NT 500 Greek I Session 3

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NT 500Greek I- Session 3

• Using the texts of Dr. Bill Mounce

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Greek Syllabification

• One vowel per syllable-
• aj kh kov men
• mar tu rou men
• A single consonant goes with the following vowel
• eJ w ra ka men
• eJ qe a sav me qa

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Greek Syllabification 2

• Two consecutive vowels that do not form a
  diphthong are divided
• eJ qe a sav me qa
• jH sa iv aV

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Greek Syllabification 3

• A consonant cluster that can NOT be pronounced
  together is divided and the first consonant goes
  with the preceding word
• em pro sqen
• ajr chV

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Greek Syllabification 4

• A consonant cluster that can be pronounced
  together goes with the following vowel
• Cri stovV
• gra fhv
• e qne sin
• pneu ma

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Greek Syllabification 5

• Double consonants are divided
• aj pag gevl lo men
• par rn siv a
• Compound words are divided where joined
• ajn ti cri stovV
• ejk bavl lw

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English Nouns

• Inflection- (from the Latin- to bend)

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Grammatical Concepts

• Case
• Subjective (Nominative)
• Objective (Accusative)
• Possessive (Genitive)
• He borrowed my computer.
• She gave me her phone number.

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Grammatical Concepts

• Subjective-
• the noun is used as the subject of the
  sentence.
• Example The ball broke the window.
• English Subjective Greek Nominative

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Grammatical Concepts

• Possessive -
• the noun shows possession
• Example His ball broke the window.
• English Possessive Greek Genitive

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Grammatical Concepts

• Objective -
• the noun is the Direct Object
• Example The ball broke the window.
• English Objective Greek Accusative

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Grammatical Concepts

• Indirect Object -
• the noun is the Indirect Object
• Example The man gave me handshake.
• English Object of the preposition Greek
  Dative

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Grammatical Concepts

• Number-
• Singular
• Plural

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Grammatical Concepts

• Gender-
• Masculine
• Feminine
• Neuter

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Grammatical Concepts

• Declension-
• Different patterns for endings
• 1st- Feminine
• 2nd- Masculine Neuter
• 3rd- Masc, Fem, and Neut.

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Parts of speech

• Noun
• Adjective
• Preposition
• Subject and Predicate
• Definite article
• Indefinite article

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Subjects and verbs

• 1st person- I, We
• 2nd Person- You, You
• 3rd Person- He/She/It, They
• In Greek, the ending of the verb identifies the
  person

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Grammatical Concepts

• Miscellaneous
• A Greek sentence does not need a separate
  subject.
• The needed subject often is only in the verb.

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Grammatical Concepts

• Miscellaneous 2
• The Greek verb ending does not show the
  gender.
• gravfei can mean he writes, she writes, or it
  writes.

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Grammatical Concepts

• Definitions
• Lexical form- This is the way/ the form the
  word is found in the lexicon.
• Parsing- identification of the word.

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Greek Nouns

• It is the case ending, not the word order that
  indicates the function of a word.

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Greek Nouns- Stem Endings

• Stems ending in a or h 1st declension
• Stems ending in o 2nd declension
• Stems ending in a consonant 3rd declension

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Greek Nouns- Form

• Case endings
• Stem
• Gender
• Number
• Declension
• Indeclinable

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Greek Nouns- Cases

• Nominative indicates the subject
• Accusative indicates the direct object

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Greek Nouns- Cases

• The only way to determine the subject or direct
  object of a Greek sentence is not by word order,
  but by case endings.

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Greek Nouns- Lexical Form

• A lexicon is the term for a scholars dictionary
• The lexical form of a Greek word is the way that
  word is found in the lexicon the beginning form
  for a noun is the Nominative Singular

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Greek Nouns- Cases

• Translation does not require you to repeat
  paradigms
• it requires you to recognize the endings when you
  see them.
• Memory is involved.

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Greek Nouns- Case endings 1st 2nd

• Masc. Fem. Neut.
• N S -V - -n
• Ac S -n -n -n
• N Pl -i -i -a
• Ac Pl -uV -V -a

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Greek Nouns- Case endings 1st 2nd (w/ stem
vowel)

• Masc. Fem. Neut.
• N S oV h a on
• Ac S on hn an on
• N Pl oi ai a
• Ac Pl ouV aV -a

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Greek Nouns- Paradigms

• Masc. Fem. Neut.
• N S lovgoV grafhv wra ergon
• Ac S lovgon grafhvn wran ergon
• N Pl lovgoi grafaiv wra erga
• Ac Pl lovgouV grafvaV wra erga

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Greek Nouns- Cases

• All 1st declension nouns that have h in the
  singular shift to a in the plural

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Greek Nouns- Parsing

• Case
• Number
• Gender
• Lexical form
• Inflected meaning

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Greek Nouns- Parsing- logouvV

• Case Accusative
• Number Plural
• Gender Masculine
• Lexical form logovV
• Inflected meaning- Words

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Greek Nouns- Parsing- neuter nouns- ergon

• Case Nominative/Accusative
• Number Singular
• Gender Neuter
• Lexical form ergon
• Inflected meaning- deed

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Greek Nouns- Noun Rule 1

• Stems ending in a or h are in the 1st
  declension, stems ending in o are in the 2nd, and
  consonantal stems are in the 3rd

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Greek Nouns- Noun Rule 2

• Every neuter word has the same form in the
  nominative and accusative.

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Greek Nouns- Noun Rule 3

• Almost all neuter words end in a in the
  nominative and accusative plural

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Greek Nouns- Article

• It must agree with the noun that it modifies in
  case, number, and gender
• The article does not care about the declension of
  the word it is modifying

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Greek Nouns- Definite Article

• Singular Plural
• M. F. N M. F. N
• Nominative oJ hJ tov oiJ aiJ tav
• Genitive tou thV tou twn twn twn
• Dative tw th/ tw toiV taiV toiV
• Accusative tovn thvn tov touvV tavV tav

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Greek Nouns- Definite Article and noun

• Singular Plural
• M. M.
• Nominative oJ logovV oiJ lovgoi
• Accusative ton lovgon touV lovgouV
• F F
• Nominative hJ grafhv aiJ grafaiv
• Accusative thn grafhvn taV grafavV
• N N
• Nominative to ergon ta erga
• Accusative to ergon ta erga

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Greek Nouns- Definite Article

Knowing the forms of the article is the key to
understanding the forms of nouns in Greek
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Translation Procedure

• Split sentence into parts
• First, do what you know
• Translate above each word
• Translate definite article as the

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Translation- Postpositive

• A postpositive is a word that cannot be the
  first word in your Greek sentence it can, and
  usually will, be the first word in your English
  translation

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Assignment

• Workbook-
• Complete Parsing section 1-10
• Complete warm-up section a-h
• Complete translation section 1-10
• Study Vocabulary ch. 4-6
• Peruse ch. 7

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Greek Verb- eijmiv

• singular plural
• 1st eijmiv I am ejsmevn We are
• 2nd ei\\ You are ejstev You (all) are
• 3rd ejstiv(n) He is eijsiv(n) They are