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Erosion and Landscape Evolution

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Drainage Divides Broad and Flat, ... Sediment builds up, flood plain widens. River begins to meander ... Land worn to nearly flat surface (peneplain) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Erosion and Landscape Evolution


1
Erosion and Landscape Evolution
2
Anatomy of a Drainage System
3
Youth
  • V-Shaped Valley
  • Rapids
  • Waterfalls
  • No Flood Plain
  • Drainage Divides Broad and Flat, Undissected by
    Erosion
  • Valley Being Deepened
  • General Agreement on this stage, lots of examples

4
Maturity (Early)
  • V-Shaped Valley
  • Beginnings of Flood Plain
  • Sand and Gravel Bars
  • Sharp Divides
  • Relief Reaches Maximum
  • Valleys stop deepening
  • General Agreement on this stage, lots of examples

5
Maturity (Late)
  • Valley has flat bottom
  • Narrow Flood Plain
  • Divides begin to round off
  • Relief diminishes
  • Sediment builds up, flood plain widens
  • River begins to meander
  • Many geologists believe slopes stay steep but
    simply retreat.

6
Old Age
  • Land worn to nearly flat surface (peneplain)
  • Resistant rocks remain as erosional remnants
    (monadnocks)
  • Rivers meander across extremely wide, flat flood
    plains

7
3
Image produced from the OS Get-a-Map service.
Image reproduced with kind permission of the OS
and OS of Northern Ireland
Describe the physical features of the river and
its valley
8
5
What features identify this stretch of river as
part of its upper course?
9
7
How would you know that this valley was not
carved by the river which flows in it today?
10
8
Image produced from the OS Get-a-Map service.
Image reproduced with kind permission of the OS
and OS of Northern Ireland
Describe the physical features of the river and
its valley
11
ox bow lake
broad, flat flood plain
gentle long profile
limit of tidal influence
meanders
river channel more than 8m
embankments/levees
12
steep valley sides
many small tributaries
no flood plain
river channel less than 8m wide
steep long profile
river follows a relatively straight course
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