The Civil War

1
The Civil War

• Overview
• (Summary)

2

• Confederate States of America
• 11 states 9million people, including 3.5 million
  slaves
• Confederate Army 600,000 to 1.5 million
• Navy had no real navy, only a few cruisers

• United States of America
• 23 states 22 million people
• Union Army 2,128,94
• African Americans 178,895 total (134,111 from
  slave states)
• Navy 42 ships in 1861 by 1864 671 ships

3
Causes of the war

• States Rights
• Sectionalism
• Slavery
• Election of Lincoln

4
Strength and Weaknesses of the
North The Union

• Strengths
• Superior leadership of Abraham Lincoln
• Larger pop.
• Military power 52 ration of men ready to fight
• Industrial power
• Greater wealth
• ¾ more railroads
• 2/3 more farm acreage

• Weakness
• Weak motivation- not fighting for a cause
• Unaggressive officers- failed to press advantages
• Far from home
• 3,500 mile enemy coastline
• European aid to Confederacy

5
Strength and Weaknesses of the
South The Confederates

• Weakness
• Leadership of Jefferson Davis
• Inflation printed to much paper money
• Inferior numbers in men, money, and machinery
• State sovereignty yielded to national sovereignty
  in order to conduct the war

• Strengths
• Good military leaders
• Strong military tradition
• Strong motivation- fighting to preserve way of
  life
• Fighting on home ground
• Cotton could be exchanged on world market for
  weapons and manufactured goods.

6
Significant People of the Civil War

• Military
• North
• Ulysses S. Grant
• South
• Robert E. Lee

• Political
• North
• Abraham Lincoln
• South
• Jefferson Davis
• Others
• John C. Calhoun, Henry Clay, and Daniel Webster.
   

7
Strategies

• Confederates
• Capture Washington, D.C.
• Seize central Pennsylvania
• Divide Northwest and Northeast
• Gain recognition of Confederacys independence

• Union
• Capture Richmond, the Confederate capital
• Blockade the South (Anaconda Plan)
• Split the Confederacy by gaining control of the
  Mississippi River

8
Significant Battles

• Fort Sumter - Confederate Victory
• Battle of Antietam Union Victory
• Gettysburg - Union Victory
• Vicksburg - Union Victory

9
Outcome

• April 9, 1865 - Gen. Robert E. Lee surrenders his
  Confederate Army to Gen. Ulysses S. Grant at the
  village of Appomattox Court House in Virginia.
• The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments were passed
  to abolish slavery and to give African Americans
  the same rights as all citizens.