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Measurement of ocean surface biogeochemical parameters for global carbon cycle research

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Title: Measurement of ocean surface biogeochemical parameters for global carbon cycle research


1
Measurement of ocean surface biogeochemical
parameters for global carbon cycle research
  • Ocean surface pCO2 (CO2 partial pressure)
  • estimation of ocean CO2 flux (or sink) from
    difference of atmosphere-ocean pCO2
  • global ocean carbon cycle model evaluation from
    global oceanic pCO2 map with seasonal or monthly
    resolution
  • CO2 related parameters
  • nutrients (N, P, Si) as controlling factors of
    biological carbon pump
  • inorganic carbon and alkalinity as carbon
    standing stock
  • chlorophyll and phytoplankton pigments as
    indicator of biological standing stock and
    species information

2
Monthly resolution, how?
  • Commercial cargo ship as VOS (volunteer
    observation ship)
  • Four to Six week interval service for Pacific and
    Atlantic
  • Water intake line installation in the ship for
    biogeochemical parameter measurement
  • NIES monitoring network
  • US/Canada-Japan line
  • Australia-Japan
  • pCO2 continuous measurement and water sampling
    for biogeochmical parameters
  • surface temperature and salinity measurement as
    biproducts

3
North Pacific VOS Monitoring from
1995(atmosphere/ocean monitoring of CO2)
M/S Skaugran, Sea Board (Canada) 1995 Mar.-1999
Sept.
M/S Alligator Hope, MOL (Japan) 1999 Nov.-2001
May
M/S Pyxis, Toyota-Toyofuji (Japan) 2001 Nov.-
(atmosphere) 2002 Jul.- (atmosphere/ocean)
4
Western Pacific VOS Monitoring from
1992(atmospheric monitoring of GHGs)
M/S Hakuba, NYK (Japan) 1992 Jun.-1996 Jan.
M/S Southern Cross, MOL (Japan) 1996 Mar.-2001
May
M/S MOL Golden Wattle, MOL (Japan) 2001
Jun.-2002 May (atmosphere/ocean)
5
Data Integration of Pacific Data
  • IJCD (Inventory of Japanese Chemical
    Oceanographic Data)
  • combining all the observed ocean CO2 data set

PICNIC (PICES CO2 Data Integration for North
Pacific) combining pacific ocean CO2 data set of
US,Canada and Japan
Joint activity by NIES, JMA, JAMSTEC,
JHD Fishery Agency, AIST, and Universities
6
US-Japan collaboration for VOS program
  • Proposal for starting US-Australia line pCO2
    measurement by US side (NOAA/PMEL)
  • Collaboration in sample analysis of US-Japan VOS
    measurement (SIO Scripps Oceanographic
    Institution)
  • PICNIC Pacific ocean CO2 data integration
    (PICES Intergovernmental Organization for North
    Pacific Ocean Science, working group chaired by
    Y.Nojiri/NIES and A.Dickson/SIO)
  • Global data integration (UNESCO/IOC CO2 Advisory
    Panel activity, chaired by D.Wallace, Germany),
    relating EU VOS and autonomous CO2 buoy programs
    (USA and EU)

7
JCOMM SOT meeting
  • JOINT WMO/IOC Technical Commission for
    Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM) Ship
    Observations Team, first session, Goa, India, 25
    Feb. to 2 Mar. 2002
  • Session New types of observations from VOS,
    The team will be presented with a report by the
    IOC/SCOR CO2 Panel and reports on current
    activities relating to biogeochemical
    observations from VOS. Based on the reports and
    requirements for these observations, the team
    will consider the possibilities of operational
    observations of such new types of elements using
    VOS.
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