DLMSUA TPAK1_Intro

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IEC 62056 DLMS/COSEMworkshopPart 3 DLMS/COSEM
and AMI
CBIP Conference on Advanced Metering
Infrastructure 17-19th February 2009, New
Delhi Gyozo Kmethy, DLMS UA, President
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Contents

• Smart grids and smart meters
• Drivers
• Technology overview
• European scene
• Costs and benefits
• Barriers
• Considerations, experiences, conclusions

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Smart grids, smart meters

• Turbo generator, transformer, meter all
  invented within a few years
• Electricity became from a science to a business
• Modern elements given ICT capabilities
• bidirectional flow of energy and data
• integration of renewables and distributed energy
  generation
• involvement of end customers through information
• Business aspect more important than ever

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Smart meters

• Requirements minimum and optional
• bi-directional metering of electrical energy
• power quality
• tariffication, load profiles
• other energy types gas, water, heat
• load limitation / control / switching
• customer contracts
• bi-directional data exchange
• customer messages
• link to home automation
• event logging, network / meter health
• firmware upgrade
• additional services?

Courtesy ERA
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Drivers for AMI

• Political
• energy efficiency
• energy saving
• supply security / sustainability
• EU energy market
• EU services market
• new technology culture

• Technology
• static meters
• ICT Information and communication technologies
  merge

• Businesss
• operation of the market
• customer choice
• efficient network operation
• deferred capacity investments
• cost reduction
• smart grids

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Political drivers - EU

• EU positions
• COM(2006)545 final energy efficiency action
  program
• 20 energy saving by 2020
• ICT policy i2010 driver for growth and creating
  jobs
• Research and development frame program FP7

• Directives
• 2003/54 Common rules for the internal market in
  electricity
• 2005/89 Measures to safeguard security of
  electricity supply and infrastructure investment
• 2006/32 Energy end-use efficiency and energy
  services

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Business drivers

• Operating the liberalized market
• frequent (monthly) reading, correct bills based
  on real data
• debts, (pre)payment
• price information to the customer, dual fuel
  customers
• change of supplier without local meter read /
  meter replacement

• Improving network efficiency
• technical / non-technical losses, QoS, repairs

• Deferrement of capacity investments
• load limitation, load shedding

• Supply cost reduction
• meter operation, reading, billing, customer
  service

• Smart grids
• voltage control, local generation, balance of
  capacity and demand

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Technology drivers

• Measurement
• digital signal processing
• open standards for data models and protocols,
  interoperability

• Data transmission technologies
• power line carrier (PLC) narrow band / broad band
• GSM / GPRS
• mesh radio
• TV cables
• optical cables

• Internet technologies

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Europe overview

• Smart metering projects in several countries
• France
• Netherlands
• Germany
• Italy
• EU Frame program 7.1.1 (RD) Open Access
  Standard for Smart Multi-Metering Services
• EC standardisation mandate CENELEC / CEN / ETSI

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France ERDF project

• Mandated by the regulator
• 95 of meters to be replaced by 2016 35 M meters
• Objectives
• facilitate market opening
• improve efficiency of distribution
• improve demand management
• improve customer satisfaction
• CAPEX 4,000 M 800 M / year, during 5 years
• 30,000 meters to be installed daily
• largest cost is installation!
• Return estimated gt10 years

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France ERDF project

• Pilot project 300,000 smart meters, 7,000
  concentrators
• Winning consortium leader ATOS Origin
• 3 meter suppliers Actaris, Iskraemeco,
  LandisGyr
• 3 concentrator suppliers
• Final objective is to replace all 35 M
  electricity meters

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French project methodology

• Formulate criteria for data model and protocols
• Select data model / protocol / media
• result DLMS/COSEM over PLC (S-FSK gtgt OFDM)
• Issue tender for trials
• select one consortium, including
• at least 3 meter and 3 concentrator vendors, to
  prove interchangeability
• specification details being worked out by
  consortium
• Full scale rollout

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EDF protocol selection criteria

• Openness
• Standardization
• Stability
• Completeness
• Unicity of encoding
• Expandibility
• Compactness
• Simplicity
• Independence

