triangulation