Respiration

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Title: Respiration

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Consumption of O2 and production of CO2. Determination by spirometry ... Inspiration: diaphragm phrenic N. C3,4,5. Expiration: controlled relaxation, diaphragm ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Respiration

1
Respiration
Air
Ventilation
Gas exchange (alveoli)
Gas transport (blood)
Tissues

Uptake O2
for energy

Download CO2

2
Consumption of O2 and production of CO2
Determination by spirometry Respiratory quotients
for carbohydrates and fats
CO2 produced
200 ml / min
RQ
0.8

O2 consumed
250 ml / min
Sugar O2 CO2
H2O
energy
3
Function of Upper Airways

Warm
Humidify
Filter / clean
/immune defense

Extensive vascular mucous membrane
Air

Maintain / provide airway
Special functions smell
taste
voice

4
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5
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6
Pharnyx and Larnyx 1. Maintenance of airway 2.
Pharnyx immune defense Airway maintenance 1.
Intrinsic tone of pharngeal muscles tongue 2.
Relfexes swallowing reflex cough reflex
7

Airway maintenance is compromised
muscle floppy
reflexes
1. Unconscious
face down and to side
gravity assists
2. Alcohol
3. Opiates barbiturates anaesthetic gases
artificial airways
4. Sleep

8
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9
From periphery via R side of heart
To periphery via L side of heart
Fig. shows envelopment of the alveoli by
pulmonary capillaries.
10
Inspiration is active process muscle
contraction Chest volume
Lung vol
Air pressure
Air in through mouth and nose
Expiration (quiet) involves controlled muscle
relaxation Chest volume
Lung vol
Air pressure
Air out through mouth and nose
11
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13
1 mmHg 13.6 mm H2O 1 mmHg 1.36 cm H2O
14
760 mmHg
15
Normal airflow achieved