• Continuation / Durability
• Abstraction
• Modelling
• Self-description
• Selective acces
• Usage level /Adoption
• Promoters
• Scalability
• Manageability

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Dutch smart metering project

• Mandated by Dutch Government based on Energy
  efficiency Directive 2006/32/EC
• 7 M E-meters, 6.5 M G-meters small
  commercial customers
• To be realised by 2013
• Installation by grid operator, data collection by
  supplier
• Meter Data Provider companies will enter the
  market
• Minimum requirements from Government NTA 8130

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Project objectives
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Dutch system architecture
Courtesy KEMA
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Dutch approach to standards

• Standards are needed for interoperability
• All vendors claim interoperability, yet using
  different protocols and / or implementations
• Choice for open standards is evident
• Choosing a (open) protocol is not enough to
  facilitate reaching interoperability a companion
  standard is required
• Choosing a vendor specific companion standard may
  lead to vendor lock-out or biased tenders
• Utilities and meter vendors have to work together
  to attain an interoperable solution
• Meter vendors for technical knowledge and to
  prevent vendor lock-out
• Utilities for functional requirements and making
  final decisions
• Only labelling as a standard is not enough

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Dutch project approach
Use cases and functional descriptions
Logical view of the system / meter provider
A
Functional view of the user (network operator,
retailer, end user)
B....
B
C
B....
COSEM interface objects
A....
D

• Companion standard
• object model
• data security
• communication profiles

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Dutch requirements NTA DSMR and DLMS

• NTA 8130 Minimum requirements by Ducth
  Standards Institute

• DSMR use cases, installation and performance
  requirements
• Companion specification
• P1 local port local data exchange OBIS IEC
  62056-21
• P2 port, data exchange between meters M-BUS
  DLMS/COSEM
• P3 port, data exchange between meter and
  concentrator / CAS

• New COSEM elements M-Bus client, Firmware
  upgrade, Load limitation, Disconnect control,
  Events, Alarms
• Advanced data security using cryptographic
  methods (AES-GCM-128)
• DLMS/COSEM over PLC, GPRS vagy Ethernet

• International standardization

P3
http//www2.nen.nl
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Germany

• In definiton phase
• Multi-energy approach Multi utility controller
  MUC concept
• separation of metering and data collection
  functions (but need local interfaces)
• Two groups work on drafting requirements and
  specifications
• OPEN METERING 21 members, manufacturers
• BDEW energy generators, network companies,
  suppliers
• Local initiatives eHz, SML, Sym2, M-Bus mapped
  to OBIS
• RWE pilot projekt for 100,000 neters in Muelheim

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German market model
Meter operator
Meter dataservice provider
E / G Supplier
Metering point contract
E/G supply contract
Meter data services contract
Supply frame contract
Metering point user
E / G Network operator
Metering point provider
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German system architecture
E-meter
Customer
Network operator / Meter data provider
Remote data exchange- TCP/IP- PLC- GSM/GPRS
G-meter
Local interfaces- M-Bus- Wireless M-Bus- ?
Local concentrator / Modem
W-meter
H-meter
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Italy - Telegestore

• Started end of the 90-s
• ENELs decision
• ENELs specification
• LV PLC (FSK)
• GSM, PSTN to collector
• Contract RD and manufacturing
• Initially, for problematic customers
• Finally, full replacement in 5 years
• 31 M meters (50k / day)
• 350,000 concentrators
• 15 central DCS
• investment 2,100 M (70 / point)
• saving 500 M / year

Courtesy ENEL
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....and India?

• India is in the process of adopting IEC 62056
  DLMS/COSEM as Indian Standard
• Local expertise is available
• manufacturers
• test house
• technology providers
• Need to confirm business case
• Need to formulate minimum requirements
• Need to develop companion standard
• Need to verify by trials
• Good examples are available

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DLMS UA involvement in smart metering

• IEC 62056 DLMS/COSEM is used in several AMI
  projects
• Maintains and develops IEC 62056
• As IEC TC 13 liaison partner, will participate in
  the development of smart metering standards based
  on EU mandate
• Participates in OPEN metering project funded by
  the EU

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DLMS UA Smart metering / PLC

