Education System

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Education System and Development for
Pakistan at National Defence College - Islamabad
Government of Pakistan Ministry of
Education http//www.moe.gov.pk
February 3, 2005
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Salient Features of National Education Policy
(1998-2010)

• Universal Primary Education
• Diversification of General Education
• Decentralization of Education
• Modernization of Curricula at all levels
• Madaris Education
• Public-Private Partnership
• Quality Assurance
• Gender Responsive Education

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1. Universal Primary Education

• More than 7 million primary school age (5-9)
  children are left out.
• Approximately 45 children drop out of school at
  primary level.
• About one-fourth of primary school teachers are
  untrained.
• Learning materials are inadequate and of poor
  quality. Teaching methods are harsh and
  uncongenial for learning and motivating pupils
  and
• Character building, which is the basic and
  fundamental objective of education and training
  is neglected creating serious problems both for
  the individual and the nation.

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2. Decentralization in Education

• Meager resources for education seek amelioration
  in more transparent, accountable and efficient
  management.
• Moving the decision making process as close to
  the source of action as possible.
• Demand for increasing local participation in
  choosing and managing education by the
  communities and the students.

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3. Madaris Education

• To evolve an integrated system of national
  education by bringing Deeni Madaris and modern
  schools closer to mainstream in curriculum and
  the contents of education.
• To eradicate sectarianism and enhance prospects
  of employment.

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4. Public Private Partnership

• Strengthening the delivery of education services
  through greater NGOs and Private Sector
  involvement.
• Restructuring and reorganizing the National and
  Provincial Education Foundations in their
  targeting and resource mechanism in support of
  private sector and NGO initiative in needy area.
• Forming regulatory Bodies to regulate activities
  and smooth functioning of privately managed
  schools and institutions of Higher Education
  through proper Rules and Regulations.

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5. Quality Assurance

• Improvement in provision of infrastructure and
  human resources for primary education.
• Provision of improved curriculum and
  teaching-learning materials.
• Improving the quality of teaching-learning
  process.
• Attention to continuous professional development.
• Establishment of Educational Assessment System.
• Strengthening and upgradation of Teacher Training
  institutions.
• Setting-up Academic Audit through linkage of cash
  awards / incentives with quality.
• Developing a National Strategy for Information
  Communication Technologies (ICTs).

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Allocation of Funds to EducationYear 2004-05
(Rs. in million)
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(Rs. In million)
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The Challenges and opportunities inherent in
three types of parallel education systems
(Cambridge/Oxford, Conventional English / Urdu
Medium and Madrasas) and its impact on national
integration

• Cambridge / Oxford, Conventional English / Urdu
  Medium and Madrasas Education System have not yet
  significantly sharpened the divide within the
  society, but if we do not improve our Government
  schools, we are headed in that direction.
• 1. Cambridge / Oxford System
• Oxford / Cambridge education system provide
  quality alternative education.
• 2. Conventional English / Urdu Medium System
• The Conventional English and Urdu Medium schools
  once provided quality low cost education but
  these too have suffered a set back in the past 3
  decades due to its politicization and outdated
  examination system.
• 3. Madrasa Education System
• The premises of Madrasa education in Pakistan is
  based on certain beliefs.
• The curriculum for Madrasa education is outdated.
• Madarassah mainstreaming programme has been
  launched to address this gap through
  introduction of new disciplines.

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Public Sectors Role in Education Sector

• 1. Recognition of Education as Fundamental Right
• State to take all necessary measures for ensuring
  that elementary education is recognized as a
  fundamental right.
• 2. Appropriate Investment in Education
• Successive governments in Pakistan have neglected
  investment in education.
• 3. Create Conducive Learning Environment
• Schooling requires several inputs.
• A key input is the availability of a school, an
  environment conducive to learning, a teacher who
  knows the subject and can teach it, and the
  requisite tools for teaching and learning.
• 4. Alignment of Curriculum Syllabi with
  Performance Standards
• Curricula and syllabi should be updated and be
  demand oriented for a modern progressive state.

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• 5. Expand Frontiers of Knowledge and Technology
• Pakistan must aim at providing its educational
  institutions the capability to take advantage of
  the expanding frontiers of knowledge and
  technology.
• 6. Develop Implementation, Monitoring and
  Evaluation Mechanism
• Defective implementation and monitoring
  mechanism. Inadequate personnel, poor training
  and and absence of incentives in education
  sector.
• 7. Create Strong Management Information System
• Accurate data for different education indicators
  is a prerequisite for informed planning.

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Future Plans

• 1. Tripartite Partnership
• The role of family, the community and the State.
  All need to be mobilized.
• 2. Free Education Upto Matriculation
• 3. Provision of Free Textbooks
• 4. Grant of Scholarships and Incentives to Girl
  Students
• 5. Availability and Accessibility of Schools
  Particularly in Rural Areas.

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• 6. Teachers Status and Recruitment of Female
  Teachers
• Better status and pay for teachers.
• Experience has demonstrated that schools with
  female teachers function well particularly at
  Primary level.
• 7. Improvement in Learning Environment
• Better infrastructure through School Management
  Councils.
• 8. Technical / Vocational Education
• It is important to provide demand related skills.
• 9. Instructional Methods
• Emphasis must be given on development of
  analytical faculties of the students.

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• 10. Teachers Training and Knowledge
• To improve teachers knowledge of the subject and
  equip them with a wide repertoire of teaching
  skills.
• 11. English Language
• Introduction of English from Class I.
• Future policy reforms will emphasize the teaching
  of science subjects in English at public
  secondary schools.

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Thank You All