• Task meter data exchange pre-standardization
• co-operation with IEC, CENELEC, CEN
• Smart meter WG
• Actaris, EDF, Elster, EMH, Iskraemeco, Görlitz,
  ADD, KEMA, LandisGyr, MAEC, Nuon, SAGEM,
  Sibelga, LSIS, Kalkitech
• New functions modelled
• load limitation
• connection / disconnection (electricity
  contactor, gas valve...)
• events, alarms (including fraud)
• data exchange between DLMS/COSEM and M-Bus
  devices (e.g. gas meters)
• firmware update/download
• advanced data access and transport security
  encryption, authentication
• customer information
• S-FSK PLC DLMS/COSEM profile based on IEC
  61334-5-1
• Standardisation IEC TC 13 / CENELEC TC 13, IEC
  TC 57, CEN TC 294

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Costs and benefits

• Investment costs
• meters ( write-off)
• concentrators
• data transmission lines
• data processing systems
• installation, meter site renewal
• project management
• customer info / education
• Operation costs
• data processing
• customer service
• maintenance / renewals

• Benefits
• maintenance costs of existing meters falls away
  (e.g. repairs)
• better accuracy
• lower reading costs (meters of all energy kinds
  covered)
• lower billing / contract costs
• technical / non-technical losses
• efficient network operation, forecasting
• deferred capacity investments
• more efficient operation of generating capacities

Which are the valid ones in my project?
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Barriers (from EU aspect)

• Investment costs and risks do not coincide with
  benefits
• it is necessary to regulate the distribution of
  the benefits
• Data protection and data security concerns
• Long return of investment
• in countries with low income / consumption /
  population density justification of the business
  case is more difficult
• Social effects
• effect on labour
• low income customers need protection against high
  spot prices

But
If smart metering is implemented differently in
the various countries or if its only sporadic,
the most important advantage, the single EU
energy / services market cannot be realized
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Considerations 1

• National/regional characteristics current
  situation and trends
• level of market liberalization achieved,
  responsibility for metering
• level of consumption, prices, incomes
• controllable loads
• balance between generation capacity and demand
• consumer density, network properties
• proportion of energy-savvy customers
• Multi-energy coverage
• Specification of minimum and optional functions
  (e.g. Local display)
• Data protection and security
• Roll-out strategy
• mandatory or not
• organization network company, retailer, third
  party
• road map
• Lifetime of technologies and equipment compared
  to project duration
• Allocation of costs and benefits
• Customer protection

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Considerations 2

• Project scope
• regional analysis, national consolidation (see
  Australia)
• Economic environment, current and forecasted
• Starting internal reference conditions
• e.g. meter park, current costs
• Methodology for costbenefit analysis,
  sensitivity calculation
• Project duration (e.g. 20 years)
• Calculation of Net Present Value (NPV)
• Allocation of costsbenefits, transferring
  benefits to end customers
• And many more....

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Some lessons learned

• Role of the State and the Regulator
• e.g. mandatory rollout with appropriate
  conditions
• Full coverage (at least by region)
• National circumstances must be observed
• To justify business case, maximalize benefits,
  minimalize costs
• all possible benefits must be exploited
• Minimum requirements shall be specified
• Interoperability based on open, international,
  proven standards. e.g. IEC 62056 DLMS/COSEM
• Coverage of future requirements (e.g. smart
  grids)
• Supply consortia

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Summary 1

• Smart metering is driven by political and
  business drivers, technologically possible
• what, when, under what conditions, to meet what
  requirements
• Benefits
• energy efficiency energy-conscious customers
• well working liberalized market all customers
• energy saving society
• business efficiency, new services supplier
• network efficiency grid operator
• need to transfer to the end customer?
• Risks return of investment, data security,
  social consequences
• co-operation of end customer is indispensable
• Standardisation and flexibility to accommodate
  future needs

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Summary 2

• Role of metering equipment becomes even more
  important
• Deep influence on business processes
• Suppliers and purchasers must co-operate
• New players telecommunication and data
  processing companies
• The correct solution depends on local conditions

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• Thank you for your attention!

gyozo.kmethy_at_dlms.com